贵州省铜仁市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、铜仁市2022年高二年级质量检测试卷英语学科本试卷共8页。全卷满分120分。考试用时100分钟。注意事项:1 .答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在 答题卡上的指定位2 .选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3 .非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸 和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4 .考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所

2、给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂Jagged Little Pill the MusicalNominated （提名）for 15 Tony Awards, and a recent Grammy winner for Best Musical Theatre Album, this production is about a perfectly imperfect family living in 21st century suburb. With music and lyrics by Alanis Morissette and an original

3、story written by Oscar Award winner Diablo Cody, this explosive production is directed by Tony Award winner Diane Paulus, with music supervision by Tony Award and Pulitzer Prize winner Tom Kitt.HamiltonThe Tony, Grammy, Olivier and Pulitzer Prize winning musical arrives at Melbournes Her Majestys Th

4、eatre in March. Hamilton has taken the story of American founding father Alexander Hamilton and created a revolutionary moment in theatrea musical that has had a great impact on culture, politics and education. With book, music and lyrics by Lin-Manuel Miranda, Hamilton is based on Ron Chernows famo

5、us biography.Melbourne International Comedy FestivalComedians will take over stages in all corners of the city, delivering COVID-safe laughs and comedy good times to audiences in person and online. The festival has something to make everyone amused, with free familyentertainment, worldclass special

6、events, solo shows and late-night shows. There will be plenty of familiar funny【16题详解】 根据上文 u Deciding that they arent good enough to devote much of your time to makes them seem unimportant. It also sends the message that you dont respect them enough to make them a big part of your life.（如果你认为他 们不够好

7、，无法投入你的大部分时间，那么他们就显得不重要了。这也传达了这样一个信息：你没有足够 尊重他们，使他们成为你生活中的主要部分。）”可知，上文介绍了一种和室友相处时的不当行为，那就是 没有足够重视你的室友，C项意为“这可能会对你的同伴造成消极影响。”，能够承接上文，如果你没有 足够重视你的室友，意味着你没有足够尊重他们，这可能会对你的同伴造成消极影响。故选C。【17题详解】根据上文 “Give praise. Your partner needs to hear what you like about them, even if youve been together fbr long.（给予赞

8、扬。即使你们在一起很长时间了，你们的同伴也需要听听你们喜欢他们什么。）”可知，上文 告诉我们要学会称赞室友，D项意为“不要以为他们已经知道你的感受了。”，能够承接上文，我们要学 会称赞我们的室友，不要以为他们已经知道我们的感受了。故选D。【18题详解】根据下文 u Adopt this same way of thinking for your partner. Choosing to be kind, and polite shows you respect them, which can make a world of difference in your relationship.（对你

9、的同伴采用同样的思维方式。选择友善 和礼貌表明你尊重他们，这可以让你们的关系大不相同。）”可知，上文告诉我们要用良好的态度对待我们 的室友，要对他们友善和礼貌，这表明你尊重他们，B项意为“采取良好的态度。，能够概括段落主 旨，下文具体介绍了什么是良好的态度和这样做带来的好处。故选B。【19题详解】根据上文 “It，s easy to concentrate on what your partner does wrong, particularly if you feel they are lacking in a few areas.（你很容易把注意力集中在你的同伴做错了什么上，尤其是当你觉得

10、他们在几个方面有所欠缺的 时候。）”可知，上文告诉我们，在与室友相处的过程中，我们很容易把注意力集中在他们做错了什么上， G项意为“相反，试着专注于你的同伴做得对或擅长什么。，能够承接上文，且符合段落主旨，我们不 要把注意力集中在室友做错了什么上，相反，试着专注于他们做得对或擅长什么。故选G。【20题详解】不艮据上文 “Being honest strengthens your bond with your partner and shows that you are trustworthy.（诚实会力口 强你与同伴的关系，表明你是值得信赖的。）”可知，上文告诉我们，对待室友要诚实，F项意为“

