湖南省长沙市明达中学2022-2023学年高三上学期入学考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、长沙市明达中学2022年高三上学期入学考试英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where are the speakers?A. At a swimming pool.B. In a clothing shop.C. At a school lab.2. What will Tom do next?A. Turn down the music.B. Postpone the

2、 show.C. Stop practicing.3. What is the woman busy doing?A. Working on a paper.B. Tidying up the office.C. Organizing a party.4. When will Henry start his vacation?A. This weekend.B. Next week.C. At the end of August.5. What does Donna offer to do for Bill?A. Book a flight for him.B. Drive him to th

3、e airport.C. Help him park the car.第二节（共15小题;每小题L5分，满分225分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Why does Pete call Lucy?C. To invite her to dinner.A. To say that heH be late. B. To tell her about his work.7. When

4、 is Pete going to see Lucy?A. At 6:00 pm.8. At 6:45 pm.9. At 8:00 pm.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. Why does Cathy want to quit her job?A. Shell join another firm. B. Shell run her own business. C. Shes fed up with it.C. They looked at how monkeys and apes learned.D. They mainly examined how primates used count

5、ers.14. What did Leca and his colleagues research prove?A. There is a reward system among adult monkeys.B. Young macaques are born with negotiating skillsC. Monkeys have a great ability to sense human feelings.D. Long-tailed macaques can recognize high-value objects.15. What would be the best title

6、for the text?A. Name your priceB. Threats to macaquesC. Welcome to Uluwatu TempleD. Various survival skill in nature【答案】12.D13. B 14. C 15. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了科学家对灵长类动物（如猴子）对事物价值高低的判断与评估的研 究。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第段 “The long-tailed macaques弥猴）there are well-known thieves. Since time out of mind（自古以来）the

7、y have made a living by taking away visitors, belongings and refusing to return them until some food is provided.（那里长尾物;猴是有名的小偷。因为自古以来，它们以拿走游客的物品为生，在 提供食物之前拒绝归还。）可知，游客在乌鲁瓦图寺时要小心，猴子可能会偷他们的东西。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 uThese findings, however, were based on rules made by humans but followed by lab anima

8、ls.（然而，这些发现是基于人类制定的规则，但实验室动物遵循这些规则。）可知，以前的实验与 莱卡的实验不同之处在于他们是在人工环境中进行的。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “ A close analysis showed that monkeys do, indeed, have a complicated sense of what they are doing 一 at least, adults and sub-adults do.” （一项详细的分析表明，猴子确实对自己在做什么 有着复杂的感觉一一至少成年猴子和亚成年猴子是这样。）可知，莱卡和他的同事的研究证明猴子有

9、很强 的感知人类情感的能力。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。 根据最后段“For these animal thieves, high-value items are their first choice, and they will often hold out either for more rewards, or for better ones, if they are in possession of such items. ” （对于这些动物小偷 来说，高价值的物品是它们的首选，如果它们拥有这些物品，它们通常会坚持要求获得更多的奖励，或者 获得更好的奖励。）可知，Name you

10、r price标出你的价格，符合本文主旨，最适合作文章标题。故选A 项。第二节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。How to Teach Kids About Setting Goals16 It can become an easy process for a lifetime if kids are taught goal setting at an early stage. They need to be offered a project to make them work on achiev

11、ing something personal.Set smart goals. A goal needs to be measurable, specific, realistic and timely in order to be effective. Kids prefer generalizing when it comes to goal setting. For example, one may want to be the best basketball player in the team. 17 What exactly does a goal like this mean?

