2022-2023学年安徽省淮北市第一中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、淮北一中20222023学年度高一年级第一学期期末考试英语试卷满分：150分考试时间：120分钟第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How will the man travel there?A. By air.B. By ship.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Have you got your train ticke

2、t yet?M: No, not yet. Tve decided to fly there.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a store.B. At a restaurant.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Waiter, wed like to order now.M: Yes?W: Which salad do you recommend?M: rd suggest the Chefs Delight.3 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What was the

3、woman probably trying to do?A. Play a tape recorder.B. Repair a typewriter.C. By train.C. At a supermarket.C. Take a picture.【答案】A【解析】原文M:Did you check the power plug and press the play button?provided endless hours of fun for a city kid like me.（当我还是个孩子的时候，没有什么比在宾夕法尼亚州西部 祖父的农场里度过周日下午更让我喜欢的了。房子和田地被绵

4、延数英里的蜿蜒石墙环绕着，为像我这样的 城市孩子提供了无尽的乐趣可知，作者喜欢去农场是因为他可以在那里体验到新的乐趣。故选B项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后两句 “Fred, he said, smiling, you made this day a special day just by being yourself. Always remember, theres only one person in this whole world like you, and I like you exactly as you are.（“弗雷德，”他微笑着说，“你做了你自己，使今天

5、成为一个特别的日子。永远记住，这个世界上只有 一个人喜欢你，我喜欢真实的你J）”可知，作者的祖父支持他遵从自己的内心。故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段I want to climb the stone walls/91 said. Heavens, no! Youll hurt yourself!The response was just as Id expected. But before I left the room, I was stopped by my grandfather loud voice. Now hold on just a minute?,I hea

6、rd him say. Let the boy climb the stone walls. He has to learn to do things for himself （“我想爬上石墙。”我说。“天，不!你会伤到自己的！”大家的反应和我预料的一样。但在我离开房间之前, 我被祖父的大声的声音打断了。“现在请稍等一下J我听见他说。“让孩子爬上石墙。他必须学会自己做 事。”）”可推知，祖父是一个非常开明的人。故选B项。27题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一句 Theres only one person in this whole world like you,“ the kids will

7、 hear me say, and people can like you exactly as you are.（这个世界上只有一个人喜欢你，”孩子们会听到我说，“人们 会喜欢真实的你。）”结合作者与祖父之间的故事可知，本文主要围绕着“做你自己就好”这一主题。故选C 项。CTime to load up some popular games: new research indicates pigs have the mental capability to play video games. The study, published in Frontiers in Psychology, t

8、ested the ability of four pigs （Hamlet, Omelette, Ebony and Ivory） to play a simple joystick （操纵杆）game with their noses, moving a cursor （光标）to four targets on the screen. Although the animals didnt show the skills to win a round any time, they did show an understanding of some simple games. Perform

9、ing well not by chance, the pigs appeared to recognize that the movement of the cursor was controlled by the joystick. The fact that they did so well although they didnt have flexible fingers is extraordinary”, according to the researchers.That pigs can do this should give us pause about what else t

10、hey are capable of learning and how such learning may influence them,“ said Purdue Universitys Dr Candace Croney, the study9s lead author.Researchers also noted that while the pigs could be taught to play the game using food as positive motivation, they also responded well to social interaction. In

11、fact, when the game was made more challenging and the pigs became unwilling to participate in it, only encouraging words from the experimenter would make the pigs continue their training.These findings are the latest to highlight the intelligence and learning abilities of pigs. Not only have they be

12、en shown to use mirrors to find hidden food, but studies have also shown how pigs can be taught to come and sit” after oral commands.As with any sentient （有感觉力的）beings, how we interact with pigs and what we do to them influences and matters to them. We therefore have a duty to further understand how

13、 pigs get information and what they are capable of learning and remembering, because this may help them understand their interactions with us and their environments.28. What can be learned from Paragraph 1?A. The pigs knew a lot about the video games.B. The pigs operated joysticks with their noses.C

