重庆市江津第五中学校2021-2022学年高一下学期期中英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、江津五中202L2022学年度（下期）半期考试高一年级英语试题注意事项：回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Who will the man call?A.His boss.B. His

2、wife.C. A taxi driver.2.What does the man suggest the woman do?A.Wait on the phone. B. Order the pizza online.C.Drive to the pizza place.3.What does the woman want to do?A.Learn to make a video. B. Buy a coffee maker.C.Make some coffee.4.A.Go to class.B Meet the doctor.C.Take the womans shift.What w

3、ill the man do at 3 oclock on Friday?5.A.Difficult.B. Excellent.C. Boring.What does the man think of the lecture?第二节（共15小题；每小题L5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Who will send the file?A.

4、Sam.B. Carol.C . Lucy.儿组学生不同的活动以后的情感测试，结果显示：长期接触电子产品会让人缺失一些情感因素以及降低对 他人的理解能力。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 “ Many fbcus on the benefits of digital devices in education but ignore the costs/ said Patricia Greenfield from the University of California, losing the ability to understand the emotions（情感）of other peo

5、ple is one of the costs（加州大学的Patricia Greenfield说：“许多人只关注数字设备在教育中的好处，却忽 视了其代价。失去理解他人情绪的能力是代价之一。可知，根据Greenfield教授的说法，在教育中使 用数字设备会导致无法理解他人的情感。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“The study is not perfect in some sense, said the researchers. But scientists say that the study is still a warning for us.（研究人员说，从某种意义上说

6、，这项研究并不完美。但是科学家说，这项 研究仍然是对我们的一个警告）”可知，科学家们认为Greenfield教授的实验结果值得深思。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 “Researchers talked to 2,000 parents of children aged 2 - 16 in the UK about what activities their children could do confidently. The results were surprising. Their children could use a tablet （平: 板电脑）（59%）and

7、 work a mobile phone （57%） more confidently than they could tie their shoe laces （鞋带）（53%）!（研究人员与英国2000名年龄为2岁到16岁的孩子的父母谈论他们的孩子可以自信地做些什么活 动。结果令人惊讶。他们的孩子使用平板电脑（59%）和使用手机（57%）比系鞋带（53%）更有信心！）”可推 知，过多地使用数字设备引发了一些担忧。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中 “But now scientists have given us another warning: too much play w

8、ith smart phones or computers makes you dull too.（但是现在科学家们又给了我们另一个警告：玩太多的智能手机和电 脑也会让你变得迟钝）”结合文章主要讲述了科学家对于人们长期接触电子产品造成的影响的测试。通过对 几组学生不同的活动以后的情感测试，结果显示：长期接触电子产品会让人缺失一些情感因素以及降低对 他人的理解能力。故A选项“电子设备屏幕影响孩子的情绪”最符合文章标题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2,5分，满分125分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Memory loss: 4 tips t

9、o improve your memoryCant find your car keys? Forget your shopping list? Cant remember the name of the personal trainer you liked at the gym? 16 Everyone forgets things occasionally. Still, memory loss is nothing to take lightly.Although there are no guarantees when it comes to preventing memory los

10、s, certain activities might help. Consider four simple ways to sharpen your memory.1. 17Exercising increases blood flow to your whole body, including your brain. For most healthy adults, the Department of Health and Human Services recommends at least 150 minutes a week of moderate aerobic activity （

11、有氧运动）,such as walking, preferably spread throughout the week.2. Stay mentally activeJust as physical activity helps keep your body in shape, mentally active activities help keep your brain in shape 一 and might keep memory loss at bay. Do crossword puzzles. Play bridge. Take alternate routes when dri

12、ving.Volunteer at a local school. 183. Socialize regularlySocial interaction helps keep depression and stress away. 19 Look for chances to get together with loved ones, friends and others - especially if you live alone.4. Eat a healthy dietA healthy diet might be as good for your brain as it is for

13、your heart. Eat fruits, vegetables and whole grains. Choose low-fat protein sources, such as fish, beans and skinless meat. 20 Too much alcohol can lead to confusion and memory loss. So can drug use.A. It is so terrible.B. You are not alone.C. What you drink counts too.D. Learn to play a musical ins

14、trument.E. Both of them can contribute to memory loss.F. Include physical activity in your daily routine.G. Set aside a place for keys, glasses and other essentials.【答案】16.B17. F 18. D 19. E 20. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高记忆力的四个方法。【16题详解】根据空处下文“Everyone forgets things occasionally每个人都会偶尔忘记一些事情）”可知，每