12、You need to ask them to be specific. Begin with scoring two baskets in each game（or however many; just something measurable!） so that they can keep pushing the barriers to achieve greater goals.Write down goals. 18 Recent studies show that when goals are written down, the individual is likely to ach

13、ieve them.19 Kids have the habit of choosing goals that just seem impossible to achieve. You need to teach them the meaning of short and long-term goals and give your child reality checks.Set up review points. You can ask them to write their main goal on the poster and mention the steps they would t

14、ake for achieving their goal. 20 It is important to help your children have their own checkpoint systems that actually work for them.A. Learn to set a long-term goal.B. How is a goal like this measured?C. Give up goals that are not realistic.D. This tip is supported by science as well.E. Goals can n

15、ever be achieved unless they are written down.F. It is essential for everybody, especially for kids, to set goals in life.G. You can also ask them to track their progress once a week or month.【答案】16.F17. B 18. D 19. C 20. G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何帮助孩子建立目标。【16题详解】根据后句 “It can become an easy process

16、for a lifetime if kids are taught goal setting at an early stage. They need to be offered a project to make them work on achieving something personal.（如果孩子们在早期就被教导设定目 标，这可能会成为一个一辈子都很容易的过程。他们需要一个项目，让他们努力实现一些个人的东西）”可 知，上文文主要论述了设定目标在孩子人生中的重要性。故F选项“对每个人来说，尤其是对孩子来说， 设定人生目标是很重要的）”符合上下文语境。故选F。【17题详解】根据前句 “

17、For example, one may want to be the best basketball player in the team.（例如,一个人可能想成为球 队中最好的篮球运动员）”以及后文u What exactly does a goal like this mean?（这样的目标到底意味着什 么）”可知，前文举例定了一个人生目标，后文通过询问的方式，引起下文。故B选项“这样的目标是如 何衡量的？ ”符合语境，故选B。【18题详解】根据后文 “Recent studies show that when goals are written down, the individual

18、 is likely to achieve them.（最近 的研究表明，当目标被写下来时，个人就有可能实现它们）”可知，本句是在说明目标写下来这一建议有科 学依据。D选项中science对应后文studies。This tip呼应Write down goals。故D选项“这一建议也得到了 科学的支持”符合语境，故选D。【19题详解】根据后文 “ Kids have the habit of choosing goals that just seem impossible to achieve. You need to teach them the meaning of short and

19、long-term goals and give your child reality checks.（孩子们有选择那些看起来不可能实现的 目标的习惯。你需要教他们短期和长期目标的概念，并让你的孩子认清现实）”可知，本段主要介绍怎么教 孩子面对不现实的目标。故C选项“放弃不切实际的目标”为本段的标题，故选C。【20题详解】根据上文 “Set up review points. You can ask them to write their main goal on the poster and mention the steps they would take for achieving th

20、eir goal.（设置复习点。你可以让他们在海报上写下他们的主要目标，并提到 他们将采取的步骤来实现他们的目标）”以及后文“It is important to help your children have their own checkpoint systems that actually work for them.（重要的是，要帮助你的孩子拥有真正适合他们的检查点系 统）”可知，帮助孩子定期建立他们检查自己进步的检查点系统是很重要的。G选项中them对应后文 childreno故G选项“你可以要求他们每周或每月记录一次自己的进步”符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分

21、）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的AB.CD四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。For many people, being locked down during the pandemic means having more free time to get those creative juices flowing! Fanni Kovacs and Hosszu Norbert are professional 21 and entertainers. The fun-loving couple 22 going out in the world

22、to entertain others, so they decided to use their 23 to spread smiles in a new way. Since theyre such big movie fans, they figured they would recreate 24 from their favorites!“Our love for movies is what inspired this series. When we were still at university, we loved 25 whenever we had the chance.

23、26 those days, we had saved up a lot of accessories （酉己饰）and costumes. Thus, we could 27 our theatrical work when we were stuck at home,“ Fanni said.“We mainly choose topics for the 28 based on which setting we can pull off and which is relatable to the topic of lockdown in general,v Fanni added. We

24、 have been 29 something like this for quite some time, but now we finally have plenty of 30 to make it happen.”They9re also finding other great ways to give. Norbert 31 as a Red Nose Clown Doctor, which means he visits hospitals to cheer up sick kids. Now that hes unable to physically go to see them

25、, hes switched to online 32.They9re just trying to make people 33 during these hard times. They are 34! These picturesare amazing. These two really know how to use their talents to bring joy to others, something thats more35 now than ever before. Great work, you two!21.A.performersB.musiciansC.write

