2023年-裕兴版新概念英语第二册笔记第课.docx

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1、Lesson 3Please send me a card请给我寄一张明信片单词讲解关键句型课文讲解练习复习补充内容单词讲解send (sent, sent) postcardspoil (spoiled or spoilt)museumpublic friendly waiterlend (lent, lent) decisionwhole singleNew words and expressionsv. 寄，送n. 明信片v.使索然无味，损坏n. 博物馆adj.公共的adj. 友好的n.服务员，招待员v. 借给n. 决定adj.整个的adj. 唯一的，单一的 1. send寄，送，派遣，

2、打发cause sb to go or sth to be taken without going oneself(send - sent - sent )1)加双宾语send sb sth = send sth to sb 把东西寄给某人eg. send me a postcard = send a postcard to me 寄给我一张明信片eg. I sent my mother a present on Mother s day. 在母亲节那天我寄给妈妈一 份礼物。She promised the finder a reward.9) He gave his son some adv

3、ice.He gave some advice to his son.10) His uncle left him some money.His uncle left some money to/for him.11) He is teaching English to us.He is teaching us English.12) I bought this bunch of flowers for you. Bunch of flowers 一束鲜花 I bought you this bunch of flowers.13) Bring that book to me please.B

4、ring me that book please.14) He offered me a cigarette.He offered a cigarette to me.15) Read me the first paragraph.Read the first paragraph for me.16) I ve ordered some soup for you.F ve ordered you some soup.17) I owe him a lot of money.I owe a lot of money to him.18) Pass the mustard to your fath

5、er. Mustard 芥末Pass your father the mustard.After dinner, mustard. 马后炮练习Exercises1. He was a friendly waiter. He spoke to the writer A friend 朋友2. On the A final B最后，B as friends C like friends D in a friendly way作为朋友 像朋友一样以友好的方式last day he made a big decision. It was theday of his holiday.B end结束，n.

6、 /v.3. He didn t write A wrote only one C wrote just oneC latest D bottom不能修饰名词C最近的，最新的D底部，末端 A最后的。single card. So he.B didn t write even oneD wrote all the cards except one4. There is need to check theof the report.A frequencyA frequent B accurate C emergentB accuracy C emergency adj.频率很高的，经常的； adj

7、 ,准确的,精确的;adj.紧急的；D efficiencyD efficientadj.有效率的，效率很高的。复习Review1 .时态：一般过去时,描述过去某时发生的动作，或者描述过去出现的状态的时候也使用过 去时。eg. Last week, I went to the theatre. 上周，我去看戏了。I met an old friend in the street this morning.今天早上我在大街上看到一个 老朋友。I was a lawyer before. 我以前是个律师。They quarreled yesterday.昨天他们吵架了。一般过去时描述的过去某时做了

8、某事或过去某时出现的状态。2 .双宾语现象：通常表示给予的动词，可以将人和物同作为宾语。pay sb money付给某人钱二pay money to sbpass sb sth递给某人某物时二pass sth to sbbuy sb sth=buy sth for sbto表示方向性，for表示目的性。eg. I made a cake for you. I made you a cake.His father left him a lot of money. His father left a lot of money to/for him.3. Main Words:1) send寄，送，

9、派遣，打发send sb sth寄给某人某东西send my love to sb 代我问候某人。2) spoil v.破坏，使无味；宠爱，惯坏spoil - spoiled - spoiled spoilt - spoilt - spoilt eg. Spare the rod and spoil the child. 孩子不打不成器。3) public4) friend make friend friendlyadj.公共的，公开的反义词：privaten.朋友with sb 和某人交朋友adj. 友好的 a friendly waiter 一个友好的服务员5) lent lend sb

10、lend sb borrow借出sth / lend sth to sb 借给某人某物a hand借入帮某人一个忙borrow sth from6) decision n. make a decisionsbto从某人那借入某物决定do sth 下定决心做某事decide v. 决定decide to do sth决定做某事=make up one s mind to do sth7) wholeadj.整个的，全部的the whole world 全世界 a whole day 一1整天n. 整个，整体eg. Two halves make a whole. 两个一半是个整体。8) sing

