2022-2023学年广东省江门市江门市第一中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2022-2023学年第一学期高一期末测试（英语）时间：90分钟满分：100分一、阅读理解（共11小题，每小题2.5分,满分27.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。The Fennec fox, the smallest of the species of foxes, is also famous as the desert fox since it survives in the Sahara Desert. Quite a few people wish to raise it as a pet because of its appearance.

2、However, this is very rare, as it needs special care and attention. Lefs take a look at the basic information on the Fennec fox, including its physical appearance, natural habitat, and diet.Physical AppearanceThe Fennec fox is the smallest type of fox, with a body length of about 9.5-16 inches, and

3、6-inch-long ears. It weighs only around one kilogram. It has a cream-colored, furry body, with a black-tipped tail.Their ears are the largest among all foxes relative to the body size, which not only provide them with great hearing, but also radiatethe extreme desert heat and thus help to keep the b

4、ody cool. Moreover, in order to walk on the hot sand, a Fennec fdxs feet are covered with thick fur. Not only that, the feet also help in digging, as this animal lives under the ground.Habitat and LifestyleThe habitat of this animal is mainly in the Sahara Desert, and also in other parts of North Af

5、rica. The Fennec fox is usually active during the night. This character helps it deal successfully with the extreme heat in the desert.As an extremely social animal, it often lives in groups of ten and each group has its own land. This animal is, however, aggressive too, ready to attack, especially

6、in the mating （交酉己）season, when they all compete with each other for a mate.DietThe Fennec fox is an omnivore （杂食动物）.While it can survive on plants, it also needs other items such as insects, rabbits, birds and eggs. Getting used to living in the desert allows it to survive for long periods without

7、any water. They are known to take in water when eating food, but will drink water if available.1. What helps the Fennec fox survive in the desert?A. The small body size.B. Getting active at night.C. The great hearing.D. Living in groups.2. The underlined word t6radiate （Paragraph 3） is closest in me

8、aning to.A 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小女孩Mikayla在饭店遇到了警官Joseph Quinn,帮他付饭钱, 后来警官为表达谢意，邀请小女孩参加纪念日活动，并为小女孩筹集上学资金。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更让人感动的是，她与那些保护和服务社区的人感觉如此亲近的原因。A.interesting 有趣的；B. touching 感人的；C. important 重要的；D. fearful 害怕的。根据下文 “He was11in the line of duty by a drunk driver

9、about seven months before Mikaya was born. Mikayla once told her mother that if her dad was alive, she would want somebody to also 12 a lunch or dinner for him. ” 可知，小女孩与这 个人感觉亲近的原因是让人感动的(touching)。故选B项。【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：更让人感动的是，她与那些保护和服务社区的人感觉如此亲近的原因。A. protect 保护；B. contribute 贡献；C. affect 影响；D.

10、 change 改变。根据前文 “a member of the local police force” 可 知，他是当地的警察，所以空处是指，保护(protect)着这个社区。故选A项。【19题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意:约瑟夫奎因警官过来取外卖。A. pickup拿，取；B.sendup发射，发出；C. bringup养育；D. turn up出现。根据空后“a to-go order”可知，此处是指去取(pick up)外带餐。故选A项。【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到身穿蓝衣的军官，米卡拉的眼里闪烁着幸福的光芒。A. closed关闭；B. watered 浇水；C.d

11、ropped丢；D. shone闪烁。根据空后“with happiness”可知，此处是指她看到警察，眼睛里闪烁 (shone)着幸福的光芒。故选D项。【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:她打了个招呼，还跟奎因交谈了一会儿。A. meeting会议；B.meal饭；C. word 话，话语；D.quarrel吵架。根据空前“She said hello”可知，此处是指她与警察交谈了一会儿，have a word with sb.为固定搭配,表示“与某人交谈”。故选C项。【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想这样做，因为他值得尊重和友善。A. honor荣誉；B. considera