15、个人都有遗 忘的时候。所以B项“You are not alone.（你并不是唯个）”承上启下。故选B项。【17题详解】根据空后第一句 Exercising increases blood flow to your whole body, including your brain.（锻炼可以增加血液 流向全身，包括大脑）”可知，本段时关于锻炼身体提高记忆力的方法。F选项“Include physical activity in your daily routine.（在日常生活中加入体育活动）”中的physical activity和exercising呼应。故选F项。【18题详解】根据空前四

16、句 Do crossword puzzles. Play bridge. Take alternate routes when driving. Volunteer at a local school.（做填字游戏。打桥牌。开车时走不同的路线。在当地学校做志愿者）”可知，此处都是在讲保持思 维活跃的方法。所以D选项“Learn toplay a musical instrument学习一种乐器）”给出的具体例子。故选D 项。【19题详解】根据空处上句“Social interaction helps keep depression and stress away.（社会互动有助于远离抑郁和压力

17、）” 可知，空格处应该讲述抑郁和压力的影响。E项“Both of them can contribute to memory loss.（两者都可能导 致记忆丧失）”中的Both of them是指代的前句中的depression and stress,论述抑郁和压力所产生的负面影 响。故选E项。【20题详解】根据空处下句“Too much alcohol can lead to confusion and memory loss.（过量的酒精会导致思维混乱和记忆 丧失）”结合小标题可知，这里是在介绍饮食的重要性。C选项“What you drink counts too.（你喝什么也很 重要

18、）”呼应主题，且选项中drink与下句的alcohol呼应。故选C项。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Last semester, I worked in a restaurant in my spare time. In the beginning, it was very 21 for me to learn the rules and remember the recipes. I had to stand there and 22, A

19、t the end of the day, I was so tiredthat I almost could do nothing.After a few days of working, the head waiter told me that I could take charge as a chief. I knew if I workedhard, I would take charge of a room. It meant I could get more 23, I was glad to do that.As new, it was not an easy thing to

20、24 all customers well. Sometimes, I dished up wrongly. Or I forgot the customers requirements. What was 25,1 overturned the plates twice. However, I could not be26 because of these difficulties.One day, I was about to be off duty when three foreigners came here. It was my first time to talk with a27

21、. Suddenly, my mind was blank even though I had memorized 3500 words. I began to speak slowly, butthink 28.“Excuse me, what can I do fbr you?” I said it word by word. At the same time, I showed them the29.No, we order . with some rice. They said so quickly that I could hardly understand what theywan

22、ted.“Pardon?” I asked with embarrassment.“Hum, there is no rice left. How about noodles? Like this and this. I felt 30 embarrassed. Icould not 31 the dish name to them and just showed the picture in the menu to them.On the way to school, I saw them again and we went the same way. They were students

23、too. They talked to me. I stumbled to respond to questions. I 32 about why I couldnt remember any words. However, I33 to this atmosphere gradually and began to talk to them more fluently. I restarted to pick up myconfidence again. They praised me for my self-confidence.It is memorable, for it was th

24、e first time to make a dent in my heart.34 self-confidence means halfsuccess. I believe in myself and wont35confidence any more.21. A. hardB. easyC. interestingD. exciting22. A. jumpB. shakeC. smileD. cry23. A. knowledgeB. energyC. timesD. tips24. A. acceptB. receiveC. welcomeD. serve25. A. worseB.

25、betterC. wrongD. good26. A. depressedB. defeatedC. killedD. teased27. A. strangerB. friendC. foreignerD. native28. A. flatB. fastC. carefullyD. carelessly29. A. menuB. brochureC. leafletD. bill30. A. mostlyB. hardlyC. extremelyD. narrowly31. A. translateB. transportC. callD. order32. A. debatedB. co

26、mplainedC. quarreledD. worried33. A. belongedB. contributedC. usedD. adapted34. A. GainingB. IncreasingC. BreakingD. Making35. A. buildB. loseC. haveD. lack【答案】21.A22. C 23. D 24. D25. A 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31.A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己在一家餐馆打工的经历及感悟一一拥有自信是成功的一半，要相 信自己。

27、【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，学会规则和记住食谱对我来说很难。A. hard困难的；B. easy容易 的；C. interesting 有趣的；D. exciting 令人激动的。根据下文 a At the end of the day, I was so tired that I almost could do nothing.v可推断，开始的时候，作者很难记住规则和食谱，一天下来，很疲惫。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不站在那里，微笑。A. jump跳；B.shake摇动；C. smile微笑；D. cry 哭。根据上文“I worked in a

