2023年考研外语模拟卷9.docx

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1、考研外语模拟卷9一、Use of English1、 The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases (1)trial of Rosemary West. In a significant (2) of legal controls over the press. Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a (3)bill that will propose

2、making payments to witnesses (4) and will strictly control the amount of (5)that can be given to a case (6)a trial begins. In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of commons media select committee. Lord Irvine said he (7) with a committee report this year which said that self regulation

3、 did not (8)sufficient control. (9)of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a (10)of media protest when he said the (11)of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges (12)to Parliament.The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which (1

4、3)the European Convention on Human Rights legally (14) in Britain, laid down that everybody was (15)B. schools and studentsC. food and manpower resourcesD. all of the above6、Women are, on the whole, more verbal than men. They are good at language and verbal reasoning, while men tend to be skilled at

5、 tasks demanding visual spatial abilities. In fact, along with aggression, these are the most commonly accepted differences between the sexes.Words are tools for communicating with other people, especially information about people. They are mainly social tools. Visual and spatial abilities are good

6、for imagining and manipulating objects and for communicating information about them. Are these talents programmed into the brain? In some of the newest and most controversial research in neurophysiology, it has been suggested that when it comes to the brain, males are specialists while women are gen

7、eralists.But no one knows what, if anything, this means in terms of the abilities of the two sexes. Engineering is both visual and spatial, and its true that there are relatively few women engineers. But women become just as skilled as men at shooting a rifle or driving a car, tasks that involve vis

8、ual spatial skills. They also do equally well at programming a computer,which is neither visual nor spatial. Women do, however, seem less likely to fall in love with the objects themselves. We all know men for whom machines seem to be extensions of their identity. A woman is more likely to see her c

9、ar, rifle, or computer as a useful tool, but not in itself fascinating.According to the passage, women are usually good at .A.body languageB.logical reasoningC. tasks demanding for the use of wordsD.both A and BThe word accepted in the last sentence of the first paragraph roughly means .A. believedB

10、. assumedC. receivedD. reconciledIn the author5 s opinion, visual and spatial abilities are good for .A. achieving ones objectsB. mind and bodyC. programming talents into the brainD. imagination and communicationAll the following tasks involve visual spatial skills EXCEPTA. imagining and handling ob

11、jectsB. providing a computer with a set of instructionsC.shooting a gun and driving an automobileD. planning and making things as an engineer doesWhy do women seem less likely to fall in love with the objects themselves?A. Because they have no visual spatial skills.B. Because they are only good at l

12、anguage and verbal reasoning.C. Because they are less likely to see their charming or interesting aspects.D.Because they rarely use machines such as cars, titles, computers, etc.11 Investment in the public sector, such as electricity, irrigation, public services and transport (excluding vehicles, sh

13、ips and planes) increased by about 10%, although the emphasis moved to the transport and away from the other sectors mentioned.Trade and services recorded a 16% 17% investment growth, including a 30% increase in investment in business premises. Industrial investment is estimated to have risen by 8%.

14、 Although the share of agriculture in total gross in vestment in the economy continued to decline, investment grew 9% in absolute terms, largely spurred on by a 23% expansion of investment in agricultural equipment. Housing construction had 12% more invested in it in 1964, not so much owing to incre

15、ased demand, as to fears of new taxes and limitation of building.Total consumption in real terms rose by close on 11% during 1964, and per capital personal consumption by under 7%, as in 1963. The undesirable trend towards a rapid rise in consumption, evident in previous years, remained unaltered. S

16、ince at current prices consumption rose by 16% and disposable income by 13%, there was evidently a fall in the rate of saving in the private sector of the economy. Once again consumption patterns indicated a swift advance in the standard of living. Expenditure on food declined in significance, altho

17、ugh consumption of fruit increased.Spending on furniture and household equipment, health, education and recreation continued to increase. The greatest proof of altered living standards was the rapid expansion ofexpenditure on transport (including private cars) and personal services of all kinds, whi

18、ch occurred during 1964. The progressive wealth of large sectors of the public was demonstrated by the changing composition of durable goods purchased. Saturation point was rapidly being approached for items such as the first household radio, gas cookers, and electric, refrigerators, whereas increas

19、ing purchases of automobiles and television sets were registered.the author thinks that the trend towards a rapid rise in consumption was undesirable because .A.people saved lessB.people were wealthyC.people consumed lessD.expenditures on luxuries increasedExpenditure increased on all the following

20、consumption EXCEPTA. foodB. automobilesC. educationD. entertainmentIt can be inferred from the increase of fruit consumption thatA.people had to spend more on transportation and furnitureB.people were more health consciousC.people were more money consciousD.the price of fruit dropped dramatically14、

21、 The word registered in the last line most probably means.A. markedB. approachedC. listedD. bookedFrom this passage, we learn that the people .A.spend more money than they earnedB. saved more money than previouslyC.spent their money wiselyD. invested and consumed at an accelerated pace16 Anthropolog

22、y is the study of human beings as creatures of society. It fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics and industrial techniques, those conventions and values, which distinguish one community from all othersthat belong to a different tradition.The distinguishing mark of anthropology am

23、ong the social sciences is that it includes for serious study more other societies than our own. For its purposes any social regulation of mating and reproduction is as significant as our own, though it may be that of the Sea Dyaks, and have no possible historical relation to that of our civilizatio

24、n. To the anthropologist, our customs and those of a New Guinea tribe are two possible social schemes for dealing with a common problem, arid in so far as he remains an anthropologist he is bound to avoid any weighting of one in favor of the other, lie is interested in human behavior, not as it is s