11、告诉你 的同伴实情，即使听到很痛苦。，能够承接上文，对待室友要诚实，要告诉他们实情，即使听到实情， 他们会很痛苦。故选F。第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）High school senior, Jonathan Walker is unquestionably celebrating an amazing milestone in his life. The Florida teen has been 21 into 27 universities and received up to $4 million in scholarship

12、s.“It was just a surprise to see that they wanted me to 22 their institution, and that they were offering me 23.it was just a ton of excitement/9 Walker said during an interview with ABC News Linsey Davis.The 18-year-old Florida student 24 to colleges and universities that included Harvard, Stanford

13、, Yale, and MIT. 25, the teen was very surprised when he was admitted to all of the universities. He toldCBS Miami in an interview that, “Thats such a 26 thing to occur, but it did happen. However,27 he has been accepted to all of his choices, the teen is working on 28 the list down. “Ill be able to

14、 make a pretty confident 29As a matter of fact, Walker is also 30 in science club, the international Baccalaureate program,and the school football team. The amazingly 31 18-year-old has also been working with a partner on awrist device that 32 people who are blind and deaf to communicate better with

15、 people.It is no 33 that Walker is thinking engineering as a 34 major alongside becoming anentrepreneur（企业家）.Tm mostly interested in engineering as well entrepreneurship, but Tm also 35the possibility of creating my own major since I have a ton of different 36 J Walker said.He continued, My parents

16、37 me a chemistry set a couple of years ago. And then from there Ireally 38 that I could use engineering to help people. And so I just became super interested in creating39 that could help disadvantaged communities and people 40 a challenging period.”21.A.acceptedB.includedC.adoptedD.introduced22.A.

17、visitB.appreciateC.confirmD.attend23.A.admissionB.honourC.awardsD.challenges24.A.devotedB.appliedC.appealedD.contributed25.A.HopefullyB.FortunatelyC.UndoubtedlyD.Unusually26.A.naturalB.rareC.preciousD.casual27.A.if onlyB.now thatC.even thoughD.in case28.A.turningB.takingC.narrowingD.choosing29.A.dec

18、isionB.mindC.approachD.plan30.A.flexibleB.generousC.patientD.active31.A.carefulB.determinedC.diverseD.hardworking32.A.advisesB.remindsC.ensuresD.allows33.A.wonderB.useC.pointD.chance34.A.commonB.potentialC.temporaryD.formal35.A.attemptingB.predictingC.imaginingD.exploring36.A.interestsB.methodsC.mis

19、sionsD.colleges37.A.lentB.promisedC.broughtD.taught38.A.realizedB.proposedC.indicatedD.reflected39A.toolsB.devicesC.ideasD.positions40.A.taking overB.putting offC.making outD.going through【答案】21.A22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31.C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. A 39.

20、 B 40. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要说明了高中毕业生Jonathan Walker被27所大学录取，并获得了高 达400万美元的奖学金。介绍了他对此的看法，同时他对创造设备帮助人们也十分感兴趣。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名来自佛罗里达州的少年已经被27所大学录取，并获得了高达400万美元的 奖学金。A. accepted接受；B.included包括；C.adopted领养；D. introduced介绍。根据后文“into 27 universities”指被27所大学录取，应用accept。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到他们想让我上他们

21、的学校，并给我提供入学许可，我感到很惊讶。A. visit 拜访；B. appreciate感激；C. confirm确定；D. attend出席。根据后文“their institution”此处指上学,应用 attend o 故选 D。23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到他们想让我上他们的学校，并给我提供入学许可，我感到很惊讶。A.admission 许可，承认；B. honour 荣誉；C. awards 奖励；D. challenges 挑战。根据上文 “their institution, and that they were offering me,?可知，他们想让Jonath

