2022-2023学年河南省郑州市高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、青岛二中2022-2023学年第一学期期中考试一一高三试题（英语）考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分第一部分听力（共两节20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。1. When is Marys flight expected to arrive in London?A. At about 7:30. B. At about 6:00.C. At about 5:30.2. Wh

2、at does the man ask the woman to do?A. Cook dinner. B. Buy food.C. Have a rest.3. Where will the man probably do tennis practice?A. In a gym. B. In a park.C. In a garden.4. What are the speakers mainly discussing?A. Some tickets. B. A festival.C. A music hall.5. How does the woman feel about the man

3、?A. Angry. B. Envious.C. Pleased.第二节（共15小题;每小题1. 5分,满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What are the speakers talking about?A. A hotel.B. A TV program. C. A trip.7. What will the speakers do next?A. A

4、rrange the luggage. B. Go back home. C. Cook a meal.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. Why does the man want to wear the hat?A. Hell attend a party. B. He doesnt have a hat. C. He wants to look cool.体贴他人、谦逊的孩子们说话即使他们发挥了自己的长处。）”可知，D选项“TeensConfidenceMisunderstood （被误解的青少年的自信）”能够概括全文，适合作本文的标题。故选A项。DWhat kind of people

5、 can become scientists? When a group of researchers posed that question to ninth-and 1 Oth-graders, almost every student gave such responses as uPeople who work hard or Anyone who seems interested in the field of science.Many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists, citi

6、ng concerns such as Im not good at science ” and “ Even if I work hard, I will not do well. Its easy for them to see a scientists work as arising from an inborn talent.But for high school students, learning more about some struggles of scientists can help students feel more motivated to learn scienc

7、e. Researchers at Teachers College, Columbia University and the University of Washington designed an intervention to change students beliefs that scientific achievement depends on ability rather than effort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challen

8、ges in their scientific efforts.During the study, the students read one of three types of stories about Albert Einstein, Marie Curie and Michael Faraday. InteUectual（智力的）struggle stories: stories about how scientists struggled intellectually,v such as making mistakes while addressing a scientific pr

9、oblem and learning from them. Life struggle stories: stories about how scientists struggled in their personal lives, such as not giving up in the face of poverty or lack of family support. Achievement stories: stories about how scientists made great discoveries, without any discussion of coexisting

10、challenges.Researchers found that students who heard either type of struggle stories improved their science performance after-intervention, compared to students in the control group. The effect was especially pronounced for lower performing students, for whom exposure to struggling stories led to si

11、gnificantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories. In addition, students who read struggle stories reported feeling more personally connected to the scientists. By recognizing a scientists struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she app

12、lied to accomplish great works, the students were able to empathize（共情）with the scientists during their own struggles.12. Why do students fail to imagine themselves as scientists?A. They lack interest in science.B. They are short of confidenceC. They dont have inborn talent.D. They have no ability t

13、o study scienceA. To introduce some inspirational stories to students.B. To expose students to scientists9 great achievements.C. To ensure students will become scientists in the future.D. To clear students, misunderstandings of scientific work.14. The underlined word “pronounced in the last paragrap

14、h is closest in meaning to.A. minimalB. noticeableC. doubtfulD. long-lasting15. What can we learn from the research?A. Science ability has nothing to do with efforts.B. Students are more motivated by achievement stories.C. Scientists9 struggle stories can influence readers beliefs.D. Low-performing

15、students tend to feel connected to scientists.【答案】12.B13. D 14. B 15. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究人员向九年级和十年级的学生提出“什么样的人可以成为 科学家”这个问题时，几乎每个学生的回答都是“努力学习的人”或“对科学领域感兴趣的人:为了解除 这种误解，研究人员设计了一项干预，即了解更多关于科学家的奋斗可以帮助学生更有动力学习科学，结 果发现，听过任何一种“奋斗故事”的学生在干预后的科学表现都有所提高。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容 “Many of these same student

16、s struggled to imagine themselves as scientists, citing concerns such as Tm not good at science9 and Even if I work hard, I will not do well. Its easy fbr them to see a scientists work as arising from an inborn talent.（同样是这些学生中的许多人都很难将自己想象成科学家，理 由是“我不擅长科学”和“即使我努力工作，也不会做得很好”。他们很容易将科学家的工作视为天生的才 能。）”可知