11、le adj.唯一的，单一的，单人用的，单身的a single card唯一的一张卡片a single bed 单人床a single girl single parent 单亲补充内容量词a belt of一条狭长的（地带，水域）a belt of volcanoes 火山地带eg. A belt of trees encircled the field. 一条林带把田围住了。a bit of一点儿，一些；一小块，一小片a bit of land1小块地a little bit of cheese 一小块干酪=1 sent a present to my mother on Mother s

12、 day.2)加单宾语 send sth寄什么东西 send sb派遣，打发某人 send a letter send a parcel send the children to bed 打发孩子去睡觉3) send sb my love = give sb my love 代我向。致意 eg. Please send your sister my love. 请把我的问候带给你的姐姐。二Please send my love to your sister.eg. Please say hello to your brother. = Please say hi to your brother

13、.eg. Remember me to your parents.代我问候你的父母。正式的表达 Give my regards to your parents. 更为正式的表达4) send for sb派人去请，去叫。 send for sthsend for a doctor 派人去叫医生 send for a taxi去叫一辆出租车 2. postcard n.明信片card 卡片；贺卡a Christmas card a birthday card a get-well card 康复卡 an identity card 身份证a post card cards 纸牌 a pack o

14、f cards 一副纸牌1) one s best card = one s strongest card 某人最好的一张牌，王牌，绝招2) give sb his cards开出，解雇某人(非正式表达)3) lay one s cards on the table = put one s cards on the table 摊牌post n. /v. 邮，寄 post-bag 邮袋post-box (U. S. ： mail box) 邮筒，邮箱 post-code 邮政编码 post office postman (U. S. : mailman) post mark 邮戳 post-f

15、ree免付邮资的，邮资已付的post-paid邮资已付的 3. spoi 1-spoiled-spoiled使索然无味，损坏，破坏,糟蹋-spoilt-spoilt,英式英语中多用不规则形式： eg. dreamt; spoilt (Br) 美式英语中多用规则形式： eg. dreamed; spoiled (Am)不管英式或美式英语，用过去分词作定语的时候，只用不规则形式。a spoilt child 一个被惯坏的孩子spoilt milk坏了的牛奶a misspelt word 拼错的字1） v. 破坏，使。没劲 make sth useless, valueless or unsatis

16、factory; ruin eg. Bad weather spoilt our holidays. 坏天气破坏了我们的假期。eg. The bad news spoilt my day.这个坏消息让我一天不开心破坏了我一天的心情。eg. Postcards always spoil my holidays. 明信片总是破坏我的假期。2） v.娇惯，宠坏，溺爱eg. That little girl is terribly spoilt - her parents give her everything she asks for.那个小女孩被惯坏了，他的父母亲给她任何她想要的东西。eg. Sp

17、are the rod and spoil the child.（谚）孩子不打不成器。eg. Everybody enjoys being spoilt from time to time. 谁都喜欢偶尔被人宠下。4. museum n. 博物馆museum piece1）适合博物馆展览的精品2）老古董（贬）eg. This old radio of yours is a bit of museum piece; it is about time you got a new one.5. public1) adj. 公众的, 反义词 private a public garden public

18、 education public libraries 2) n.公众，民众 the public 民众，你这个旧收音机早该进博物馆了，早该换个新的了。与公众有关的（通常做定语）都做定语public affairs 公事民众教育public health民众健康公众公共图书馆 the public highway公路in public: openly公开的，公然的（反义词：in private私自的，私下的） eg. She apologized to the public in public for her mistakes.她公开的像公众对她所犯的错误道歉。6. friendly adj.

19、 友好的.friend n.朋友1)2)3)4)make friends with sb A friend in need is a close friends 密友和某人交朋友friend indeed.患难朋友才是真的朋友。bosom friend 矢口己boy friend girl friendfriendly adj.friendly nations a friendly smile a friendly welcome友好的友邦一个友好的微笑友好的欢迎a friendly manner 友好的态度ly结尾的形容词：friendly lonely 孤独的 silly 蠢的 broth

20、erly 兄长般的lovely可爱的 deadly致命的 likely可能的 7. waiter （饭店，旅馆，餐厅等）服务员waitress女服务员-ess女性的象征actor actress prince 王子 princess 王妃，公主tiger tigress 8. lend v. 借，借出去lend-lent-lentlend sb sth=lend sth to sb 借给某人某物borrow sth for sb 像某人借某物eg. Can you lend me 200 Yuan?你能借给我 200 块钱吗？I 11 pay you back tomorrow.我明天就还给你

