2022-2023学年安徽省宣城市高一上学期期末调研英语考试（解析版）.docx

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1、宣城市2022-2023学年度第一学期期末调研测试高一英语试题本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题L 5分，满分7. 5分）。听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是C。1. What was Mr. Smith like today?A. He was active. B. He was gentle. C.

2、 He was humorous.2. What is the weather like today?A. Its windy. B. Its sunny. C. If s rainy.3. What is next to the bookstore?A. A hospital. B. A restaurant. C. A bank.4. What does the man do?A. He is a waiter. B. He is a musician. C. He is a driver.5. Where does the conversation probably take place

3、?A. In a pet shop. B. On the street. C. At the mans home.第二节（共15小题;每小题1. 5分,满分22. 5分）听下面五段对话或独白。每段对话和独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What is the purpose of the party?A. To give awards.B. To welcome a new coworker.C. To cele

4、brate Mr. Carters birthday.and air pollution.The research showed that peaks of noise heard inside the classroom, such as the passing of loud trucks or vehicles going faster away from traffic lights, had more influence than a higher average （平均的）level of noise. This may be because the peaks divert at

5、tention more, said Foraster.Prof Iroise Dumontheil, at Birkbeck, University of London, UK, said, “This carefully designed study provides convincing evidence. Considering that many European children living in large cities are exposed to high road- traffic noise levels, this study has suggestions for

6、public policy to cut road-traffic noise near schools/9 12. What is special about the study?A. The method of it is scientific.B. The subjects of it are from different countries.C. The result of it is unexpected and surprising.D. It is about the effect of traffic noise on children.13. Whafs the main i

7、dea of paragraph 4?A. The different forms of pollution.B. The present situation of European cities.C. The influence of noise on peopled health.D. The most damaging environmental factor.14. What will probably be discussed in the next paragraph?A. Related studies to find more convincing evidence.B. Po

8、ssible policies to cut road-traffic noise near schools.C. How to improve school conditions to protect childrens health.D. Health conditions of many European children living in the countryside.15. Where can you read the text probably?A. In a dairy.B. In a textbook.C. In a guide book.D. In a science m

9、agazine.【答案】12.D13.C14. B 15. D【解析】【导语本文是一篇说明文。研究发现：交通噪音会影响孩童的记忆和注意力。文章说明了噪音对于人类 健康的巨大危害以及相关的噪音研究发现。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 “The study of almost 2,700 children aged between 7 and 10 in 38 schools in Barcelona, Spain, is the first to assess the influence of traffic noise on child cognitive development ove

10、r time and to determine the influence of peaks in noise.（这项针对西班牙巴塞罗那38所学校近2700名7至10岁儿童的研 究，首次评估了交通噪音对儿童认知发展的长期影响，并确定了噪音峰值的影响）”可知，此次研究首次评 估交通噪音对儿童认知能力的影响，故此次研究的特殊之处在于它是关于交通噪音对孩子的影响。故选Do【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段 “Noise is the second most damaging environmental factor to health, after air pollution. It was al

11、ready known that noise would increase heart attacks and diabetes in adults. The UN said in February that city noise pollution was growing into a global public health problem”, leading to 12,000 early deaths a year in the EU alone, and influencing many cities from Bangkok to New York.（噪音是仅次于空气污染的第二大对

12、健康有害 的环境因素。人们已经知道，噪音会增加成年人心脏病和糖尿病的发病率。联合国今年2月表示，城市噪 音污染正日益成为一个“全球公共健康问题”，仅在欧盟，每年就有1.2万人过早死亡，并影响着从曼谷 到纽约的许多城市）”可知，本段主要讲噪音对于人类健康的巨大危害。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 uConsidering that many European children living in large cities are exposed to high road-traffic noise levels, this study has suggestions for pu

13、blic policy to cut road-traffic noise near schools.（考虑至 许多生活在大城市的欧洲儿童暴露在高水平的道路交通噪声中，本研究提出了减少学校附近道路交通噪声 的公共政策建议）”可推知，接下来可能会讲一些可能制定的政策来减少学校附近道路的交通噪音。故选【15题详解】 推理判断题。第二段 “The study of almost 2,700 children aged between 7 and 10 in 38 schools in Barcelona,Spain, is the first to assess the influence of t