12、tion考虑；C. respect 尊重；D. expectation 期待。根据前文“After the officer walked away, Mikayla asked her mother if they could pay for his order.,可知，此处是指Mikayla认为这个警察是值得我们的尊重(respect)和善待的。故选C项。23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：奎因警官去结账时，服务员告诉他有人为他付了餐费，但不愿透露姓名。A. unreliable不可靠的；B. unknown未知的；C. unimportant不重要的；D. unbelievable难以置

13、信的。根据空后“He went back to work, 8 to find out who it was so he could say thank you. “ 可知，他想要找出是谁帮 他买的单，所以这个买单的人目前是未知的（unknown）o故选B项。【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他回去工作了，决心查出是谁干的，然后说声谢谢。A. excited兴奋的;B. concerned 关心的；C. frustrated 沮丧的；D. determined 下定决心的。根据空后“to find out who it was so he could say thank you.”可知

14、，此处是指他下定决心（determined）要弄清楚是谁为他买单的。故选D项。【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：奎因警官很快就发现了这位慷慨的天使是谁。A. optimistic乐观的；B. particular 特定的；C. intelligent 聪明的；D. generous 慷慨的。根据上文“When Officer Quinn went to pay the bill, the waiter told him someone paid for his lunch but wanted to remain 7可知，能为他买单而不留下姓名的，一 定是一位慷慨的（generous）

15、人。故选D项。【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他后来了解到一些关于小米卡拉的不可思议的事情。A. Fortunately 幸运地;B. Amazingly 令人惊讶地;C. Naturally 自然地；D. Intentionally 故意地。根据空后 “he later learned something incredible about little Mikayla.”结合下文可知，他之后了解的事情是令人惊讶的（Amazingly）o故 选B项。【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Mikaya出生前7个月，他在执行任务时被一名酒驾司机撞死。A. killed杀死

16、;B. injured 伤害；C. blamed 责备；D.hurt 伤害。根据下文 “Mikayla once told her mother that if her dad was alive” 可知，他的父亲在执行公务时，被酒驾司机撞死（killed） To故选A项。【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：米卡拉曾经告诉她的母亲，如果她的父亲还活着，她也希望有人为他买午餐或 晚餐。A. prepare 准备；B. design 涉及；C. reject 拒绝；D. buy 买。根据上文“After the officer walked away, Mikayla asked her mo

17、ther if they could pay for his order. I wanted to because he deserves （值得） 6 and kindness, said Mikayla.可知，此处是指Mikayla想要别人也能为她的父亲买（buy） 一份晚餐或者午餐。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了报答她的善举，詹姆斯堡警察局的官员邀请她和他们一起参加今年的阵亡 将士纪念日庆祝活动。A. advised建议；B.reminded提醒;C.invited邀请；D.allowed允许。根据空后“her to march with them in this

18、years Memorial Day celebration.可知，此处是指邀请 Mikayla 和他们一，起参加活 动。故选C项。【30题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：此外，他们还为米卡拉在GoFundMe上建立了一个主页，已经筹集了超过1.2 万美元的学费。A. In reality事实上；B. In general通常，一般而言；C. In addition另外；D.In contrast与此相 反。根据空前 “her to march with them in this years Memorial Day celebration.v和空后 “they have started a G

19、oFundMe page for M汰ayla”可知，空处表递进关系，表示不仅邀请她参加活动，另外（In addition）还为 她建立了一个网页。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们还为米卡拉在GoFundMe上建立了一个主页，已经筹集了超过1.2 万美元的学费。A. contributed贡献；B.raised募集，筹集；C.devoted致力于；D. subscribed订阅。根据空amore than $ 12,000 to help pay for her schooling. ”可知，此处是指他们在建立的网页上，为她募集（raised） 了资金，用于上学。故选

20、B项。四、单项选择（共10题，每小题1分，共10分） 根据句子的意思，选出最佳的选项，使句子完整。32. More effortsto protect the wild animals from in this area in the last few years.A. have been made; huntingB. have made; being huntedC. have been made; being huntedD. have made; hunting【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态和非谓语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，人们为了保护野生动物不被猎杀而做 出了更多的努力

21、。第一个空是谓语动词，“in the last few years.”是现在完成时提示词，努力和做出是被动关 系，用现在完成时的被动语态have been done,第二个空介词from后用动名词，动物和捕杀是被动关系，用 动名词的被动形式是being done,故选C。33. The young man upstairs by a policeman. Do you know what happened to him?A. is being questionedB. is questionedC. is questioningD. questioned【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态，语态

