2022-2023学年吉林省吉林市第一中学高二上学期期末测试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、21级高二上（线上）阶段性测试考试（英语）试卷注意：L英语学科考试时间为13:0015:00,智学网提交时间为15:0015:10。2.听力播放时间为14:4015:00（自行播放，但不能提前）。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What color clothes does the man prefer wearing?A. Dark blue. B. Yellow.C.

2、Black.2. What does the man need?A. A pass for a subway train.B. Directions to a subway station.C. A ticket for a long-distance train.3. What does Terry want Jenny to do?C. Give his money back.A. Lend him a bank card. B. Teach him to use an app.4. What will the woman do next?C. Look at the menu.A. Ha

3、ve another drink. B. Pay for her meal.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A book. B. Report cards.C. Famous authors.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What is Johns opinio

4、n of working in the office?A. It is more fun. B. It is quite noisy.C. It is too busy.7. What does Alice probably like to do at lunchtime?A. Talk with others. B. Rest in the office.C. Take a walk.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?【答案】12.C13. B 14. D 15. A【解析】【导语

5、】这是一篇说明文。文章强调了在疫情期间对于孤独的研究的重要性，并介绍了研究结果，提出了 应对建议。【12题详解】词句猜测题。戈II线词句后半部分“an increasing number of health professionals are concerned about the mental and physical health risks associated with loneliness.（越来越多的卫生专业人员担心与孤独相关的心理和身体健康 风险）”说明关注孤独造成的身心健康问题的专业人员越来越多，说明孤独问题更加严重了，从而推知划线 部分 “With the pandemic

6、exacerbating loneliness issues （随着疫情 exacerbating孤独问题）”故其中划线词汇应 为“使更严重”的意思，选项C 使变得更糟糕”与之意义最为接近。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中 Perissinotto 所说 “If your solitude （独处）is a choice and you have people who can support you if you need help, there is no saying you cant live a happy life.（如果你选择独处，当你需要帮助的时 候有人会支持你，没

7、有人说你就不能过上快乐的生活）”可知，Perissinotto认为选择独处的人不一定会感到 不快乐。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 uHawkley divides connections into three primary types and holds that loneliness can stem from the sensing of a lack of any of them. （Hawkley将联系分为三种主要类型,并认为孤独可能源于感 觉缺少某种联系）”以及最后一段中 “It is suggested that one identify what kind

8、 of loss of connection his loneliness is coming from and then evaluate the quality of his various relationships.（建议一个人确定他的孤独来自于什么样 的联系缺失，然后评估他的各种关系的质量）”等可知，认识到自己缺失的联系有助于应对孤独。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“During the most worldwide pandemic （流行病）in a century, its time to take a closer look at what may result

9、 in loneliness. tcA common belief is that the loneliest people are those who are alone; actually, its important to separate the two. said Dr. Perissinotto, a professor at the University of California. Kids with their families can be lonely because they cant see the friends at school; people who are

10、not physically isolated can feel lonely because the community doesnt welcome them in; and older adults can experience loneliness through death of a loved one.” What leads to loneliness is much deeper than being alone.（在一个世纪以来最全球性的疫情期间， 是时候仔细看看可能导致孤独的原因了。“人们普遍认为，最孤独的人是那些独身的人；事实上，把两者分 开很重要。加州大学教授佩里斯诺托

11、说。“和家人在一起的孩子可能会感到孤独，因为他们在学校看不到朋 友；那些没有被隔离的人会感到孤独，因为社区不欢迎他们加入；老年人会因为爱人的去世而感到孤独。” 导致孤独的原因比独自一人更深）”结合文章强调了在疫情期间对于孤独的研究的重要性，并介绍了研究结 果，提出了应对建议。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是孤独的原因和应对方法。故选A。第二节 供5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Climate change has increased average temperatures by 1 over the pas

12、t century, making heat waves more frequent and intense than those from any other point in recorded history. 16 A study published in the journal Nature Climate Change found global warming responsible for 37 percent of heat-related deaths between 1991 and 2018.The following is what happens if youre th

13、e next to be killed. First, your brain sends a series of messages to your sweat glands telling them to increase sweat production. Then your heart starts beating faster to pump blood to the skin while blood flow is directed away from important organs（器官）like your liver, kidneys and gut. 17If heat str

14、oke occurs, your body might get hot and direct so much oxygen-rich blood to the skin that it suffocates（把闷死）vital internal organs. If your body fails to cool you down, its internal temperature might start to climb from a normal level to about 104 degrees. 18 You may feel it start as a dull headache.