22、an Walker来自己的学校上学，所以提供入学许可。故选 Ao【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位18岁的佛罗里达学生申请了包括哈佛、斯坦福、耶鲁和麻省理工在内的 大学。A. devoted奉献；B.叩plied应用，申请；C.appealed呼吁；D. contributed贡献。根据后文“to colleges and universities that included Harvard, Stanford, Yale, and MIT” 指他申请了很多大学，故选 Bo 【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，当这个少年被所有的大学录取时，他感到非常惊讶。A. Hopefu

23、lly 有希望地；B.Fortunately幸运地；C.Undoubtedly无疑地；D. Unusually不寻常。根据后文“the teen was very surprised when he was admitted to all of the universities.,可知得知被所有大学录取无疑会感到惊讶。故 选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在迈阿密哥伦比亚广播公司的一次采访中说：“这是非常罕见的事情，但 它确实发生了。 A. natural自然的；B. rare罕有的；C. precious宝贵的；D. casual随意的。同时被27所大 学录取是很罕见的事情。故

24、选B。【27题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：然而，由于他的所有选择都被接受了，这位青少年正在努力缩小选择范围。A. ifonly只要；B.nowthat由于；C.even though虽然；D. incase万一。引导原因状语从句，表示“由于”应 用 now thato 故选 B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于他的所有选择都被接受了，这位青少年正在努力缩小选择范围。A. turning转弯;B.taking带走;C. narrowing缩小；D. choosing选择。根据后文“the list down”指缩小选择 的范围，应用narrow down。故选C。【29题详解】

25、考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我将能够做出一个非常自信的决定。 A. decision决定；B.mind思维；C. approach方法；D. plan计划。结合上文可知，这名少年将在这些学校做出决定，故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，沃克还积极参加科学俱乐部、国际学士学位课程和学校足球队。A. flexible 灵活的；B. generous 慷慨的；C. patient 耐心的;D. active 积极的。根据后文 in science club, the international Baccalaureate program, and the school footba

26、ll team” 可知，沃克还积极参加科学俱乐部、国际学 土学位课程和学校足球队。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位才华横溢18岁少年还与一位合作伙伴合作开发了一种手腕设备，让盲 人和聋哑人更好地与人交流。A. careful自信的；B.determined坚定的；C.diverse多样的，才华洋溢的；D. hardworking努力工作的。结合后文可知沃克与一位合作伙伴合作开发了一种手腕设备，让盲人和聋哑人更 好地与人交流，可见很有才华。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位才华横溢的18岁少年还与一位合作伙伴合作开发了一种手腕设备，让盲 人和聋哑人更好地与人交

27、流。A. advises建议；B. reminds提醒；C. ensures确保;D. allows允许。根据后文 “people who are blind and deaf to communicate better with people可知这种设备可以让盲人和聋哑人更好地 与人交流。allow sb. tod。sth.“允许某人做某事”。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：难怪沃克除了想成为一名企业家，还想把工程作为一个潜在的专业。A. wonder 好奇；B. use 使用；C. point要点；D. chance机会。此处为句型“it is no wonder that”

28、表示“难 怪”。故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：难怪沃克除了想成为一名企业家，还想把工程作为一个潜在的专业。A.common普通的;B. potential潜在的；C.temporary暂时的;D.formal正式的。根据后文amajor alongside becoming an entrepreneur,指把工程作为一个潜在的专业。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最感兴趣的是工程和创业，但我也在探索创建自己专业的可能性，因为我有 很多不同的兴趣。A. attempting尝试;B. predicting预测；C.imagining想象；D.exploring

29、探索。根据后文 “the possibility of creating my own major v指探索专业的可能性。故选 D。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最感兴趣的是工程和创业，但我也在探索创建自己专业的可能性，因为我有 很多不同的兴趣。A. interests兴趣；B.methods方法；C.missions任务；D. colleges大学。结合上文的描述 可知，沃克兴趣广泛，故选A。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父母儿年前给我买了一套化学仪器。A. lent借给；B. promised承诺；C.bought购买;D. taught教学。根据后文“me a che