21、。eg. I lent that CD to John but never got it back. 我把 cd 借给 John 了，但是再 也拿不回了。lend sb a hand = give sb help 帮谁忙lend sb an ear （耐心地）倾听be living on borrowed time 大难不死lender 出借人，贷方borrower 借东西的人，借方 9. decision . n.决定decide v. 决定decide to do 决定做某事make up one s mind to do下定决心做eg. I decided to study anothe

22、r foreign language. 我决定再学一门语言。二1 made up my mind to study another foreign language.eg. With so many choices, it s hard to decide which to buy.这么多选择，真不知道该买哪个。eg. It s difficult to decide between the two.这两者之间很难选择。make a decision 做出决定reach a decision come to a decision arrive at a decision 做出决定eg. On

23、the last day of my holiday, I made a big decision.eg. Anyone who lacks decision shouldn, t be a leader.那些缺乏决定能力的人是不能当领导的。 10. whole1） adj.完全的，整体的，全部的相当于entire; complete作为形容词，作定语来使用。a whole day 一整天 three whole days 三整天the whole country the whole worldeg. Let s forget the whole affair.我们忘了这件事情吧。把它彻底忘掉

24、吧。二Let s forget the whole matter/thing.2） n.整个，整体eg. Four quarters make a wholequarter n. 四分之一,一季度，一刻钟eg. Cut the apple into quarters. 把苹果切成四瓣。Half n. 一半eg. Two halves make a whole.两个一半构成一个整体。Half of the work is done.一半工作被完成了。as a whole 整个地on the whole总的来说，一般来讲eg. On the whole, I agree with your dec

25、ision. 总的来说，我同意你的观点。Wholesale 批发 wholesaler 批发商retail 零售 retail dealer / retail trader 零售商1L single1) adj. 唯一的，单一的 only onea single letter 唯一的一封信a single apple hanging from the tree 树上挂着唯的苹果a single ticket 单程票 a round ticket / a return ticket 往返票2) adj.未婚的，独身的single men and women单身男女married 已婚的3) ad

26、j.单独一个人使用的a single bed 单人床 a double bed 双人床a single rooma double room4) adj. single-parent单亲a single-parent family一个单亲家庭关键句型Key StructuresSimple past 一般过去时1 .功能：表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间之内发生的动作或情况，通常搭配过去的某一段时间。eg. We visited the school last year, 我们去年参观了这个学校。2 .构成形式：1)规则变化：v. + edwalked, happened不规则变化：eat -

27、ate go - went see - saw come - came2) be - was / wereeg. I wasn t in yesterday.我昨天不在家。eg. I went to school by bike when I was young. 当我年轻的时候我骑车去上学。体会动词的过去式Policeman: Did you see the accident, sir?先生，你看到那个事故了吗？Man: Yes, I did. The driver of that car hit that post over there. 是的，我看到了。那个司机撞倒那个杆子上去。hit

28、- hit - hitP: What happened? 发生什么事了？M: A dog ran across the road and the driver tried to avoid it. The car suddenly came towards me. It climbed on to the pavement and crashed into that post. 一条 狗穿过马路，那位司机企图躲开狗。突然，汽车朝我开过来。它走上人行道，撞倒那根杆子 上o Pavement:人行道P: What did you do?你做了什么？M: I ran across the stree

29、t after the dog. 我穿过马路去追狗。P: Why did you do that? Were you afraid of the car?你为什么这样做呢？你怕汽车吗？M: I wasn t afraid of the car. I was afraid of the driver. The driver got out of the car and began shouting at me. He was very angry with me. You see, it was my dog.我不怕汽车。我怕那个司机。那个司机下车并对我大喊。一般过去时与一般现在时的区别：Her

30、 brother was an artist. 他的哥哥是一个艺术家。Was表示已去世Her brother is an artist. 尚健在That s allThat s allI had to say.I have to say.这是我要说的。（话已说完）这是我要说的。（言之未尽）It was so nice to see you.我真高兴见到你。（离别时说）It is so nice to see you.我真高兴见到你。（见面时说）一般过去时的练习：My friend, Roy,(die) last year. He (leave) me his CD player and his