26、rsD.painters22.A.regretB.admitC.avoidD.miss23.A.rightsB.talentsC.fortuneD.influence24.A.scenesB.ideasC.lessonsD.battles25.A.warming upB.dressing upC.cheering upD.staying up26.A.Thanks toB.According toC.Along withD.Except for27.A.stopB.continueC.exchangeD.discuss28.A.meetingsB.articlesC.seriesD.examp

27、les29.A.thinking aboutB.learning fromC.looking intoD.relying on30.A.reasonsB.problemsC.spaceD.time31.A.startsB.servesC.leadsD.follows32.A.salesB.surveysC.visitsD.courses33.A.happyB.awareC.safeD.healthy34.A.gratefulB.respectfulC.carefulD.successful35.A.popularB.importantC.powerfulD.useful【答案】2LA22. D

28、 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31.B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了 Fanni Kovacs和Hosszu Norbert夫妇在人们因流行病被封锁在家的时 候，用自己的才能成功给人们带来快乐的故事。21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Fanni Kovacs和Hosszu Norbert是专业的演员和艺人。A. performers演员；B. musicians 音乐家；C. writers 作家；D. painters 画家。由下文 “we had saved up

29、 a lot of accessories（配饰）and costumes. Thus, we could 7 our theatrical work when we were stuck at home,” 由 “our theatricalwork”可知他们的工作是跟戏剧有关，且有很多服装和配饰，只有专业的演员才会有这么多的装备，推知 他们是专业演员。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对爱玩的夫妻怀念错过走出世界去娱乐他人的时光，所以他们决定用自己的 才能以一种新的方式传播笑容。A. regret因遗憾；B.admit承认；C.avoid避免；D. miss怀念。根据下 文

30、 “so they decided to use their 3 to spread smiles in a new way.” 可知，这对夫妻怀念过去带给人们快乐的日子，所以决定换一种方式来娱乐他人。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对爱玩的夫妻怀念错过走出世界去娱乐他人的时光，所以他们决定用自己的 才能以一种新的方式传播笑容。A. rights权利；B. talents才能；C.fortune运气；D.influence影响；由上文 uFanni Kovacs and Hosszu Norbert are professional 1 and entertainers.”

31、他们是专业的艺人；由本句 “The fun-loving couple 2 going out in the world to entertain others” 可知他们有去全世界来娱乐他人的机会，推知他们作为专业艺人，是有才能的，所以想利用才华来以新的方式传播笑容。故选B 项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为他们是这么大的电影迷，他们认为他们会重现他们最喜欢的场景！ A. scenes 场景；B. ideas 想法；C. lessons 功课；D. battles 战斗。由下文 NorbertHas a RedNose Clown Doctor, which means he v

32、isits hospitals to cheer up sick kids. Now that hes unable to physically go to see them, he switched to online 12分析可知，这些都不是真实的场景，而是表演，这也是重现了 电影上的场景；故推知本句 uthey figured they would recreate 4 from their favorites!n讲述的是他们认为他们能重现他们喜欢的电影场景。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我们还在上大学的时候，只要有机会，我们就喜欢打扮。A. warming up

33、热身；B. dressing up 打扮；C. cheering up 使振奋；D. staying up 熬夜。由下文 “ we had saved up a lotof accessories （配饰）and costumes.n可知他们省下了很多配饰和衣服，推知是因为他们上大学的时候喜欢 用这些配饰来打扮自己，所以会留下这么多的配饰和衣服。故选B项。【26题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:多亏了那些日子，我们省下了很多配饰和服装。A. Thanks t。多亏了； B. According to根据；C.Alongwith和一起；D.Except for除了。他们省下了很多配饰和服装,这

34、个给他们节省了不少开销，最重要的是他们被封锁在家里出不去，不能出去购买这些装备，所以省下来的这些装 备作用是很大的，推知空处说的是多亏了这些日子，让他们省下来这么多配饰和服装。故选A项。 【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我们被困在家里时，我们可以继续我们的戏剧工作。A. stop停止；B. continue继续；C.exchange更换；D.discuss讨论。被困在家里常理上说是不可能继续他们的戏剧工作的， 但是上文提到“we had saved up a lot of accessories （配饰）and costumes .”他们省下来很多衣服和配饰，由 Thus可知上文