14、. The pigs competed with each other in the games.D. The pigs sometimes performed well by chance.29. What made researchers believe pigs socially interacted well?A. Their being inspired by human words.B. Their being driven by food.C. Their being willing to keep trying.D. Their being stopped by challen

15、ges.30. Which of the following statement is true according to the passage?A Pigs cant play video games for lack of flexible fingers.B. When playing games, pigs can win a round at any time.C. The research suggests that pigs are very friendly animals.D. When games are difficult pigs are unwilling to p

16、lay them.31. What will researchers probably focus on in the next stage of their experiment ?A. How pigs learn to play challenging games.B. How pigs improve their learning ability.C. How pigs manage to get information.D. How pigs adapt to their living environment.【答案】28.B29. A 30. D 31. C【解析】【导语】本文是一

17、篇说明文。文章介绍了研究新发现，猪有学习玩视频游戏的能力，由此展开更详细的研 究过程，并指出接下来的研究方向。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 “The study, published in Frontiers in Psychology, tested the ability of four pigs （Hamlet, Omelette, Ebony and Ivoiy） to play a simple joystick （操纵杆）game with their noses, moving a cursor （光标）to four targets on the screen.（这项发

18、表在心理学前沿上的研究测试了四只猪（哈姆雷特、煎蛋、乌木和象牙）用鼻 子玩一个简单的操纵杆游戏的能力，将光标移动到屏幕上的四个目标上。）”可知，这些猪是用鼻子控制操 纵杆的。故选B。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段 u Researchers also noted that while the pigs could be taught to play the game using food as positive motivation, they also responded well to social interaction. In fact, when the game was ma

19、de more challenging and the pigs became unwilling to participate in it, “only encouraging words from the experimenter would make the pigs continue their training.（研究人员还指出，虽然可以教猪用食物作为积极的动力来玩游戏， 但它们对社交互动的反应也很好。事实上，当游戏变得更具挑战性，猪变得不愿意参与时.，“只有实验者鼓 励的话”才能让猪继续它们的训练。）”可知，作者举例说猪不愿玩稍困难的游戏时，鼓励的话会使它们继续 玩来说明猪和人也有

20、社交互动的。故选A。【30题详解】细节理解题。 根据第三段“In fact, when the game was made more challenging and the pigs became unwilling to participate in it, “only encouraging words from the experimenter would make the pigs continue their training.（事实 上，当游戏变得更具挑战性，猪变得不愿意参与时丁 “只有实验者鼓励的话”才能让猪继续它们的训练。）” 可知，当游戏难度大一些时，猪们不愿意玩了，D项中d

21、ifficult和该句中的challenging意义相近，participate in参与这个游戏，也就是玩这个游戏，所以D项内容符合文章提到的细节。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后段“We therefore have a duty to further understand how pigs get information and what they are capable of learning and remembering, because this may help them understand their interactions with us and their

22、environments因此，我们有责任进一步了解猪是如何获取信息的，以及它们能够学习和记忆什么，因为这 可能有助于它们理解它们与我们和环境的相互作用。）”可推测，接下来这些研究人员将会对猪获取信息的 方式方法进行研究。故选C。DA long-nosed fur seal that was tagged in Tasmania as a baby seal has suddenly turned up in Victoria 25 years later, causing a rethink of how long the animal can survive in the wild.The

23、male fur seal was tagged with an obvious 830” marking on its right side of the body in 1996. The marking recently caught the attention of Victorian wildlife officers who tried to find out where the seal was from and who once put the little seal there.“We were excited to respond to this call and gain

24、 important updated information from research activities done more than 20 years ago J said the Tasmanian Environment Department marine biologist Sam Thalmann/Scientists used to think the animals can live for at most 19 years, but this sighting of the fur seal 25 years after it was marked provides ex

25、citing new knowledge about the longest lifespan for wild fur seals in Australia. Mr Thalmann said the seal also surprised the researchers in other ways. “We see a lot of old male fur seals that are past their best years of health and move along the Tasmanian coast as they reach their end of life, bu