17、，这些学生认为能够成为科学家是天生的才能，“自己不擅长”或“即使努力也无法做好”这样 的理由可以看作为他们缺乏自信，从而很难将自己想象成科学家。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容 u Researchers at Teachers College, Columbia University and the University of Washington designed an intervention to change students, beliefs that scientific achievement reflects ability rather than ef

18、fort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts.（教师学院、哥伦比亚大学和华盛顿大学的研究人员设计了一种干预措施，让学生了解 有成就的科学家在科学努力中如何努力和克服挑战的故事，从而改变学生们认为科学成就反映的是能力而 不是努力的观念。）”可知，这项干预通过让学生们了解科学家们是如何努力奋斗克服挑战的，以澄清学生对科学工作的误解。故选D项。【14题详解】 词义猜测题。分析可知，非限制性

19、定语从句 “for whom exposure to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories.（对他们来说， 接触奋斗故 事比阅读成就故事的成绩差的学生在科学课上表现更好）”的先行词为“lower performing students（成绩差的 学生）”，因此可知，在“干预”后，接触奋斗故事的成绩差的学生和阅读成就故事的成绩差的学生在科学课 上都有了好的表现，且二者之间通过

20、对比出现了 “更好”，由此可推知，干预对于成绩差的学生效果显著， 因此，“The effect was especially pronounced”应是“效果显著”的意思，由此可推知，“pronounced”应是“明显的，显著的”含义，与选项B “noticeable（显而易见的）”含义相同。故选B项。【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章末尾内容 “By recognizing a scientists struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to accomplish great works, the st

21、udents were able to empathize （共情）with the scientists during their own struggles.（通过认识科学家的奋斗，并介绍他或她在完成伟大工作时所运用的成长心态，学生们能够在科学家的奋斗过程中感同身受。）”可知，通过了解一个科学家的奋斗史，学生们使得自己在奋斗过程中能 够产生与科学家的共鸣，从而能够改变之前的对于科学家工作的误解。由此可推知，科学家的奋斗故事可 以影响读者的信念。故选C项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Le

22、arn to Cite Sources （引用资料）During your university education, youll be exposed to ideas and scientific theories of scholars and scientists.Unavoidably, your own ideas will be shaped by the ideas you come across. 16 That means you should go beyond what you learn in your textbooks or in the library. You

23、r original work is the basis for your professor evaluation of your performance. Thus, academic honesty is fundamental in your university education. It demands that you cite the source materials you base your own work on. 17Correctly citing your sources helps you distinguish your own ideas from those

24、 of other scholars. On the readers9 side, it permits a reader to determine the depth of your research. 18 On the contrary, lack of citing will only raise your readers doubt.So you need to learn when to cite and how to provide an adequate or accurate reference list. If you fail to cite your sources,

25、whether deliberately or carelessly, you will be found responsible for plagiarism （抄袭）.19 If you are not sure, ask your professor for guidance before submitting the paper or report. Keep in mind this general rule: when in doubt, cite!20 For example, students from East Asia may think that copying dire

26、ctly from sources is the proper way to do research. Students in France, preparing for the final examination, may be encouraged to memorize whole passages and copy them into papers. Those cultural differences can lead to false assumptions about academic expectations in the country you study in.A. Som

27、e university students may cheat in different ways.B. These include other scholars9 ideas, figures, graphs and so on.C. The academic challenge you face is to make something original.D. Often, students want to use others opinions to support their own essays.E. It also allows a reader to appreciate you

28、r original contribution to the research.F. For international students it is important to know local academic expectations.G. Not knowing academic regulations is an unacceptable excuse for such behavior.【答案】16.C17. B 18. E 19. G 20. F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。在大学期间，你将接触到学者和科学家的思想和科学理论。不可避免的，你自 己的想法会被你遇到的想法所影响。

