初中英语中的“主谓一致”课件.ppt
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1、初中英语中的初中英语中的“主谓一致主谓一致”Thisis Itwas builtinTherearetwofloorsThefoodthereisThegoodsthereareMostpeoplelike英语中主语和谓语保持一致叫主谓一致,即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单、复数形式变化而变化。考查主谓一致的常见题型有单项选择和时态填空等。突破这类题目的方法是熟练掌握主谓一致的原则做题时仔细比较,分析,以提高做题的精确度。n一、最基本的主谓一致规则n最基本的“主谓一致”规则是:“单则单,复则复”,即主语为单数时,谓语动词也用相应的单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词也用相应的复数形式。n但要注意:当
2、表示时间、长度、距离、金钱、度量等词组作主语时,常将其看作是一个整体,谓语动词要用单数形式。n另外,加减乘除也常当作整体对待,谓语动词也用单数形式。e.g.I am a teacher.They go to the movies once a week.e.g.Four plus six is ten.e.g.Ten dollars is enough.n二、集体名词作主语时,谓语动词的使用nfamily,family,class,class,teamteam等集体名词作主语时,若指一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;但若指其成员时,谓语动词用复数形式。e.g.The family is very
3、big.Their family are watching TV now.n三、politics,physics,works,the United States,news,maths等词作主语时,谓语动词的使用n这类词语貌似复数,意义上却是单数的名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。n但要注意有些名词,如:peoplepeople(人;人们),policepolice等形式为单数,意义是复数,谓语动词要用复数形式。e.g.The news is very exciting.Physics is a bit difficult for me.e.g.People there are very fri
4、endly.n四、两个主语用and连接时,谓语动词的使用 and连接两个名词(或代词)作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数形式。但要注意:and连接的两个名词只表示一个概念时,谓语动词要用单数形式。e.g.Mary and Helen are good friends.e.g.A singer and dancer is coming.一个歌手兼舞蹈家就要来了。一个歌手兼舞蹈家就要来了。五、many a 单数名词(许多);more than one 单数名词(不止一);each A and each B;every A and every B等结构作主语时谓语动词用单数e.g.Every hour a
5、nd every minute is important.More than one person here is going to find a new job.n六、不定代词作主语时,谓语动词的使用n1.something,1.something,everything,everything,anything,anything,nothing,nothing,everybody,everybody,anybody,anybody,nobody,nobody,everyone,everyone,anyoneanyone等不 定 代 词,以 及eithereither(either either
6、 of),of),neither(neither neither(neither of),of),each each(each(each of),of),each each one,one,no oneno one等代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。e.g.Neither of the answers is right.Something is wrong with my computer.2.both,few,a few,many,several,other等它们所修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。e.g.A few people live to 100,but few people
7、 live to 150.Many of them have computers.n七、单数名词作主语,尽管后面有with,as well as,like,except,but等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式 e.g.1.The teacher with his students has gone to the library.2.Is the woman like you your mother?3.No one except the teachers knows the answer.n八、动词不定式(或动词不定式短语),V-ing形式以及名词性从句作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。1.To
8、1.To eat eat in in a a fast fast food food restaurant restaurant is cheap and saves time.is cheap and saves time.2.Climbing hills is good exercise.2.Climbing hills is good exercise.3.What we need now is time.3.What we need now is time.n九、在定语从句中,关系代词九、在定语从句中,关系代词who,which,that 作主语时,其谓语动词的数应也先行词作主语时,其
9、谓语动词的数应也先行词保持一致。保持一致。Those who want to go should meet here.Tom likes music that has great lyrics.n十.Therebe结构的就近原则Therebe句型中的be动词的人称和数常常与最近作主语的词语保持一致。e.g.There is a teacher,a desk,some desks and some chairs in the classroom.n十一、并 列 结 构 或 连 词(neither.nor.,either.or.,not.but.,not only.but also.)连接的并列主
10、语,谓语动词与靠近的那个名词或代词保持一致,即就近原则。nbothand表示“和都”,谓语动词一般用复数形式。e.g.Neither he nor I know anything about it.Not only the students but also the teacher visited the museum.e.g.Both his father and mother are doctors.n主谓一致正误辨析主谓一致正误辨析n同学们在主谓一致问题上经常会犯判断失误的错误,现将有关主谓一致现象的难点归纳如下:n一、主语为单数集体名词,谓语动词用复数的情况n例1警察正在城里搜捕一名小
11、偷。n误 The police is searching the city for a thief.The police is searching the city for a thief.n正 The police are searching the city for a thief.The police are searching the city for a thief.n析 police,people,cattle(牛)等词虽然形式上是单数,但意义上却为复数,谓语动词需用复数形式。n例2在我国老人受到很好的照顾。n误 The old is taken good care of in o
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