15、 Before long, you might lose consciousness. Your brain might begin to swell.While you struggle to stay awake and avoid dizzying confusion, the excessive internal heat is damaging your gut, consequently causing an inflammatory（发炎的）response.19Thats just part of what we know about how extreme heat kill

16、s you. 20 A lot of what we know comes from studies on animal models, like mice and rats, or from examinations of people dying of heat stroke.A. As the heat rises quickly, so does the death number.B. Thats because we cant study it in humans in the laboratory.C. As temperatures tick ever higher, that

17、figure may well rise.D. At that temperature, your brain becomes affected.E. Surviving the organ failure might require an emergency transplant.F. Sometimes that alone is enough to create problems for a weak or aging heart.G. Left untreated, what follows is a flood of organ failure that leads to your

18、death.【答案】16.A17. F 18. D 19. G 20. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了极端高温导致人类生病或死亡的原因。【16题详解】根据空后的 “A study published in the journal Nature Climate Change found global warming responsible for 37 percent of heat-related deaths between 1991 and 2018.（发表在自然气候变化杂志上的一项研究发现，1991 年至2018年期间，37%的热相关死亡是由全球变暖造成的。）”可是，前文

19、应该强调的是热浪造成死亡即二 者之间的正关系。A选项“As the heat rises quickly, so does the death number.（随着气温迅速上升死亡人数也随 之上升）”符合语境，引起下文。故选A。【17题详解】根据前文的 “Then your heart starts beating faster to pump blood to the skin while blood flow is directed away from important organs（器官）like your liver, kidneys and gut.（然后你的心跳开始加快，将血液泵

20、入皮肤，而血液则 从肝脏、肾脏和肠道等重要器官流向别处。）”可知，此处从热浪对身体各个器官产生影响的机理入手，对 热浪造成死亡的原因进行分析，由此后文应该阐述的该消极影响所产生的后果。F选项“Sometimesthatalone is enough to create problems for a weak or aging heart.（有时，这本身就足以给虚弱或衰老的心脏带来问题。）” 中的 that 指代的是前文中 “ First, your brain sends a series of messages to your sweat glands telling them to inc

21、rease sweat production.（首先，你的大脑向汗腺发送一系列信息，告诉它们增加汗液的分泌。）”或“Then your heart starts beating faster to pump blood to the skin while blood flow is directed away from important organs（器官）like your liver, kidneys and gut.（然后你的心跳开始加快，将血液泵入皮肤，而血液则从肝脏、肾脏和肠道等重要 器官流向别处。）”的任何一种情况，符合句意。故选F。【18题详解】根据前文的 “If your b

22、ody fails to cool you down, its internal temperature might start to climb from a normal level to about 104 degrees.（如果你的身体不能给你降温，它的内部温度可能会从正常水平攀升到104华氏度左右。）” 可知，后文强调身体内部温度可能会从正常水平攀升到104华氏度左右的结果。D选项“At that temperature, your brain becomes affected.（在那种温度下，你的大脑会受到影响。）”中的that temperature与前文呼应。故 选D【19题详

23、解】根据前文 u While you struggle to stay awake and avoid dizzying confusion, the excessive internal heat is damaging your gut, consequently causing an inflammatory（发炎的）response当你努力保持清醒，避免眼花缭乱的混乱时, 过多的内热正在损害你的肠道，从而导致炎症反应。）”可知，后文应该承接的是应该及时治疗由内热正在 损害你的肠道，从而导致炎症，否则会造成死亡。Gu Left untreated, what follows is a f

24、lood of organ failurethatleadst。your death.（如果不及时治疗，随之而来的是大量器官衰竭，最终导致死亡。）”符合语境。故选 Go【20题详解】根据后文的 “ A lot of what we know comes from studies on animal models, like mice and rats, or from examinations of people dying of heat stroke.（我们知道的很多信息都来自于对动物模型的研究，比如小鼠和大鼠，或者来自 对中暑死亡者的检查。）”可知，关于极端高温造成人类死亡的原因我们仅仅

25、其中一部分的原因，是因为我 们所获得的很多信息都来自于对动物模型的研究，因为我们不能对人类机体本身进行研究。故B选项“Thats because we cant study it in humans in the laboratory.（这是因为我们无法在实验室中对人类进行研究。）”承上 启下。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Amy Jandrisevits knows the value of a good dolL Dolls have a 21

26、 we dont completely understand/9 she told The Today Show. Ifs a 22 she came to while working as a pediatric oncology （儿科肿瘤学）social worker, using dolls to help children adapt to their medical situations. Many of the kids saw themselves in those dolls.23, for the kids missing an arm or who had lost th

27、eir hair, there were none they could relate to.So, seven years ago, when a friend revealed that her child was transgender （跨性另的）,Jandrisevits knew what might help the youth through this 24 period. Its hard to tell a kid, You are perfect the way you are/ but25 offer them anything that looks like them

