2022-2023学年浙江省宁波市慈溪市高二上学期2月期末英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、慈溪市2022学年第一学期高二期末测试卷英语学科试题第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题：每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。1. Why does the man need a map?A. To tour Manchester.B To find a restaurant.C. To learn about China.2. When will the concert start?A. At 7:30 pm.B.

2、 At 8:00 pm.C. At 8:30 pm.3. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife.B. Mother and son.C.Colleagues.4. What does the woman say about Jacks race result?A. Its exciting.B. Its unfair.C. If s a pity.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. A video.B.A singer.C. A program.第二节（

3、共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小populations in river and lake habitats decreased the most. Freshwater populations have declined by an average of 83 percent since 1970. For example, one population of pink river dolphins in the Amazo

4、n River area of Brazil fell by 65 percent between 1994 and 2016.（研究显示，50多年来，这些地区的种群数量下降了 94%o河流和湖泊 栖息地的野生动物数量减少最多。自1970年以来，淡水种群平均减少了 83%。例如，从1994年到2016 年，巴西亚马逊河地区的粉红河海豚数量下降了 65%。）”可知，作者在第3段中通过举例子列出数据解释 了淡水野生动物的减少情况。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段 u These findings are a red flag that warns of a larger syst

5、em failure on the horizon. Even one species population decline can affect other species, eventually impacting the ecosystems ability to ftmction.（这些发现是一个危险信号，警告即将出现更大的生态系统崩溃后果。即使是一个物种的数量下降 也会影响到其他物种，最终影响到生态系统的功能。”可知，在生态系统中是相互关联的的关系，一个 物种的数量减少也会影响到其他物种甚至整个生态链，说明物种多样性对于维持一个稳定的生态系统很重 要。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断

6、题。根据文章最后一段 “Our future depends on reversing（扭转）the loss of nature just as much as it depends on dealing with climate change. And you cant solve one without solving the other. Everyone has a role in reversing these trends, from individuals to companies to governments.（我们的未来取决于扭转自然的损失，就 像它取决于应对气候变化一样。

7、你不可能在不解决另一个的情况下解决一个。从个人到公司再到政府，每 个人都有责任扭转这些趋势。）”可知，本文作者写这篇文章目的是呼吁人们采取行动保护自然。故选B 项。DIn a clinical trial（试验）with 80 adults, a team of researchers found that sleep extension reduced energy intake and resulted in a negative energy balance in real-life settings among adults with overweight who habitually

8、 curtailed（缩减）their sleep duration. The findings appear in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine.Obesity is a major public health concern. Much evidence suggests that sleeping less than 7 hours per night on a regular basis is associated with adverse health results. Particularly, insufficient sleep dura

9、tion has been increasingly recognized as an important factor fbr obesity. However, it remains unknown whether extending sleep duration can be an effective strategy fbr preventing obesity.The clinical trial involved 80 adults aged 21 to 40 years with a body mass index（BMI） between 25.0 and 29.9, and

10、habitual sleep duration of less than 6.5 hours per night. The study was conducted from November 1, 2014 to October 30, 2020. The participants were able to increase their sleep duration by an average of 1.2 hours per nightafter a personalized sleep counseling （咨询）session.Overall, participants who inc

11、reased their sleep duration were able to reduce their calorie intake by an average of 270 kcal per day- which would translate to roughly 12 kg of weight loss over three years if the effects were maintained over a long term.Ultimately, the researchers hope to examine the underlying（潜在的）mechanisms tha

12、t may explain these results, and believe their work should encourage new, larger studies on weight control to determine if extending sleep can support weight-loss programs and help prevent or reverse obesity.“In our earlier work, we understood that sleep is important for appetite regulation J Dr. Ta

13、sali said. Now weve shown that in real life, without making any other lifestyle changes, you can extend your sleep and eat fewer calories. This could really help people trying to lose weight.” 12. Whats the new finding of the research?A. Sleep extension can lead to weight problems.B. Extending sleep

14、 duration helps reduce caloric intake.C. Controlling energy intake is the key to losing weight.D. Overweight adults often decrease their sleep duration.13. Whats the probable meaning of the underlined word “adverse in paragraph 2?A. Harmful.B. Unique.C. Lasting.D. Apparent.14. According the text, th