30、mistry set”指购买了化学仪器，应用buy。故选C。38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我真正意识到我可以用工程学来帮助人们。A. realized意识到；B.proposed 提议；C. indicated 表明；D. reflected 反思。根据后文“that T could use engineering to help people” 可知，指Jonathan Walker意识到可以用工程学来帮助人们。故选A。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我对创造设备非常感兴趣，这些设备可以帮助弱势社区和人们度过一个充 满挑战的时期。A. tools工具；B. devi

31、ces设备；C. ideas想法；D. positions位置。呼应上文中18-year-old has also been working with a partner on a wrist device v指对创造设备非常感兴趣，故选 Bo【40题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我对创造设备非常感兴趣，这些设备可以帮助弱势社区和人们度过一个充 满挑战的时期。A. taking over接管;B.putting off推迟；C.making out理解；D.going through经历，度 过。根据后文“a challenging period”指帮助弱势社区和人们度过一个充满挑战的时期

32、。故选D。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。People around the world spend billions of dollars every year 41 (try) to look younger. Companies produce thousands of creams, pills and treatments for our skin to look younger. In addition, scientists42 (work) for decades on trying to slow

33、 down the ageing process. This week, scientists made 43 breakthrough. They have developed a method to time jump cells in human skin. The scientists say they can turn back the ageing clock in cells by 30 years, 44 could make skin look younger. Skin cells in their tests kept all of the important 45 (f

34、unction), The scientists say their work is still 46 an early stage, but it could help people look younger in the future.The technique 47 (develop) by the scientists could change medicine and health. The lead researcher, Dr Diljeet Gill, said: So far, weve only tested this technique in skin cells. We

35、re 48 (excite) to see if we can translate it across other cell types. This means it could 49 (use) to treat skin problems, such as burns. The scientists hope their technique could also help other parts of the body. Their new method could50(additional) help to heal cuts more quickly, especially in ol

36、der people. The scientists said their work might one day help us look younger. It could actually reverse the ageing process.【答案】41. trying42. have worked43. a 44. which45. functions46. at 47. developed48. excited49. be used50. additionally【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员开发了一种方法，可以在不失去细胞特有功能的情况下 逆转细胞的衰老时钟。

37、41题详解】考查动名词。句意：世界各地的人们每年花费数十亿美元试图让自己看起来更年轻。分析句子可知，此处 考查固定短语spenddoing，意为“花做某事”，空处应填动名词。故填trying。【42题详解】考查动词时态。句意：止匕外，科学家们几十年来一直致力于减缓衰老过程。分析句子可知，空处前的 scientists为主语、且为复数形式，空处应填动词作谓语，结合时间状语for decades可知，此处应用现在完 成时，即have done结构。故填have workedo【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：本周，科学家们取得了突破。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语make a breakthrough

38、, 意为“取得突破”，故空处应填不定冠词a。故填a。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：科学家表示，他们可以将细胞中的衰老时钟倒转30年，这可以使皮肤看起来更年 轻。分析句子可知，此处考查引导非限制性定语从句的关系词，指代前面的整个内容，在从句中作主语， 应用which来引导定语从句。故填which。45题详解】考查名词。句意：测试中的皮肤细胞保留了所有重要的功能。分析句子可知，空处有形容词important修饰 空处，故空处应填名词，且有不定代词all修饰，因此此处应用名词复数形式。故填functions。【46题详解】考查介词。句意：科学家们表示，他们的工作仍处于早期阶段，但它可以帮助人们在

39、未来看起来更年轻。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语at an early stage,意为“在早期阶段”，故空处应填介词凯。故填at。【47题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家开发的技术可能会改变医药和健康。分析句子可知，空处应填动词非谓语 形式作后置定语，且空处与逻辑主语technique之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填 developed o48题详解】考查形容词。句意：我们很激动地看到我们是否可以将它转化到其他细胞类型中。分析句子可知，此处应 填形容词作表语，说明主语的感受，应用-ed结尾形容词excited。故填excited。【49题详解】考查动词语态。句意：这意味着它可以