31、collection of CDs. Roy (spend) a lot of money on CDs. He (buy) one or two new CDs every week. He never (go) to the cinema or to the theatre. He (stay) at home every evening and (listen) to music. He often (lend) CDs to his friends. Sometimes they （keep） them. He （lose） many CDs in this way.died left

32、 spent bought went stayed listened lent kept lost课文讲解TextPostcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Eve

33、ry day I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!1. Postcards always spoil my holidays.always

34、总是（频度副词）holidayholiday较长的假期不能指一天的假期a holiday指一天的假期go on holiday 去度假 be on holiday 正在度假 vacation1）法定假日（宗教假日，国家庆典）英美都用holiday。2）每年的例行休假，英式holiday,美式vacationleave指雇员因某种原因而获准休假 ask for a leave 请假take French leave 不辞而别leave in an English style （法）不辞而别2. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and

35、 sat in public gardens. Italy Italian public garden 公园3. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian, teachteach sb sth 双宾语 tought me a few words of Italianteach myself English 自学英语teach sb a lesson / give sb a lesson教训I某人一顿teach sb to do sthteach fish to swim 班门弄斧=teach your grandmother to s

36、uck eggseducate知识和智慧全面的培养，通常由学校进行的正规教育。teach指某一学科或某种技能的各种教育程度。coach非正规的教导，可能为某一学科进行辅导，或对体育运动进行指导。train训练，使在行为，技能或体能上达到要求。instruct教授某人学校科目；传授某人技巧；指导；命令word n.1) 词 new words and expressions2)话，语言eg. I don t believe a word of his story. 他的话我一句也不相信。3)消息eg. Word came that he had run into trouble. 有消息传来说他

37、现在麻烦了。短语eg. Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜于语言。have a word in sb s ear和某人说句悄悄话have a word with sb和某人说一句话have words with sb 和某人吵架have word from sb 听到，受到某人消息4. Then he lent me a book.lend sb sth 借给某人什么东西5. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word, read - read - read ri:d red red6. Ever

38、y day I thought about postcards.think about + n. /doing 思考，思索，回想，想起eg. Do you often think about your childhood? 你经常回想你的童年时代吗？think of 考虑，想起，记起eg. I thought of postcards. 我总是想起明信片。7. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends.1) pass v. (passed)2) send sth to sb=send sb stheg.

39、 I did not send cards to my friends. = I didn t send my friends postcards.8. On the last day I made a big decision.make a decision 做出决定9. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards.10. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!spend 花费，通常指某人花费了时间，金钱，精力等sb spend time/money

40、/energy on sth 某人花费时间、金钱、精力在某事上sb spend time/money/energy (in) doing sth 某人花费时间、金钱、精力做某事eg. He spends money as if he were a millionaire. 他花起钱来就好像是个百万富翁 一样。eg. She spends all her money and time on clothes.她花费所有的时间和钱在买衣服上。=She spends all her money and time in buying clothes.eg. I spend a whole hour in

41、 explaining the importance of learning English to him. 我花了整整一小时来给他解释学校英语的重要性。Special Difficulties过去式功能：动词过去式表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或情况。英语中有些动词可以加双宾语，这些动词大多具有“给予”的含义。eg. He lent me a book, (me:简介宾语)(a book:直接宾语)一般简介宾语置于直接宾语之前，一旦简介宾语置于直接宾语之后，简介宾语前要加to 或for来表达。To表示动作对谁所做，表示方向性；for表示为了谁所做，是目的性。He lent a b

42、ook to me.eg. He sent me a card. He sent a card to me.He passed me the salt. He passed the salt to me.He bought me a tie. He bought a tie for me.She made me a cake. She made a cake for me.Exercise:改写下列句子1) He paid the shopkeeper some money.He paid some money to the shopkeeper.2) He handed me the pri

43、ze.He handed the prize to me.3) The waiter brought a bottle of beer to the man.The waiter brought the man a bottle of beer.4) He sold all his books to me.He sold me all his books.5) The shop assistant found some curtain material for me.The shop assistant found me some curtain material.6) He did me a big favour. do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙He did a big favour for me.7) She showed her husband her new hat.She showed her new hat to her husband.8) She promised a reward to the finder.