22、和主谓一致。句意：楼上的那个年轻人正在接受警察的盘问。你知道他出什么事 了吗？由“Do you know what happened to him”可知，句子表示“楼上的那个年轻人正在被警察盘问，由 by可知，空格处用现在进行时的被动语态，即is/are being done,主语The young man是单数，因此空格处 是 is being questioned, 故选 Ao34. The man I shook hands in the club is the best singer in our city.A. with whomB. to whomC. with whoD. to

23、who【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我在俱乐部和他握手的那个人是我们城市最好的歌手。分析句子结构，此 处考查“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The man,指人，还原到从句中是I shook hands with the man,短语shake hands with表示“和握手”，所以排除B和D选项；在限制性定语从句中作介词宾语时，不能用who。故选A。35. Many young people,were well-educated, headed fbr remote regions to chase their dreams.A. most of whoB

24、. which mostC. most of whomD. who most【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多年轻人，其中大多数受过良好教育，前往偏远地区追逐他们的梦想。 结合句意表达“的大多数”用most of,因此此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句，先行词 是young people,作of的宾语，只能用whom。故选C。36. America has more than fifty states, Kentucky, is the place Abraham Lincoln was born.A. one of them; whereB. one of them

25、; thatC. one of which; thatD. one of which; where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：美国有50多个州，其中的肯塔基州是亚伯拉罕林肯出生的地方。分析句 子可知，第一空涉及“介词+关系代词”引导的一个非限制性定语从句，其中which代替先行词state,指物, 并在从句中作Of的宾语，而第二空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，代替先行词place,指物，并在从句中作 地点状语，所以填关系副词where。故选D项。37. Such a rule is not to improve private investment decision-makin

26、g or promote more efficient markets.A. possibleB. likelyC. probableD. certain【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这样的规则不太可能改善私人投资决策或促进更有效的市场。A. possible可能的；B.likely很可能的;C.probable大概的；D.certain必然的。分析句子且根据句意可知,空 处表示“可能的，排除D项；因为possible和probable作表语时不能用人或物作主语，常用形式主语it, 排除A/C两项；likely的主语可以是人、物或代词。故选B项。38. Not onlyb

27、uying a house as a top priority, but also the education of his children as extremelyimportant.A. did he regard; did he considerB. did he regard; he consideredC. he regarded; did he considerD. he regarded; he considered【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：他不仅把买房作为头等大事，而且认为孩子的教育也极其重要。分析句子 可知，本句涉及固定句型not onlybutalso

28、的用法，其中Not only位于句首，句子应用部分倒装。部分倒 装就是把系动词，助动词或者情态动词提到主语前面，如果句子中还有其它的动词，那么这些动词依然放 在主语后面，所以第一空应填did he regard；而but also后不发生倒装，为正常语序，所以第二空填he considered o 故选 B 项。39. I wouldnt think itto ask him to join the club because hell only refuse.A. deservesB. worthC. worthyD. worthwhile【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词的用法。句意：我认

29、为请他加入俱乐部是不值得的，因为他只会拒绝。A. deserves值 得（动词）;B. worth 值得的；C. worthy 值得的；D. worthwhile 值得的。如果把“itto ask him to jointhe club”看作think后的宾语从句，那么空处就是谓语动词，动词deserve的固定用法是deserve doing/deserve to be done,因此选deserves不符合语法规则；空处也可看作形容词作宾补，虽然worth和worthy都是形容 词，但它们不能单独使用，通常用于固定搭配worth doing和worthy of being done/wort

30、hy to be done；综上， 本空用worthwhile作宾补，该词常用于固定句型it is worthwhile to do/doing sth.o故选Do40. Hainan Island is that hundreds of thousands of visitors are attracted.A. such a fascinating placeB. so a fascinating placeC. such fascinating a placeD. so fascinating place【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查固定句型。句意：海南岛是一个如此迷人的地方，吸引了成千