25、haped by one tradition, our own, but as it has been shaped by any tradition whatsoever. He is interested in a wide range of custom that is found in various cultures, and his object is to understand the way in which these cultures change and differentiated, the different forms through which they expr

26、ess themselves and the manner in which the customs of any peoples function in the lives of the individuals.Now custom has not been commonly regarded as a subject of any great moment. The inner workings of our own brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but custom, we have a wayof thin

27、king, is behavior, at its most commonplace. As a matter of fact, it is the other way round. Traditional custom is a mass of detailed behavior, more astonishing than what any one person can ever evolve in individual actions. Yet that is a rather trivial aspect of the matter. The fact of first rate im

28、portance is the predominant role that custom plays in experience and belief, and the very great varieties it may manifest.According to the passage, we can say that anthropology.A. can deal with human beings as one group of the creatures in the living worldB.can reveal an enormous diversity of tradit

29、ionsC. can provide insights into the relationship between human beings and natureD.can distinguish the human race from other creatures17、For serious study, an anthropologist.A. must not study his own cultureB. is not supposed to have a prejudice against any societyC. should focus on those societies

30、which are historically related to each otherD. is obliged to work only on those societies which have no historical relationship to each otherIn the third paragraph, the author is trying.A. to be critical of customB. to say that anthropology is more important than psychologyC. to strengthen the role

31、custom plays in experience and beliefD. to draw our attention to the importance of customWhich of the following does the author most probably agree with?A. The goal of the anthropologist is to understand the way in which people express themselves.B. The anthropologist tries to understand why culture

32、s are carried on without any change.C.The anthropologists professional interest is as wide as the variety of customs.D. All of the above.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Human behavior.B.Creatures of Society.C.The Science of Custom.D.The Functions of Cultures.18、 Part B (1

33、0 points)In the following text, some sentences have been removed. ForQuestions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list (A、 B、C、D、E F、G) to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are several extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. (10 points)The days are getting shorter and t

34、he house-price forecasts are dropping faster than the last of the autumn leaves. Forecasts of a price crash, which began life as a minority view, are now banging in the middle of the mainstream.(41) .One of the most aggressive interest-rate forecasts is from John OSullivan at Dresdner Kleinwort Wass

35、erstein. He expects the Bank of England to cut the base rate to 40% by the end of next year in efforts to limit the house-price drop to 5%.(42) . But these things can change rapidly.The shift in rate expectations, particularly among City economists, has been dramatic, and it is reflected in the curr

36、ency markets. (43).The other impact of housing will be on firms, particularly retailers. The Bank has been working hard to try to prove that housing and consumer spending have decoupled”, because the final two years of the boom in house prices coincided with ato privacy and that public figures could

37、 go to court to protect themselves and their families.“Press freedoms will be in safe hands (16) our British judges, /z he said. Witness payments became an (17)after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were (18)to have received payments for telling their stories to ne

38、wspapers.Concerns were raised (19) witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to (20) guilty verdicts.A. as toB. for instanceC. in particularD. such as2、A.tighteningB. intensifyingC.focusingD.fastening3、(3)A. sketchB. roughsoftening of spending growth. (44).Charlie Bean, the

39、Banks chief economist, repeated the “decoupling case last week, but admitted there were big uncertainties.And underlying this quest for understanding has been the fear, certainly for the chancellor and his political advisers, that boom could turn to bust. For a government that promised no return to

40、boom and bust, the excuse that only one part of the economy had turned to bust would cut little ice with voters. The relationship between house prices and election outcomes is not a perfect one. Having slipped in 2000, prices were rising strongly at the time of the 2022 election, which Labour won co

41、mfortably. (45) .The change in the housing climate will be a test in another way. In the budget the Treasury factored in a modest slowdown in consumer spending next year, from just over 3% to 2.5%, but within the context of strong overall growth of 3% to 3. 5%, with exports and investment taking up

42、the slack.A. Capital Economics, which got there first, had its 20% price fall starting this year with a 5% drop and continuing for another couple of years.B. My view is that the Banks monetary policy committee, havingworked hard to get rates up from last years emergency low level of 3. 5% to the pre

43、sent 4.75%, won t surrender cuts without a fight and would like to keep rates where they are for quite a long time.C. But Mervyn King, the governor, is too good an economist to have real confidence in a view based on a short run of data. When the housing market tanked in the past, consumer spending

44、suffered. In the absence of better evidence to the contrary, that has to be the assumption this time.D. Booming house prices were as welcome at the Treasury as flower arrangements at a hay-fever convention. The Treasury could not understand how, having delivered low-inflation economic stability, it

45、had a housing boom as powerful as in the unstable days of the late 1980s.E. It has hit the financial markets in at least three ways. The housing downturn has changed perceptions about the interest-rate outlook.F. The pound has been climbing against the dollar but slipping against the euro. Its rise

46、against the sickly dollar would have been much bigger had it not coincided with the softening of the outlook for rates.G. On the other hand, the Tories lost the 1997 election despitea strong housing market, having won in 1992 at a time when prices were falling. Margaret Thatchers 1983 and 1987 victo

47、ries came when prices were soaring.22、 (42)23、 (43)24、 (44)25、 (45)26 Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. (10 points)What makes a city good for business? Employers usually list a skilled workforce, good transport links, low pro

48、perty costs and good communications networks as top priorities.(46)As computer and telephone networks become increasingly sophisticated, businesses no longer have to be tied to one place or run all their operations on one site. Most of the country now has access to broadband.Insurance giant Norwich Union is one company which now operates from 1,200 sites nationwide, all linked up through a single network. (47)Call centres can operate as easily from Liverpool as from London and employees can be scattered across the country, working from home and keeping in touch with the office viae-m