40、用来治疗皮肤问题，如烧伤。分析句子可知，空处应填动词原形与 空处前的情态动词could一起充当复合谓语，而空处与主语之间是被动关系，故此处应用被动语态结构。故填 be usedo【50题详解】考查副词。句意：他们的新方法还可以帮助伤口更快愈合，尤其是对老年人。分析句子可知，空处应填副词做状语修饰动词help,应用副词形式additionallyo故填additionallyo第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节，短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51 .假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作业，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错 误。每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉

41、及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；52 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。When I was on my way to school on last Saturday afternoon, I saw a mother and her son preparing go across the street. A mother was going to run the red light while her

42、 son prevented her. The mother felt embarrassed and stops. With more and more cars coming into our families, it had greatly improved our lives. But unlucky, it has also brought many problems, such as heavy traffic and traffic accident. Traffic safety is everybodys business and we must obey the rules

43、 and we can tell our parents not to drink before we drive, not to run red lights, not to talk and laugh while drive etc.【答案】1 .删除last前on53 preparing 后添加 to54 A-The55 while-when56 stopsstopped57 had-has58 unlucky f unluckily59 accident-, accidents60 wef they61 .drive- driving【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者上周六看

44、到一位母亲闯红灯，被儿子制止了，感悟到交通安全是每 个人的事，我们必须遵守规则，我们可以告诉我们的父母在开车前不要喝酒，不要闯红灯，不要在开车时 说话和笑等等。【详解】1 .考查固定短语。句意：上周六下午，当我在去学校的路上时，我看到一位母亲和她的儿子正准 备过马路。短语last Saturday afternoon表示“上周五下午，前面不需要介词。故删除last前on。2 .考查固定短语。句意：上周六下午，当我在去学校的路上时，我看到一位母亲和她的儿子正准备过马 路。短语prepare to do sth.表示“准备做某事。故preparing后添加to。3 .考查冠词。句意：母亲正要闯红灯

45、，这时儿子拦住了她。此处特指上文提到的mother,应用定冠词the。 故A改为Theo4 .考查固定句型。句意：母亲正要闯红灯，这时儿子拦住了她。此处 句型sb. be going to do sth. when 表示“某人正要做某事，这时”。故while改为when。5 .考查时态。句意：母亲觉得不好意思，停了下来。事情发生在过去应用一般过去时。故stops改为 stopped o6 .考查时态。句意：随着越来越多的汽车进入我们的家庭，极大地改善了我们的生活。此处表示过去发生 的动作对现在产生的影响，用现在完成时，主语为储 助动词用has。故had改为has。7 .考查副词。句意：但不幸的

46、是，它也带来了许多问题，如交通拥挤和交通事故。修饰后文整个句子应用 副词 unluckily,作状语。故 unlucky 改为 unluckilyo8 .考查名词的数。句意：但不幸的是，它也带来了许多问题，如交通拥挤和交通事故。accident为可数名 词，前文没有冠词，应用复数形式。故accident改为accidents。9 .考查代词。句意：交通安全是每个人的事，我们必须遵守规则，我们可以告诉我们的父母在开车前他们 不要喝酒，不要闯红灯，不要在开车时说话和笑等等。此处指上文的“our parents”应用代词they。故we 改为theyo10 .考查省略句。句意：交通安全是每个人的事，

47、我们必须遵守规则，我们可以告诉我们的父母在开车前不 要喝酒，不要闯红灯，不要在开车时说话和笑等等。在while引导的状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语 一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be,从句完整形式为while they are driving,相当 于省略了 they areo故 drive 改为 driving。第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华，请你给你的外教Peter写一封电子邮件邀请他参加周五的篮球比赛。内容包括：1 .时间、地点；2 .比赛目的；3 .希望他参加。注意：1 .词数100左右；4 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Dear Peter,Im writing to tell you the basketball match to be held in our school and invite you to participate.Starting at 2 p.m. this Friday on the playground