31、上万的游客。句中sucha/an+形 容词+名词+that为固定句型，意为“如此以至于，该结构与so+形容词+a/an+名词+that可互换。表示“如此迷人的一个地方”用such a fascinating place。故选A。41. Only when class began that he had left his book at home.A. he realizedB. would he realizeC. did he realizeD. he would realize【答案】c【解析】【详解】考查时态和部分倒装。句意：直到开始上课，他才意识到他把书忘在家里了。根据时间状语从句 的

32、谓语动词began判断主句为一般过去时；当“。nly+状语从句”置于句首时，主句部分倒装，将助动词did 置于主语he之前。故选C。五、语法填空(共10小题，每题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Minor Cold is the 23rd solar term of the 24 traditional Chinese solar terms. For most areas of China, 42 marks the start of the coldest days of the year.During Minor Cold, peop

33、le always start stocking New Year goods, which include Spring Festival couplets, New Year pictures, paper-cuts for window 43 (decorate), fire crackers, incense and lanterns.Mutton hot pot, chestnuts and baked sweet potato are three 44 (recommend) foods for Minor Cold. According to traditional Chines

34、e medicine theories, people need to eat food that contains more yang energy to prevent cold 45 harming their organs.Another important traditional food for Minor Cold is Laba porridge. It 46 (make) from more than 20 kinds of nuts, cereals and dried fruits. Local people in Beijing often cook Laba porr

35、idge on the night of the seventh day of the 47 (twelve) lunar month. After one nights slow simmering(炖)，all the ingredients melt into the porridge in the morning of the eighth day, 48 (become) a warm delicacy to enjoy on cold days.People in Nanjing used to take Minor Cold quite 49 (serious), and the

36、y still keep a custom of eating vegetable rice to celebrate this solar term.Minor Cold is also 50 busiest time for doctors of traditional Chinese medicine. Many people need them to prepare new medicines, 51 will be consumed before the Lunar New Year.【答案】42. it 43. decoration44. recommended45. from 4

37、6. is made47. twelfth48. becoming49. seriously50. the 51. which【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小寒的习俗，尤其是饮食习俗。【42题详解】考查代词。句意：对中国大部分地区来说，它（小寒）标志着一年中最冷日子的开始。空处为句子主语， 指代上文的Minor Cold应用it。故填it。【43题详解】考查名词。句意：小寒期间，人们总是开始储备年货，包括春联、年画、窗花、鞭炮、香和灯笼。空处应 填名词作介词宾语，此处decoration “装饰”抽象概念，不可数。故填decoration。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：羊

38、肉火锅、栗子和烤红薯是小寒的三种推荐食物。空处作定语修饰名词foods,应 用非谓语形式，recommend和逻辑主语foods之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填recommended。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：根据传统中医理论，人们需要多吃含有阳气的食物，以防止寒冷伤害他们的器官。根据句意表达“阻止做某事应用preventfrom。故填from。【46题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：它由20多种坚果、谷物和干果制成。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语it （腊 八粥）和make之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is made。【47题详解】考查序数词。句意：北京当地人经常在腊月

39、初七晚上喝腊八粥。“腊月”是一年的第十个月，表达“第十二”用 the twelfth o 故填 twelfth o【48题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经过一晚的慢炖，所有的食材都融进了初八早上的粥里，成为寒冷天气里享用的 一道温暖的美味。句中已有谓语动词melt且无连词，故空处用非谓语动词形式，become和逻辑主语porridge 是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填becoming。【49题详解】考查副词。句意：南京人过去很重视小寒，至今仍有吃菜饭庆祝小寒的习俗。修饰动词take应用serious的 副词形式。故填seriously。【5。题详解】考查冠词。句意：小寒也是中医最忙的时候。形容词最

40、高级busiest前应用定冠词。故填the。【51题详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多人需要它们来准备新的药物，这些药物将在农历新年前食用。空处引导非限制 性定语从句，先行词是new medicines,从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。六、单词拼写（共10小题，每小题0.5分，共5分）使用必修二Unitl-3新单词的正确形式 填空。52. The idea for the experiment came from（观察）the birds using tools to pick at random objects, such as a picture of a spide