15、e subject of the study.A. usually slept 6.5 hours per nightB. were 80 adults of the similar age groupC. got advice on sleep tailored to themselvesD. were particularly chosen from a certain place15. What do researchers think of the study?A. Its results are hard to explain clearly.B. It lays a foundat

16、ion fbr further studies.C. Its unreliable with many factors ignored.D. It has solved all the puzzles of researchers.【答案】12.B13. A 14. C 15. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一项研究结果，在现实生活中，睡眠延长会减少能量摄入，致使 习惯性缩短睡眠时间的超重成年人出现负能量平衡，睡眠时间不足已日益被认为是肥胖的一个重要因素。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “In a clinical trial（试验）with 80 adults, a

17、 team of researchers found that sleep extension reduced energy intake and resulted in a negative energy balance in real-life settings among adults with overweight who habitually curtailed（缩减）their sleep duration.（在一项针对 80 名成年人的临床试验中，一组研 究人员发现，在现实生活中，睡眠延长会减少能量摄入，致使习惯性缩短睡眠时间的超重成年人出现负能 量平衡）”可知，这项研究发现，延

18、长睡眠时间有助于减少热量摄入。故选B。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段画线词下文 uParticularly, insufficient sleep duration has been increasingly recognized as an important factor for obesity.（特别是，唾眠时间不足已日益被认为是肥胖的一个重要因素）”可知，唾眠 不足对健康有害，故画线词所在句意为“大量证据表明，经常每晚睡眠不足7小时与不良健康结果有 关，adverse意为“有害的”。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后句 The participants were a

19、ble to increase their sleep duration by an average of 1.2 hours per night after a personalized sleep counseling（咨询）session.（经过个性化的唾眠咨询后，参与者每晚 的睡眠时间平均增加了 1.2小时）”可知，研究对象得到了适合自己的睡眠建议，故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 uUltimately, the researchers hope to examine the underlying（潜在的） mechanisms that may explain th

20、ese results, and believe their work should encourage new, larger studies on weight control to determine if extending sleep can support weight-loss programs and help prevent or reverse obesity.（最 终，研究人员希望研究出解释这些结果的潜在机制，并相信他们的工作应该鼓励新的、更大规模的体重控 制研究，以确定延长睡眠是否可以支持减肥计划，并有助于预防或逆转肥胖）”可知，研究人员认为这项研 究为进一步的研究奠定

21、了基础。故选B。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Do you ever compare yourself to other people and wish you could be more like them? Actually, accepting who you are can help you feel happier and more positive about yourself.16 As well as appreciating what youre good at, it m

22、eans valuing the parts of you that dont shine asbrightly, like being forgetful or untidy. Its a habit that involves being kind to yourself even when you make a mistake. And it also means knowing your own weaknesses and strengths, and accepting who you are no matter what other people say or think.Whe

23、n you accept who you are, you worry less about things you cant change. 17 Anna Freud, founder of a mental health charity that supports young people, says, We can always feel as if we have to appear perfect and are busy trying to meet others standards. 18 Some people may find letters or numbers hard

24、to read, fbr example, but they might have strengths in other areas, like finding a creative way to overcome challenges. Learning to accept everything about yourself can also help you discover what youre really capable of.9 Start by making a list of all the things you like about yourself. Maybe youre

25、 good at cooking, or people find it easy to talk to you. Ask your friends fbr help. Also, think up ways to treat yourself like taking a long bath or watching your favorite film and spend some quality time on your own. 20A. You are different in your own way.B. This makes you feel happier and more con

26、fident.C. Everyone is bom with their strengths and weaknesses.D. That leads us to forget about the little things that make us unique.E. There are some effective ways that can help you accept yourself.F. Sell-acceptance means learning to accept the things that make you who you are.G. Its also a good

27、idea to say kind positive things to yourself in a mirror every morning.【答案】16.F17. B 18. D 19. E 20. G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了接受真实的自己能让你更快乐，更积极地看待自己以及一些接受真实 自己的方法。【16题详解】空处为本段主旨句。根据下文 “As well as appreciating what you, re good at, it means valuing the parts of you that dont shine as brightly, like bein