26、t this seal tells another story,“ he said. “Unlike others, it may continue to live in good health for years to come.Long-nosed fur seals are found around the coasts of southeastern Australia, southern NSW and New Zealand. The Tasmanian Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment s

27、aid long-nosed fur seals were once close to complete disappearance due to the fur trade in the 1800s. But in 1987, the species reappeared in Tasmanian waters and formed a breeding group on Maatsuyker Island, about 10km off the states south coast. In the wild, seals are eaten by several species of sh

28、arks including the white shark.The species is now still protected and listed as rare under the Tasmanian Threatened Species Protection Act. But the number of this species is recovering fast. Now the total population in Tasmania is 4,000 to 4,500. About 1,000 baby seals are born annually there now. A

29、ustralia-wide, the population is about 58,000.32. What did the officers think about long-nosed fur seals after knowing about this one?A. They have many secrets unknown to humans.B. They have the strong ability to live independently.C. They now have a much better living environment.D. They can live m

30、uch longer than people once believed.33. What does the author mean by saying this seal tells another story“ in Paragraph 3?A. This seal is still in good physical condition.B. This seal is much older than other fur seals.C. This seal draws more attention from researchers.D. This seal never moves alon

31、g the Tasmanian coast.34. What almost led to the complete disappearance of long-nosed fur seals?A. Having lost their natural homes.B. Being overhunted by humans.C. Being killed by the white shark.D. Suffering from climate change.35. How does the author most probably find the situation of long-nosed

32、fur seals now?A. Risky.B. Hopeful.C. Worrying.D. Shocking.【答案】32.D33. A 34. B 35. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一只在塔斯马尼亚被贴上标签的长鼻海狗，25年后突然在维多 利亚出现，引发了人们对这种动物在野外能存活多久的重新思考。文章介绍了这只长鼻海狗的一些相关情 况以及数量恢复情况。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 “Scientists used to think the animals can live for at most 19 years, but this sighting o

33、f the fur seal 25 years after it was marked provides exciting new knowledge about the longest lifespan for wild fur seals in Australia.（科学家们过去认为这种动物最多能活19年，但这只长鼻海狗在被标记25年后再次出现，为我 们提供了关于澳大利亚野生长鼻海狗寿命最长的令人兴奋的新知识）”可知，知道这只海狗后，官员们认为 它们的寿命比人们曾经认为的要长得多。故选D。33题详解】句意猜测题。根据第三段中 “We see a lot of old male fur se

34、als that are past their best years of health and move along the Tasmanian coast as they reach their end of life” 以及 uUnlike others, it may continue to live in good health for years to come.可知，他说看到很多年老的雄性海狗已经度过了它们最好的健康岁月，在它们生命的尽头沿 着塔斯马尼亚海岸移动，但这只长鼻海狗与其他动物不同，它可能会在未来几年继续健康地生活。所以可 见这只海狗的身体状况仍然很好。故意思是“这只长

35、鼻海狗的身体状况仍然很好。故选A。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“TheTasmanian Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment said long-nosed fur seals were once close to complete disappearance due to the fur trade in the 1800s.（塔斯马尼亚 初级工业、公园、水和环境部表示，由于19世纪的皮毛贸易，长鼻海狗一度接近完全消失）”可知，被人类 过度捕杀几乎导致了长鼻海狗的完全消失。故选B。【35题

36、详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中 “But the number of this species is recovering fast. Now the total population in Tasmania is 4,000 to 4,500. About 1,000 baby seals are born annually there now. Australia-wide, the population is about 58,000.（但这个物种的数量正在迅速恢复。现在塔斯马尼亚的总数量是4000到4500只。现在那里每年 大约有1000只小海豹出生。全澳大利亚的长鼻海狗数量约为5.