28、,“ she says.Jandrisevits 26 changing that. She made a doll by hand that looked like her firiends child and sent it off. After the friend 27 a photo online of the happy child and the doll, another woman asked Jandrisevits to make a doll for her baby, who was missing a leg.Word 28, and soon Jandrisevi

29、ts was making dolls for children with scars, birthmarks and facialdeformities （畸形）一 29 a doll that looked like them. She 30 her job and started a nonprofit, A Doll Like Me.Working at home, it takes Jandrisevits 31 seven hours to make each doll. A GoFundMe page helps her 32 the costs. She hasnt 33-fo

30、r a doll since she began her nonprofit.In all shes made more than 400 dolls. The waiting list is long, but Jandrisevits is 34. As she explainson her GoFundMe page, Every kid, 35 gender, age, or medical issue, should look into the sweet face of a doll and see their own.”21. A. faceB. fateC. powerD. q

31、uality22. A. decisionB. positionC. confusionD. conclusion23. A. ThereforeB. HoweverC. BesidesD. Moreover24. A. frighteningB. touchingC. challengingD. astonishing25. A. sometimesB. neverC. alwaysD. occasionally26. A. went afterB. went againstC. went aboutD. went through27. A. postedB.shotC. downloade

32、dD. selected28. A. countedB. escapedC. failedD.spread29. A. by contrastB. in additionC. in shortD. after all30. A. landedB. quitC. soughtD. lost31. A. merelyB. exactlyC. definitelyD. roughly32. A. coverB. analyzeC. calculateD. increase33. A. chargedB. paidC. accountedD. allowed34. A. tiredB. unsatis

33、fiedC. defeatedD. unbowed35. A. aside fromB. regardless ofC. rather thanD. due to【答案】21.C22. D23. B 24. C25. B 26. C 27. A28. D 29. C 30. BD 32. A 33. A34. D 35. B31.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了 Jandrisevits专做“有缺陷”的玩具娃娃，给无数有缺陷的孩 子带去温暖。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“玩具娃娃有一种我们不完全理解的力量，”她告诉今日秀。A.face脸；B. fate 命运；C.po

34、wer力量；D. quality质量。根据下文“we dont completely understand”可知，玩具娃娃有一种我 们不完全理解的力量。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是她在担任儿科肿瘤社会工作者时得出的结论，她使用玩具娃娃帮助孩子适 应他们的医疗状况。A. decision决定；B.position位置;C.confusion困惑;D.conclusion结论。come to a conclusion 得出结论。根据上文 “Dolls have a 1 we dont comDletely understand” 可知，Jandrisevits 在 做儿科肿

35、瘤社工时得出这样的结论一一玩具娃娃有一种我们不完全理解的力量。故选D项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，对于那些失去一只胳膊或失去头发的孩子来说，它们没有任何关系。A. Therefore 因此;B. However 然而；C. Besides 此夕卜；D. Moreover 止匕夕卜。结合上文“ Many of the kids saw themselves in those dolls”（许多孩子在那些洋娃娃身上看到自己）可知，此处前后为转折关系，故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，七年前，当一位朋友透露她的孩子是跨性别者时，Jandrisevits知道什

36、么可以帮助这个年轻人度过这个充满挑战的时期。A. frightening恐怖的；B. touching感人的；C. challenging 挑战性的；D. astonishing 令人惊讶的。结合上文 u when a friend revealed that her child was transgender可知, 孩子是跨性别者，这对孩子来说是有挑战性的，故选C项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“很难告诉一个孩子，你现在这样就很完美，但从不给他们任何看起来像他 们的东西，”她说。A.sometimes有时;B.never从不;C.always总是；D.occasionally偶尔。

37、根据上文“You are perfect the way you are和“but”表转折可知，此处表示“从不”，即很难在从不给他们任何看起来像他 们的东西的前提下，告诉他们是完美的。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Jandrisevits试图改变这一点。A. went after追赶；B. went against反对；C. went about 着手；D. went through 经历 o结合下文“She made a doll by hand that looked like her friends child and sent itoff”（她亲手做了一个娃娃，看

38、起来像她朋友的孩子，然后把它送了出去）可知，Jandrisevits在着手改变， 故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Jandrisevits的朋友在网上发布了一张快乐的孩子和可爱的玩具娃娃的照片后， 另一个女人让Jandrisevits做一个看起来像她的孩子的玩具娃娃，她的孩子刚刚失去了一条腿。A. posted发 布；B. shot射击；C. downloaded下载；D. selected选择。根据后文“a photo online”可知，将照片发布到网 上。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：消息传开了，很快她就开始为有伤疤、胎记和面部障碍的孩子制作娃娃一一简