28、g forgetful or untidy. Its a habit that involves being kind to yourself even when you make a mistake. And it also means knowing your own weaknesses and strengths, and accepting who you are no matter what other people say or think. ” （在欣赏你所擅长的东西的同时，这也意味着重视你不那么光彩夺目 的地方，比如健忘或逾遢。这是一种习惯，即使你犯了错误，也要善待自己。这也

29、意味着了解自己的弱点 和优点，不管别人怎么说怎么想，都要接受真实的自己。）可知，我们要接受真实的自己。F项Self- acceptance means learning to accept the things that make you who you are.（自我接纳意味着学会接受那些让你 成为你自己的事情。）符合题意，总起全段。故选F项。【17题详解】根据上文 “ When you accept who you are, you worry less about things you cant change. ” （当你接受真实的自 己时，你就不会那么担心那些你无法改变的事情。）可知，

30、讲的是接受真实的自己的好处。由此推知，空 格处内容也应与此相关。B This makes you feel happier and more confident.（这会让你感觉更快乐、更自 信。）符合题意，this指代上文提到的事情。故选B项。【18题详解】根据文章结构可知，该空格处为上文说的话的一部分，因此该空与上文内容相关。根据上文“Anna Freud, founder of a mental health charity that supports young people, says, We can always feel as if we have to appear perfec

31、t and are busy trying to meet others, standards.v （安娜弗洛伊德是一家支持年轻人的心理健康慈善机 构的创始人，她说：“我们总是觉得自己必须表现得完美，忙着达到别人的标准。）可知，我们总是忙着 达到别人的标准。由此推知，空处陈述这样的后果。D项That leads us to forget about the little things that make us unique.（这让我们忘记了那些让我们独一无二的小事情。）符合题意，和上文内容形成因果关系， 上下文语意连贯。故选D项。【19题详解】空处为本段主旨句。根据下文 “Start by m

32、aking a list of all the things you like about yourself. Maybe youre good at cooking, or people find it easy to talk to you. Ask your friends fbr help. Also, think up ways to treat yourself, like taking a long bath or watching your favorite film and spend some quality time on your own. （首先 列出一张清单，列出所

33、有你喜欢自己的地方。也许你擅长烹饪，或者人们觉得和你聊天很容易。向朋友寻 求帮助。此外，想办法犒劳自己，比如泡个长时间的澡，或者看你最喜欢的电影，独自度过一些美好时 光。）推知，空格处内容为有一些有效的方法可以帮助你。E There are some effective ways that can help you accept yourself.（有一些有效的方法可以帮助你接受自己。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选E 项。【20题详解】空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文 “Start by making a list of all the things you like about you

34、rself. Maybe youre good at cooking, or people find it easy to talk to you. Ask your friends fbr help. Also, think up ways to treat yourself, like taking a long bath or watching your favorite film and spend some quality time on your own. （首先 列出一张清单，列出所有你喜欢自己的地方。也许你擅长烹饪，或者人们觉得和你聊天很容易。向朋友寻 求帮助。此外，想办法犒劳

35、自己，比如泡个长时间的澡，或者看你最喜欢的电影，独自度过一些美好时 光。）推知，空处也应介绍一些具体的方法。G 项 Its also a good idea to say kind positive things to yourself in a mirror every morning.（每天早上对着镜子对自己说一些积极的事情也是一个好主意。）符合题意，上下文 语意连贯。故选G项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A 100-year-old woman whos

36、e name is Margaret Griffiths is taking IT classes in an effort to catch up on modem technology. Margaret Griffiths said she 2 the weekly classes to keep her mind active and intended to keep on doing what I desire to do as 22 as I can”.Born in 1921, Ms Griffiths began a 40-year 23 in teaching at a pr

37、imary school and 24 became a head teacher. She made a promise to herself to learn something 25 every day. “I 26my life to theworld of education, and I am still exploring to this day. I have never 27 she saidBut her 28 came before the introduction of computers and before long she deeply felt she was2

38、9. Now she is learning IT at Porth Plaza library which offers classes six days a week. She said she had noaccess to computers during her career, so she 30 at the chance to keep up when she saw the IT classesoffer.“I dont know what future is 32 for me, but I will try my best to learn until the last s

39、econd of my life. I am still 33, even at my age, and I am always happy to leam-long may it continue.99 “At 100, all the otherlearners are younger than me, but I enjoy the classes and the 34 very much indeed, which make me feel energetic and passionate. added Margaret Griffiths, whose life is a good

40、35of the saying: Its never too lateto learn.21. A. joined22. A. well23. A. career24. A. fortunately25. A. new26. A. spent27. A. tried28. A. regret29. A. out of date30. A. seized31. A. in32. A. in turn33. A. being educated34. A. comfort35. A. combinationB. organizedC. attendedD. paidB. muchC. soonD.