14、raffic noise on child cognitive development over time and to determine the influence of peaks in noise.（这项针对西班牙巴塞罗那38所学校近2700名7至10岁儿童的研究，首次评 估了交通噪音对儿童认知发展的长期影响，并确定了噪音峰值的影响）”可推知，文章是一份研究报告，最 有可能来自科学杂志。故选D。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。In your life, sometimes you m

15、ay be asked to speak in front of a large group of people. Although it sounds a little scary, even those with stage fright can speak successfully to the group with adequate preparation.Practice your speech before the big day. 16 If possible, practice the speech in front of a friend or family member t

16、o get used to saying it to real people. If you feel you must have note cards, limit the amount to about three cards. This will force you to keep your speech concise and help you keep your eyes focused on your audience.Remember why youve been invited to speak. If youre battling fear over speaking to

17、a large group of people, keep your mind on the fact that you were selected for this important role. The speech organizers must have seen something valuable in you or your expertise. 17Remember that fear of public speaking is very common. 18 Most of the people in the audience would be feeling the sam

18、e fear and stress that you do in your position. Knowing this may make you feel better.19 What you say should be tailored to why youre there and who youre speaking to in order to avoid sounding general. If speaking to a charity group, mention the good work certain specific individuals have done for t

19、he cause. If speaking at a business conference, briefly state why you want to help these people.Keep eye contact with the crowd. 20 Pick one person in each section and look at him while youre speaking. After each important point in your speech, switch your focus to another section. When you focus on

20、ly on one person at a time, the size of the crowd isnt as frightening.A. A good memory is really helpful.B. Show appreciation to your audience.C. Mention your audience in your speech.D. The more you have it memorized, the better.E. In fact, its normal to feel nervous or stressed out before a big spe

21、ech.F. Separate the crowd into three sections mentally as you get up to speak.G. The knowledge of other peoples respect for you should reduce some of the fear.【答案】16.D17. G 18.E19. C 20. F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何在众人面前克服恐惧，进行成功的演讲提出了若干建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Practice your speech before the big day.（在重要的日子到来之前练

22、习你的演讲）”可知，在重要日 子到来之前，练习你的演讲，故该空对上文作补充说明，指出练习是为了更多记得，故D选项“你记住的 越多，越好”切题，故选D。【17题详解】根据上文 u Remember why youve been invited to speak. If youre battling fear over speaking to a large group of people, keep your mind on the fact that you were selected for this important role. The speech organizers must ha

23、ve seen something valuable in you or your expertise.（记住你被邀请来演讲的原因。如果你正为在一大群人面前演 讲而感到恐惧，请记住你是被选中担任这个重要职位的。演讲组织者一定是在你身上看到了一些有价值的 东西或你的专业知识）”可知，上文提到演讲组织者一定是看中了你的价值，或是你的专业知识才邀请你 的，故该空承接上文，说明这一行为的影响：其他人会因此对你尊敬，你也会减少一些恐惧。故G选项“知道别人对你的尊重应该会减少一些恐惧”切题，故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Remember that fear of public speaking is v

24、ery common.（记住，害怕公开演讲是很常见的）”可知， 上文指出公开演讲的害怕是非常普遍的，该空承接上文，即说明在重要的演讲之前，感到紧张或是有压力 是正常的，故E选项“事实上，在重要的演讲之前，感到紧张或是有压力是正常的”切题，故选E。【19题详解】根据后文 u What you say should be tailored to why youre there and who youre speaking to in order to avoid sounding general. If speaking to a charity group, mention the good w

25、ork certain specific individuals have done for the cause. If speaking at a business conference, briefly state why you want to help these people.（你说的话应该根 据你来那里的原因和你的谈话对象量身定做，以免听起来很笼统。如果对慈善团体讲话，提及某些特定的 人为慈善事业所做的好事。如果是在商业会议上发言，简单说明你为什么想要帮助这些人）”可知，这一段 主要讲了在演讲中，要提到你的听众，C选项“在演讲中提到你的观众”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据后文

26、 “Pick one person in each section and look at him while youre speaking. After each important point in your speech, switch your focus to another section. When you focus only on one person at a time, the size of the crowd isnt as frightening.（在每个部分选出一个人，在你说话 时候看着他。在你演讲的每一个重点之后， 把你的注意力转移到另一个部分。当你一次只关注一