37、8万）”可推知，作者认为现在长鼻海狗的情 况还有希望。故选B。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Recess for KidsAsk a group of kids about their favorite part of the school day and many will talk about something that happened at recess. Maybe they finally made it across the monkey bars （单杠）Maybe some

38、body kicked the ball over the fence. Maybe a fruit tree in a neighboring yard started to drop apples on the playground. 36Its true not just according to kids, but also to adults who study recess for kids. Whether theyre inventing a new game or sitting under a tree, kids need a break or several of th

39、em during the school day.Why Kids Need Recess.Theres no debate that recess, or mainly referred to as physical activity, is good for kids.You cant have your brains go hours at a time and retain and store information in working memory. 37 Besides, activity that involves arms and legs running, climbing

40、, crawling builds new neural connections, which helps kids regulate their emotions. Studies show that after recess children are more attentive in class, perform better and have fewer emotional problems.How Much Recess Should Kids Get.“Ideally, children should get four 15-minute recesses every day，sa

41、ys Debbie Rhea, a professor from Texas Christian University, who advocates for outdoor play in schools. 38 It is noted that Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have recently expanded the idea to encourage recess for all students, including those in middle and high school.39In addition to simp

42、ly providing enough time for recess, schools should teach skills that will make recess more successful. For instance, letting kids run fast will help them develop coordination. 40. And even falling, issomething kids need to practice to avoid getting badly hurt. To allow children to take reasonable r

43、isks with their bodies is also a wise move.A. How to Make Recess Better.B. Who should help kids recess.C. You need time away to process it.D. This recommendation has been widely accepted.E. Any one of these things is a marker of a good recess.F. Maybe running up the slide is not as unsafe as it look

44、s.G. We wouldnt have kids sitting there for math or reading for long hours.【答案】36. E 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了孩子的课间休息活动。【36题详解】根据空前 uMaybe they finally made it across the monkey bars （单杠）.Maybe somebody kicked the ball over the fence. Maybe a fruit tree in a neighboring yard st

45、arted to drop apples on the playground.（也许他们终于跨过了 单 杠。也许有人把球踢过了栅栏。也许邻居家院子里的一棵果树开始把苹果掉到操场上）”可知，作者先是列 举了孩子们的课间休息方式，空格处位于段尾，应该是对空前内容的总结，E选项“Any one of these things is a marker of a good recess.（这些事情中的任何一件都是一个良好休息的标志）”对上文进行了总结，承接上文, 符合语境，故选E。【37题详解】空前说 “You cant have your brains go hours at a time and r

46、etain and store information in working memory.（你不 可能让你的大脑一次运转几个小时，并在工作记忆中保留和存储信息）”，空格处应该说你需要时间来慢慢处 理信息，C选项“You need time away to process it.（你需要时间去处理它）”说明了你需要时间来处理信息， 其中的 it 指代前面的 information, “ You need time away ” 和前面的 “ You cant have your brains go hours at a time”相对应，因此C选项承接上文，符合语境，故选C。【38题详解】空前

47、说 “Ideally, children should get four 15-minute recesses every day”, says Debbie Rhea, a professor from Texas Christian University, who advocates for outdoor play in schools.（ u理想情况下，孩子们每天应该有四次 15分钟的休息时间，”德克萨斯州基督教大学的教授Debbie Rhea说，她倡导在学校进行户外活动）。空后 说 “It is noted that Centers for Disease Control and P

48、revention have recently expanded the idea to encourage recess for all students, including those in middle and high school.（值得注意的是，疾病控制和预防中心最近扩大了这一 想法，鼓励所有学生休息，包括初中生和高中生产空格处应该说空前的建议是被人广为接受的，D选项“This recommendation has been widely accepted这一建议已被广泛接受）”说明了这个建议被人广为接受，其中的 This recommendation 指代空前的建议，has been widely acceptedn和空后的 “expanded the idea” 相对应，因 此D选项承上启下，符合语境，故选D。【39题详解】空格处是本段小标题，由空后的 “In addition to simply providing enough time for recess, schools should teach skills that will make recess more successful. For instance, letting kids