41、longB. ambitionC. adventureD. assessmentB. eventuallyC. potentiallyD. naturallyB. necessaryC. essentialD. amusingB. employedC. committedD. occupiedB. graspedC. failedD. stoppedB. retirementC. frustrationD. embarrassmentB. out of orderC. out of shapeD. out of practiceB. lookedC. jumpedD. arrivedB. on

42、C. atD. byB. in favorC. in storeD. in placeB. being suspectedC. being qualifiedD. being helpedB. performanceC. companyD. rewardB. demonstrationC. emphasisD. analysis【答案】2LC 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31.32. C33. A 34. C35. B【解析】【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Margaret Griffiths女士虽然已有100

43、岁 高龄，却仍然积极参加IT 课程的学习，学习现代科技，紧跟时代的步伐，时刻充满了活力和热情，用自己的一生完美诠释了 “活到 老，学到老”。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Margaret Griffiths说，她每周参加这些课程是为了保持头脑活跃，并打算“只 要能做就继续做我想做的事情”。A. joined加入,成为的一员；B. organized组织；C. attended参加；D. paid 支付。根据上一句 “ A 100-year-old woman whose name is Margaret Griffiths is taking IT classes in an effor

44、t to catch up on modem technology.v的 u taking IT classes n可知，Griffiths 参加 了 每周的课程。故选 Co【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Margaret Griffiths说，她每周参加这些课程是为了保持头脑活跃，并打算“只 要能做就继续做我想做的事情”。A. well好，as well as也；B. much许多，as much as和一样多；C. soon不久,as soon as 就；D. long长的，as long as只要就。由本句句意可知，Griffiths只要能够做，就会坚持做自己想做的事。故选D。【2

45、3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Griffiths女士出生于1921年，她在一所小学开始了长达40年的教学生涯，最 终成为一名校长。A. career事业、生涯；B. ambition雄心、抱负；C. adventure冒险；D. assessment评 价、评估。根据句中 uteaching at a primary schoolv和 “became a head teacher” 可知，Griffiths一直在小学 教学，有着40年的教学生涯。故选A。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Griffiths女士出生于1921年，她在一所小学开始了长达40年的教学生涯，最 终成为一名校长。

46、A. fortunately 幸运地；B. eventually 最终；C. potentially 潜在地；D. naturally 自然地。 根据句中“a40-year career”可知，Griffiths工作了 40年才当上了校长，实属不易，“最终”符合语境。 故选Bo【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:她向自己保证每天都学点新东西。A. new新的；B. necessary必需的；C. essential基本的、必不可少的；D. amusing有趣的、好笑的。根据第一段A 100-year-old woman whose name is Margaret Griffiths is

47、 taking IT classes in an effort to catch up on modem technology.v和第二段的 “ I am still exploring to this day. （直到今天我仍在探索）可知，Griffiths 一直在学习新的技术，一直在探索新的 知识，所以她要求自己每天都要学习新的东西。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把我的一生都奉献给了教育世界，直到今天我仍在探索。A. spent花费、度 过；B. employed 雇佣;C. committed 交付、投入、委托；D. occupied 占据。根据第二段 “Bom in

48、1921, Ms Griffiths began a 40-year career in teaching at a primary schoolv可知，Griffiths 一生都在从事教育事业， 所以她把自己的一生都交付给了教育事业。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我从未停止。A. tried尝试；B. grasped抓住；C. failed失败；D. stopped停 止。根据上一句I am st川exploring to this day”可知，Griffiths 一直都在探索新事物，没有停止下来。故 选D。28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她在电脑问世之前退休了，不久她就深深地感到自己已经落伍了。A. regret 后悔、遗憾；B. retirement 退休；C. frustration 沮丧；D. embarrassment 尴尬。根据下文的 She said she had no access to computers during her career