41、r that was printed on some cloth.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】observing【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：这个实验的想法来自于观察鸟类使用工具挑选随机物体，比如印在布上的蜘 蛛图片。分析句子且根据汉语提示可知，空处应填动名词。bserving,作介词from的宾语，表示“观察”。 故填 observing。53. Many fairly tales have profound meanings, and theyre not（打算给）for children only.（根据汉语提示 单词拼写）【答案】meant【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：很多童

42、话故事有深刻的含义，它们不单单是为孩子们写的。根据汉语提示及句 意，mean“打算”，分析句子可知应用一般现在时，且主语和该动词存在被动关系，故填meant。54. When you take the blame, others get（尴尬）about not taking the blame themselves.（根据汉语提示单 词拼写）【答案】embarrassed【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：当你承担责任时，别人会因为自己没有承担责任而感到尴尬。分析句子且根 据汉语提示可知，空处作系动词get的宾语，应填形容词作表语，且主语为。thers,指人，所以空处应填形 容词embarra

43、ssed,表示“感到尴尬的，符合语境。故填embarrassed。55. That one mistake seriously（危及）the future of the company.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】endangered【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：那一个错误严重地危及了公司的未来。根据汉语提示可知，endanger危及，动词 作谓语；句子描述过去的事，应用一般过去时，故填endangered。56. Without any important changes in the next ten years, the globe will be trapped in heat

44、waves,（威胁） human beings and most creatures.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】threatening【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意：如果未来十年没有任何重大变化，全球将陷入热浪，威胁人类和大多数生 物。根据汉语提示可知，应填动词threaten的相关形式，表示“威胁”。又分析句子可知，句子已有谓语动 词will be tmpped,所以空处应填现在分词形式threatening作结果状语从句，表示主动关系。故填threateningo 57. They have seen the change as unquestionably（有益）to the

45、country.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】beneficial【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们认为这一变化无疑对国家有利。分析句子且根据汉语提示可知，空处由 副词unquestionably修饰，应填形容词beneficial作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语change,表示“有益的”。故 填 beneficial o58. Further（措施）will be taken to rid our streets of crime.【答案】measures【解析】【详解】考查名词的数。句意：将采取进一步的措施来防止街头犯罪。根据汉语提示“措施”，空处填名词 measure,表示“措施”时是

46、可数名词，此处要用其复数形式，即measures,在句中作主语。故填measures。 59. He found himself（尝试）to collect all the stamps issued on that particular day. （%艮据汉语提示单词拼 写）【答案】trying【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：他发现自己试图收集那天发行的所有邮票。结合句子结构和汉语提示可知，动 词try符合题意，try to do sth .“尝试做某事”，空处作宾补，和逻辑主语“他自己”之间是主动关系，结合 语境表示动作正在进行，故用现在分词。故填trying。60. Wildlife h

47、as been a source of fascination and（灵感）for artists for thousands of years.（根据汉语提示 单词拼写）【答案】inspiration【解析】【详解】考查不可数名词。句意：数千年来，野生动物一直是艺术家们的魅力和灵感来源。分析句子且根 据汉语提示可知，空处作介词。f的宾语，应填名词inspiration,表示“灵感”，此处为不可数名词。故填 inspiration o61. The rainforests are disappearing at an（惊人）rate.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】amazing#alarm

48、ing【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：热带雨林正在以惊人的速度消失。分析句子且根据汉语提示可知，空处应填 形容词作定语，修饰名词rate,又根据空前的不定冠词an可知，空处应填以元音开头的形容词，amazing 和alarming均符合要求，表示“惊人的”。故填amazing或alarming。七、应用文写作（共1题，满分15分）62. 众所周知，现在产于中国的野生动物越来越少了，一些野生动物面临灭绝的趋势，请就此情况写一篇有 关保护野生动物的倡议信。主要内容：1 .野生动物濒临灭绝的现状；2 .野生动物濒临灭绝的原因；3 .拯救措施及号召更多人加入。注意：1 .词数不少于80；2 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。答案】One possible version:As we all know, many wild animals are endangered. One of the major reasons is that the habitats of many wild anima