39、 而言之，就是一个看起来像他们的玩具娃娃。A. counted数数；C. failed失败；D. spread 传播。结合下文 “soon Jandrisevits was making dolls for children with scars, birthmarks and facial deformities v 可知，此处表示消息传开，很多人找Jandrisevits做像自己孩子的玩具娃娃。故选D项。【29题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：消息传开了，很快她就开始为有伤疤、胎记和面部障碍的孩子制作娃娃一一 简而言之，就是一个看起来像他们的玩具娃娃。A. by contrast对比;B

40、. in addition另外；C.in short总之、简 而言之；D. after all 毕竟。根据上文 “and soon she was making dolls for children with scars, birthmarks, facial disorders和下文a doll that looked like them?,可知,后句是对前句总结。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她辞掉工作，成立了一个“像我一样的玩具娃娃”非营利组织。A.landed着陆; B.quit放弃、离开（工作职位、学校等）；C.sought寻找；D. lost失去。根据下文“and

41、 started a nonprofit, A Doll Like Me可知，她辞掉手头上的工作去创办帮助有缺陷孩子的非营利组织。故选B项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在家工作，Jandrisevits制作每个娃娃大约需要七个小时。A. merely仅仅；B. exactly 确切地；C. definitely明确地；D.roughly大致；大约。结合语境可知，此处表示制作每个娃娃大约需要七个 小时，故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个GoFundMe网页帮助她支付费用。A. cover足以支付；B. analyze分析；C. calculate itD. incre

42、ase增加。结合上文started a nonprofit可知，她没有收入，可推测网页帮助她支付 费用，故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从她开始这个非营利组织以来，她还没有对一个玩具娃娃收费。A.charged要 价；收费；B. paid 支付；C. accounted 解释；D. allowed 允许。结合上文“a nonprofit” 和 “AGoFundMe page helps her 12 the costs,可知，她创办的是非营利组织，GoFundMe网页帮助她支付费用，可得出她没 有对玩具洋娃娃收取费用，故选A项。34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：等待的名单

43、很长，但Jandrisevits不放弃。A.tir形疲惫的;B. unsatisfied不满 意的；C.defeated打败的;D.unbowed不屈服的。结合上文“The waiting list is long”和“but”可知，单子 虽然很长，但她并没有屈服，故选D项。【35题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：正如她在她的GoFundMe页面上解释的那样，“每个孩子，无论种族、年龄、 医疗问题或体型，都应该看着玩具娃娃甜美的脸，看到自己的笑脸JA. aside from除之外；B. regardless of不管,无论;C.rather than而不是；D.dueto由于。结合语境和a

44、Every kid可知,此处表示“无论种族、 年龄、医疗问题或体型”，故选B项。第二节单词拼写（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）36. The committee includes（代表）from different countries.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】representatives【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：委员会包括来自不同国家的代表。根据汉语提示“代表”可知，此处应用可数 名词representative的复数作宾语，表泛指。故填representatives。37. The report（突出）the major problems facing societ

45、y today.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】highlights【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：这份报告强调了当今社会面临的主要问题。根据汉语提示可知应填动词highlight, 结合today可知为一般现在时，主语为report,谓语用第三人称单数。故填highlights。38. She has kept up physical training for several years without（中断）.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】interruption【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：几年来，她一直不间断地进行体育锻炼。根据汉语提示“中断”以及前文Without 可知，此处应用

46、名词interruption（不可数），作介词宾语。故填interruption。39. The furniture managed to combine practicality with（优雅）.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】elegance【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这些家具设法将实用性与优雅性结合起来。根据汉语提示“优雅”及前文w汕 可知，此处应用名词elegance（不可数）作介词宾语。故填elegance。40. There is a general（承认，认可）of the urgent need for reform.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】recognition

47、【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：人们普遍认识到迫切需要改革。根据汉语提示“承认，认可”及前文不定冠词a 可知，此处应用名词单数recognition作主语。故填recognition041. . Its no trouble at all; on the（相反）,it will be a great pleasure to help you.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】contrary【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这一点都不麻烦；相反，能帮助你将是一件非常愉快的事。根据汉语提示“相 反”可知，此处应用名词contrary作介词宾语，on the contrary是固定短语。故填cont

48、rary。42. （批判的）thinking is important and stops us from making poor choices.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】Critical【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：批判性思维很重要，它能阻止我们做出糟糕的选择。根据汉语提示可知应填 形容词critical,作定语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Critical。43. The girl（大声叫）with excitement as I told her of my secret plans.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】screamed【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：当我告诉那个女孩我的秘密计划时，她兴奋地尖叫起来。根据汉语提示可知应 填动词scream,根据told可知为一般过去时。故填screamedo44. She changed into a more（舒适的）position