29、因此会不可避免需要引用原材料的情况，文章针对如何正确地引用原 材料进行了一些说明和建议。【16题详解】根据下文 That means you should go beyond what you learn in your textbooks or in the library. Your original work is the basis for your professors evaluation of your performance.（这意味着你应该超越你在课本或图书馆学到的东 西。你的原创作品是教授评价你表现的基础。）可推测上文是提出：你所面对的学术挑战是要原创，故选C。 【17题详

30、解】根据上文 It demands that you cite the source materials you base your own work on.（它要求在基于你自 己工作的 基础上引用材料。）下文列举材料包括哪些内容：这些包括其他学者的想法，数字，图表等等。故选B。【18题详解】根据上文 On the readers9 side, it permits a reader to determine the depth of your research.（在读者方面，它允许 读者决定你的研究的深度。）可知是列举引用材料的优点，可对应到E选项：它也能让读者欣赏你对研究的 原创性贡献。故

31、选E。【19题详解】根据下文 If you are not sure, ask your professor for guidance before submitting the paper or report.（如果你不确 定，在提交论文或报告之前向你的教授寻求指导。）可知上文中的不了解学术规章制度并不是抄袭的借口。故选Go【20题详解】 根据下文 For example, students from East Asia may think that copying directly from sources is the proper way to doresearch.例如，东亚的学生可

32、能认为直接从资料中抄袭是做研究的正确方法。可知本段是将对于国际学生来说，了解当地的学术规定是很重要的。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I used to watch her from my kitchen window when she played with boys on the playground. She seemed so small as she 21 her way through the crowd of boys. A sea of child

33、ren, and yet to me, she 22 fromthem all. She 23 to shoot jump shots just over their heads and into the net and no one could stop her.I began to notice her practicing dribbling (运球)and shooting alone over and over again, sometimes until dark.One day I asked her why she practiced so much. Without 24sh

34、e said JT want to play college basketball. Myfather told me if I was good enough, I would get a(n) 25 which was the only way for me to go to college. My Daddy said if the dream was big enough, the facts didnt 26One day in her senior year, I saw her sitting in the grass, head buried in her hands. I27

35、 herdisappointment and I felt my own throat tighten. I sat down in the cool grass beside her and 28asked whatwas wrong. Oh, nothing/9 came a soft 29 I am just too 30 The coach told her that at 5.5 feet she would probably never get to play for a top ranked team. She was heart broken.But after a while

36、, she 31 her head from her hands and told me that her father said those coaches were wrong. They just did not understand the 32 of a dream. He told her that if she really wanted to play for a good college, if she truly wanted a scholarship, nothing could stop her except one thing - her own 33The nex

37、t year, as she and her team went to the Northern California Championship game, she was seen by a college recruiter. She was indeed 34 a scholarship to a Division I, NCAA womens basketball team and her dream came true. The words 35 in my ears again: If the dream is big enough, the facts dont count.21

38、. A. feltB. lostC. overlookedD. muscled22. A. stood outB. came outC. figured outD. made out23. A. intendedB.managedC. expectedD. pretended24. A. satisfactionB. effortC. hesitationD.doubt25. A. scholarshipB. budgetC. allowanceD. reward26. A. careB.countC.spreadD. control27. A. expressed28. A. quietly

39、29. A. step30. A. over-weighted31. A. nodded32. A. meaning33. A. habit34. A. required35. A. inspired【答案】2LD 22. AB.touchedC. sensedD. graspedB. eagerlyC. initiallyD. generouslyB. replyC. reliefD. soundB. tiredC. disappointedD. shortB. turnedC. liftedD. shookB. weightC. powerD. principleB. attitudeC.

40、 heightD. interestB. obtainedC. chosenD. offeredB. receivedC. discoveredD. rang23. B 24. C25. A 26. B 27. C28. A 29. B 30, D31.C 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个喜欢打篮球，希望能通过获得奖学金上大学的女孩如何克服自 己个子矮的不利条件，为了实现梦想而努力奋斗最后获得成功的故事。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当女孩从一群男孩子中间用力挤过去时，她显得那么瘦小。A. felt感觉；B. lost 遗失；C