27、个人的时候，人群的规模就不那么可怕了）”可知，后 文提到了 section,可与F选项中three sections对应，说明把演讲分为三个部分。故F选项“当你演讲口寸， 在精神上把人群分成三个部分”切题，故选F。【点睛】关于小标题的选择七选五题型空格的设计主要分布在句首、句中、句尾，另一种就是小标题的空格设计。凡是作为标题的句 子，一定要短小精悍，概括性强，多数用祈使句。本文第4空是主题句，相当于一个小标题。Mention your audience in your speech.为本段主题句， 根据空后句 mention the good work state 和 state why yo

28、u want to help these people可知C项合适，F项为干扰项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Learn to meet challengeMy classmates called me nthe alien1. As a young boy, I 21 from a serious skin disease, which filled my arms with scars. The true 22 of my condi

29、tion, however, was social: I lived a life of loneliness. Doctors predicted that I would never fully recover, but my parents encouraged me to hope for the future. I therefore took a (n)23 role in fighting against my disease, trying many medication and herbs, and my health 24greatly before I graduated

30、.Years later, like my personal battle against disease, I learnt a great deal about 25 by overcoming difficulties. I joined the Culture Club as a Special Event Director. I 26 a group of six students in organising various activities. I was the most advanced ESL student among the group, so I considered

31、 myself the most capable. But I quickly learnt my 27, While preparing for our first presentation, I was strict with my team membersand often refused their 28. I performed most of their tasks myself, allowing them to 29 me only withsmall details. As result, the presentation was not very successful, w

32、hich 30 me, and I spoke of it to theclubs director. She responded that she 31 my ability to succeed in the future. This comment filled mewith 32, for I realized that I had never trusted my own team members. Although they were weak inEnglish, they had many valuable talents. I immediately 33 my policy

33、, allowing my team members tochoose the tasks and complete them on their own. For our programme, we had many meetings, which gave34 to many good ideas. I learnt what true leadership is.My experiences 35 improved my ability to handle challenging situation.21. A. judgedB. sufferedC. preventedD. separa

34、ted22. A. painB. signC. valueD. meaning23. A. importantB. differentC. leadingD. active24. A. developedB. improvedC. increasedD. removed25 A. abilityB. qualityC. leadershipD. friendship26. A. taughtB. foundC. managedD. followed27. A. mistakeB. methodC. effortD. right28. A. desiresB. talentsC. ideasD.

35、 tasks29. A. remindB. guideC. showD. help30. A. discouragedB. disturbedC. encouragedD. educated31. A. adoptedB. admiredC. trustedD. tested32. A. surprise33. A. deleted34. A. birthB. delightB. changedB. hand35. A. instantlyB. indirectly【答案】21.B22. A 23. D 24. BC. prideC. regrettedC. giftC. unusually2

36、5. C 26. C 27. AD. hopeD. consideredD. riseD. undoubtedly28. C 29. D 30. A 31.C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述自己小时候患有严重的皮肤病，但通过积极治疗，健康状况大有好 转。后来，作者像与病魔的斗争一样学会了很多关于领导方面的才能，但由于缺乏对成员的信任，导致很 失败。最终，作者通过自己的亲身经历学会了面对挑战。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，我患了一种严重的皮肤病，我的手臂上满是伤疤。A. judged判断；B. suffer

37、ed遭受；C.prevented阻止；D.separated分开。suffer from是固定词组，意思是 “患病，遭受痛苦”。根据uwhich filled my arms with scars/,可知，作者患上了严重的皮肤病。故选B。 【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的处境的真正痛苦来自社会：我过着孤独的生活。A.pain疼痛；B. sign 迹象；C. value 价值；D. meaning 意义。the true pain 真正的痛苦。根据 however, was social: I lived a life of loneliness.可知，然而，作者的真正痛苦是过着

38、孤独的生活。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，我在与我的疾病作斗争中发挥了积极作用，尝试了许多药物和草药， 我的健康在毕业前大大改善了。A. important重要的；B. different不相同的；C.leading主要的；D. active 积极的。take an active role 积极参加。根据 “ trying many medications and herbs, and my health 4greatly before I graduated.,可知，作者在抗击疾病方面发挥了积极的作用。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我在与我的疾病

39、作斗争中发挥了积极作用，尝试了许多药物和草药，我 的健康在毕业前大大改善了。A. developed发展；B.improved提高；C.increased增长；D. removed移除。根据 I therefore took a/an 3 role in fighting against my disease, trying many medications and herbs, “ 可知，由于作者的积极治疗，作者的健康状况大有好转。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，就像我个人与疾病的斗争一样，我通过克服困难学到了很多关于领 导力的知识。A. ability 能力;B.