28、 restaurant in my spare time.”可知，作者在餐馆里工作，因此工作时应该面带 笑容。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那意味着我可以得到更多的小费。A. knowledge知识；B. energy精力；C. times 次；时间；D. tips 小费。根据上文 uI would take charge of a room和下文 UI was glad to do that.可推断， 作者如果负责一个房间，可以得到更多的小费。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个新人，要很好地服务所有客户并不是一件容易的事。A. accept接受；B. re

29、ceive 收到；C. welcome 欢迎；D. serve 服务。根据下文 uSometimes, I dished up wrongly. Or I forgot the customers requirements.”可知，作者要给顾客提供服务。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，我打翻了两次盘子。A. worse更坏的；B.better更好的；C.wrong 错误的；D. good 好的。 上文 uSometimes, I dished up wrongly. Or I forgot the customersrequirements.?讲述作者有时候上错菜，

30、有时候忘记了顾客的要求。下文uI overturned the plates twice.,说 明打翻了两次盘子，应是更糟糕的事情。whats worse “更糟糕的是。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，我不能因为这些困难被打败。A. depressed使沮丧；B. defeated打败；C. killed杀死；D. teased嘲弄。However表示转折，上文讲述作者工作中的失误，因此推断然而作者认为自己 不能因为这些困难被打败。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我第一次与外国人交谈。A. stranger陌生人；B. friend朋友；C. foreig

31、ner 外国人；D. native 本地人。根据上文“One day, I was about to be off duty when three foreigners came here. ” 可知，有一天，作者正要下班，来了三个外国人，作者第一次和外国人交谈。故选C。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我开始说话，但快速地思考。A. flat水平地；B. fast快地；C.carefully仔细 地;D. carelessly粗心地。根据上文“I began to speak slowly ”和下文的but可推断，作者讲得很慢，但是 在快速地思考。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。

32、句意：同时,我给他们看了菜单。A. menu菜单；B.brochure小册子；C.leaflet传 单；D.biH账单。根据下文“we orderwith some rice”可推断，作者拿了菜单给这几个外国人看。故选 Ao【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我感到非常尴尬。A. mostly主要地；大部分；B. hardly几乎不；C. extremely 极端地；非常；D. narrowly 狭窄地。根据下文 “I could not 11the dish name to them and just showed the picture in the menu to them.可推断，作

33、者非常尴尬，因为不能给外国人翻译菜单，只能给他们看图 片。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法把菜名翻译给他们，只是把菜单中的图片展示给他们。A. translate翻 译；B. transport 运输；C. call 打电话；D. order 命令。根据下文 “just showed the picture in the menu to them”可推断，作者不能翻译菜名给这些外国人。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我埋怨为什么我不能记住一些词汇。A. debated争论；B.complained抱怨；控 诉；C. quarreled 争吵；D. worrie

34、d 使担心。根据上文 “They talked to me. I stumbled to respond to questions.”可知，这些外国人和作者交谈，作者回应得磕磕巴巴，因此推断作者埋怨自己为什么不能记住 一些单词。故选B。33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我逐渐适应了这种气氛，开始更流利地与他们交谈。Abelonged属于； B. contributed 贡献；C. used 使用；D. adapted 适应；改编。根据下文 ubegan to talk to them more fluently v 可知，作者逐渐适应了气氛，开始流利地与他们交谈。故选D。【34题详解】

35、考查动词词义辨析。句意：获得自信意味着一半的成功。A. Gaining获得；B. Increasing提高；C. Breaking 打破；D. Making使；让。根据上文it was the first time to make a dent in my heartv并结合上文作者的经历 可推断，作者认为获得自信意味着一半的成功。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信自己，不会再失去信心了。A. build建立；B. lose失去；C.have有；D. lack缺少。根据上文I believe in myself可推断，作者认为自己相信自己，不会再失去信心了。故选B。第二节(共

36、10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Garbage ClassificationWith the development of science and technology, our life is becoming much better and more convenient. However, more garbage and pollution 36 (produce) at the same time, which 37 (lay) a heavy burden on our environment. 38 is kn

37、own to all, environment plays a vital role in our daily life. In response to the severe situation, we should take effective 39 (measure) to protect the planet where we coexist (共 存). It is suggested that we should sort waste 40 (improve) the situation.Garbage classification, which is a good way to p

38、rotect our environment, cant be too emphasized. It can help separate recyclable (可回收的)waste, which can be 41 (full) used to help save the resources 42 a large extent. Not only can we make our environment clean and beautiful, but also recyclable waste can be made good use of to benefit us in return.A

39、s garbage classification is significant, we should take 43 active part in putting it into practice. Ifs a must for 44 (we) to learn to sort waste. It is the little things we do today that have a profound influence on the planet. Only if all of us make joint efforts can we make a big 45(different) an