41、.overlooked忽略；不理会；宽恕；D.muscled用力挤。根据本句“through the crowd of boys （穿过一 群男孩）”可知，女孩需要从一群男孩子中间用力挤过去。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一群孩子，但对我来说，她在他们中间显得特别突出。A. stood out突出； 脱颖而出；B. came out显露；出版；C. figured out想出解决；D. made out起草；说明。根据后句 u She 3 to shoot jump shots just over their heads and into the net and no o

42、ne could stop her.（她的跳投刚好越过他们的头顶进了网，没有人能阻止她）”可知，（操场上）有很多小孩，然而对于作者来说，她在所有 的小孩中最突出。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. intended打算；B. managed成功完成；C. expected期望；预料； D. pretended假装。根据后句“and into the net and no one could stop her.（没有人能阻止她）”可知,她成功的 跳投使球恰好越过他们的头顶飞入篮筐。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她毫不犹豫地说:“我想打大学篮球:A.

43、satisfaction满意;B. effort努力;C hesitation 犹豫；D. doubt怀疑。根据上句“One day I asked her why she practiced so much.（有一天我问她为什么要这么 努力地练习）”可知，有一天作者问她（那个小女孩）为什么这么刻苦练习时，她毫不犹豫地回答了作者。 故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父亲告诉我，如果我足够好，我就会得到奖学金，这是我上大学的唯一途径。A. scholarship 奖学金；B. budget 预算；C. allowance 限额；D. reward 报酬。根据后文“She was

44、indeed 14 a scholarship to a Division I, NCAA womens basketball team and her dream came true （她确实获得了 NCAA 女子 篮球队的奖学金，她的梦想实现了）”可知，她获得了奖学金。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸说过，只要梦想足够远大，风雨不算数。A. care关心；照顾；B. count 计算；视为;重要，有价值;C.spread传播；D. control控制。根据文章最后一段“Ifthe dream is big enough, he facts don* count.（如果

45、梦想足够远大，风雨都不算什么）”可知，如果你的梦想足够远大，现实的问题就没 有那么重要。故选B项。27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感觉到她的失望，我感到自己的喉咙发紧。A. expressed表达；B.touched触 动；C. sensed感觉到；察觉到；D. grasped抓住。根据本句“I felt my own throat tighten.（我感到自己的喉咙 发紧）”可知，作者感受到了女孩的沮丧，觉得自己的喉咙发紧。故选C项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我在她身旁凉爽的草地上坐下，静静地问她怎么了。A. quietly安静地；轻声地;B. eagerly 渴望的；C.

46、 initially 最初地;D. generously 慷慨的。根据后句“Oh, nothing/9 came a so仕9.（哦,没什么，一个温柔的回答）”可知，作者坐到女孩身边冰凉的草地上，轻声问她发生了什么。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：哦，没什么，一个温柔的回答。A. step步骤；步伐；B. reply回复；C relief宽 心；D. sound 声音。根据上句 “I sat down in the cool grass beside her and 8 asked what waswrong.（我在她身旁凉爽的草地上坐下，静静地问她怎么了）”可知，她轻声回答我

47、的问题。故选B项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只是太矮了。A.over-weighted超重的；B. tired疲惫的；C. disappointed失望 的；D. short 短的。根据 “The coach told her that at 5.5 feet she would probably never get to play for a top ranked team.（教练告诉她，身高5.5英尺的她可能永远不会有机会为顶级球队效力）”可知，女孩的教练对她说以她 五英尺五英寸的身材是没有机会去一流的球队打球的，因为太矮了。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：

48、但过了一会儿，她抬起头来告诉我，她父亲说那些教练错了。A. nodded点头；B.turned转变；C. lifted举起；抬起；D.shook颤抖。根据本句“from her hands (从她的手中)”可知，女孩 从臂弯里抬起头，告诉作者，她父亲说那些教练讲得不对。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不懂梦想的力量。A. meaning意义；B.weight重量；C. power力量；D. principle 原则。根据上句told me that her father said those coaches were wrong.(她告诉我她父亲说那些教练错了)”可 知，女孩的父亲告诉女孩那些教练说得不对，他们不懂梦想的力量。故选C项。33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有什么能阻止她，除了她自己的态度。A.habit习惯；B.attitude态度；C. height 高度；D. interest 兴趣。根据本句 “ He t