40、quality 质量；C leadership 领导能力；D. friendship 友谊。根据 Years later, like my personal battle against disease, I learned a great deal about 5 by overcoming difficulties.可知，就像克服困难战胜病魔一样，作者克服困难学会了一些领导才能。且下文的“I learnt what true leadership is/?也是提示。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我管理过一个六人的小组，组织各种各样的活动。A. taught教；B. foun

41、d发 现；C.managed管理；D. followed跟随。根据al learnt what true leadership is/?可知，在组织各种活动时作 者负责六名学生。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我很快就意识到了自己的错误。A. mistake错误；B.method方法;C. effort 努力；D. right 权利。 根据 I was the most advanced ESL student among the group, so I considered myself the most capable.”和转折词but可知，作者很快认识到自己的错误。故选A

42、。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在准备我们的第一次演讲时，我对我的团队成员要求严格，经常拒绝他们的想 法。A. desires 渴望；B. talents 才能；C. ideas 主意；D. tasks 任务。根据下文 “For our programme, we had many meetings, which gave 14 to many good ideas.”提示可知，作者对他的团队成员很严格，并且 经常拒绝他们的想法。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我自己完成了他们的大部分任务，只允许他们在小细节上帮助我。A. remind提 醒；B. guide 指导；C.

43、 show 显示；D. help 帮助。help sb. with sth.帮助某人某事。根据 I performed most of their tasks myself,可知，作者自己完成了大部分的任务，只允许他们在小细节上帮助他。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果，这个演示不是很成功，这让我很沮丧，我跟俱乐部的主管说了这件事。A. discouraged 使丧失信心；B. disturbed 干扰；C. encouraged 鼓励；D. educated 教育。根据 u As result, the presentation was not veiy successful

44、/,可知，挫折使作者气馁。故选 A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她回答说，她相信我有能力在未来取得成功。A. adopted采纳，抱养；B. admired 钦佩；C. trusted 信任；D. tested 测试。根据 for I realized that I had never trusted my own team members.可知，主管相信作者有在未来取得成功的能力。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个评论让我很惊讶，因为我意识到我从来没有信任过自己的团队成员。A. surprise 惊讶;B. delight 高兴；C. pride 自豪；D. hop

45、e 希望。根据 “for I realized that I had never trusted myown team members.可知，主管的话让作者很惊讶，因为作者从来没有信任过自己的团队成员。故选A。 【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立即改变了我的策略，允许我的团队成员选择任务并自己完成它们。A. deleted 删除；B. changed 改变；C. regretted 后悔；D. considered 考虑。根据 uallowing my team members to choose the tasks they desired and to complete them

46、on their own.” 可知，作者立即改变了 自己的策略。故选 Bo【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于我们的节目，我们开了很多会，产生了很多好的想法。A. birth出生；B. hand 手；C. gift 礼物；D. rise 上升。give birth to 产生。根据 For our program, we had many meetings” 可 知，作者通过很多会议，使得成员们产生了许多好的想法。故选A。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的经历无疑提高了我应对挑战的能力。A. instantly立刻；B.indirectly间接 地；C. unusually 通常

47、；D. undoubtedly 毫无疑问地。根据 I learnt what true leadership is.” 可知，作者的 经历无疑提高了自己处理挑战性问题的能力。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Now I have become a senior high school student and this means I have an opportunity to become a different person, a much better one! Tve decided to set

48、new 36 (goal) myself! I think I will need to play more sports. I plan to run every day in order to have a 37 (power) body. I even look forward to 38 (run) an exciting half marathon.One thing I really want to change is the time I spend in the online world and its time to get out of it and make a 39 (different) in the real world. In fact, up until this year I might have been described as 40 Internet addict! I spent h