40、d have a goodenvironment.【答案】36. are produced37. lays 38. As 39. measures40. to improve41. fully 42. to 43. an 44. us 45 difference【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们为什么要进行垃圾分类及垃圾分类的意义。【36题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：然而，同时产生了更多的垃圾和污染，这对我们的环境造成了沉重的负担。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，garbage and pollution和“produce”之间为被动 关系，故句子应用一般现

41、在时的被动语态，garbage and pollution与“are”连用，“produce”的过去分 词为 “produced” ,故空格处应填 uare produced。故填 are produced。【37题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，同时产生了更多的垃圾和污染，这对我们的环境造成了沉重的负担。分析句子可知，句子为“which”引导的非限制性定语从句，根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应 用一般现在时，“which”代指“同时产生了更多的垃圾和污染”这件事，在从句中作主语，此时谓语动 词用单数形式，“lay”的三单形式为“lays”。故填lays。【38题详解】考查定语从句

42、。句意：众所周知，环境在我们的日常生活中起着至关重要的作用。分析句子可知，句子为 非限制性定语从句，空格处单词引导从句，代指后面整个主句，即“环境在我们的日常生活中起着至关重 要的作用”这件事，在从句中作主语，从句位于主句之前，应用关系代词“as”引导从句，句首单词首字 母大写,as is known to all意为众所周知”。故填As。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：为了应对严峻的形势，我们应该采取有效的措施保护我们与之共存的星球。分析句子可 知，空格处应用名词，作“take”的宾语，“measure”意为“措施”，为可数名词，根据句意可知，采取 的措施不止一个，故应用“measure”的复

43、数形式“measures”。故填measures。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有人建议我们对垃圾进行分类以改善这种情况。分析句子可知，“that”引导的 从句中有谓语动词“should sort”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，根据句意可知，对垃圾进行分类的目的是 改善这种情况，故空格处应用不定式作目的状语，“improve”意为“改善”，动词词性，空格处应填“to improve。故填 to improve。41题详解】考查副词。句意：它可以帮助分离可回收的垃圾，这些垃圾可以被充分利用，在很大程度上有助于节约资 源。分析句子可知，空格处应用副词，修饰谓语动词“can be used”，在句

44、中作状语，“full”意为“满 的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为“fully”，意为“充分地”。故填fully。【42题详解】考查固定短语。句意：它可以帮助分离可回收的垃圾，这些垃圾可以被充分利用，在很大程度上有助于节 约资源。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语一。a large extent”，意为“在很大程度上”，故空格处应用介 词“to”。故填to。【43题详解】考查固定短语。句意：由于垃圾分类很重要，我们应该积极参与实践。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语 take an active part in.,意为“积极参加”，active”是元音音素开头，故空格处应用不定冠词 “an。故填 an。【

45、44题详解】考查代词。句意：我们必须学会分类垃圾。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定句型Ifsamustfor sb. to do sth.,意为“某人必须做某事，“for”为介词，后接人称代词宾格，“we”为人称代词主格，对应的 宾格为us,意为“我们”。故填US。45题详解】考查名词。句意：只有大家共同努力，我们才能产生很大影响，创造一个良好的环境。分析句子可知，空 格处应用名词，作“make”的宾语，different意为“不同的”，形容词词性，对应的名词为difference,意为“不同”，不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数，make a big difference意为”产生很 大影响”。故填d

46、ifference。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节英汉互译（共5小题；每小题分3,满分15分）46 .与传统购物相比，网上购物有更多的显著特点，非常适合年轻一代的口味。with traditional shopping,has more distinguishing features, which quite fits the young generations taste.【答案】.Compared ，shopping （3）. online【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语。根据句意可知，表示“与相比”可用固定短语compared with,句中 已有with,故第一空填com

47、pared；表示“网上购物”可用短语shopping online。故填Compared和 shopping online o47 .平均而言，2021年的产量减少了 20%。On, the production in 2021 has been by 20%.【答案】.average.reduced【解析】【详解】考查短语和动词语态。根据中英文句子可知，表示“平均而言”用。naverage,固定短语；表示 “减少”用reduce, the production与reduce之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，此句用现在完成时的被动语态。故填：average；reduced。48 .我发现在疲倦的时候很难集中精力工作。I findhard tomy work when Im tired.【答案】. it（D. concentrate.on【解析】【详解】考查it作形式宾语和固定短语。根据句意和句式结构可知，此处是一个it作形式宾语的结构，其 基本结构为：主语+谓语动词+it+形容词+（forsb.）+todosth.，故第一空填it；表示“集中精力”可用短语 concentrate on。故填 it 和 concentrate on。49 . It is very convenient to keep in touch with friends ove