35、是本句所表述事情发生的原因，即因为省下来这么多服装和道具，才使得他们被困在家里时 也能继续工作。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们一般主要根据我们可以完成的和与锁定主题相关的场景来选择该系列的 主题，Fanni补充道。A. meetings会议；B.articles文章;C. series系列；D. examples例子。他们的表 演是相互关联的成组成套的现象，即一个系列，本句讲的是为这个系列选择主题。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“我们考虑这样的事情已经有一段时间了，但现在我们终于有足够的时间 来实现它。 A. thinking about 考虑；B

36、. learning from 向学习；C. looking into 朝里面看；D. relying on 依靠。由文章第一段 “The fun-loving couple 2 going out in the world to entertain others, so theydecided to use their 3 to spread smiles in a new way.”可知他们因封锁在家而不能外出表演，所以他们决定以新的方式传播微笑，推知这个想法早就有了，至少在做决定之前就有了，所以本句“We have been 9 something like this for quite

37、 some time,” 应该是他们考虑了很久。故选 A 项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们考虑这样的事情已经有一段时间了，但现在我们终于有足够的时间来实现 它。A. reasons原因；B.problems问题；C. space空间；D. time时间。他们被封锁在家里不能外出干别的事 情，才有足够的时间来考虑这些事情，要不然是没有时间来考虑的。故选D项。31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Norbert担任一名红鼻子小丑医生，这代表他会访问医院为生病的孩子加油。A. starts 开始；B. serves 担任；C. leads 引导；D. follows 跟随。由本句 “No

38、rbert 11 as a Red NoseClown Doctor, which means he visits hospitals to cheer up sick kids. ” 可知他作为一个红鼻子小丑那是在演 戏，在戏中担任的角色；故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Norbert担任一名红鼻子小丑医生，这代表他会访问医院为生病的孩子加油。A. sales售卖；B. surveys调查；C.visits访问；D. courses追踪。他的角色是小丑医生，是为了取悦生病的孩 子们的，所以为了为生病的孩子加油，他会上门去访问医院；故选C项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句

39、意：他们只是想让人们在这艰难时刻感到快乐A.h叩py快乐的；B.aware意识到 的；C. safe安全的；D. healthy健康的。因为本文讲述的故事是发生在人们因流行病被封锁在家的这段时间 里，导致很多人不能外出，无法工作，无法享受生活，故这段时间是艰难的，更别谈快乐了，所以这对夫 妇是想让人们在这段时间里感到快乐。故选A项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们成功了！ A. grateful感谢；B. respectful恭敬的；C. careful仔细的；D. successful 成功的o 根据下文 “These pictures are amazing. These tw

40、o really know how to use their talents to bring joy to others,可知这些照片是令人惊喜的，他们夫妇真的知道如何利用他们的才能给他人带来快 乐，故推知他们的做法是成功的。故选D项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这两位真的知道如何运用自己的才能给他人带来快乐，这一点现在比以往任 何时候都更重要。A. popular受到喜爱的；B. important重要的；C.powerful有权利的；D.useful有用的。 因为这是在人们被封锁在家的特殊时期，无法外出和享受生活，所以人们大多是不快乐的，而这对夫妇在 这个特殊的时期用这种方式

41、成功给他人带来快乐，现在来说这一点很重要，是以往任何时候无法比拟的。 故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Scientists from NASA have announced the breathtaking news that 36 is water on the moon. Theysaid the moon may hold water in 37(many) places than they previously thought, and they confirmedthe presence of

42、water molecules (分子)on the side of the moon we can see. Ice was thought 38(exist)on the dark side of the moon,39 is permanently blocked form sunlight. However, NASA said it found water on the sunlit parts of the lunar surface. The space agency said it identified a third of liter of water in one area

43、.Thanks 40 the discovery, more space exploration could 41(encourage). It couldaccelerate the building of permanent bases on the moon as it opens up the possibility of 42 (provide) a sustainable source of drinking water. This could be turned into rocket fuel one day. A NASA spokesperson explained the

44、 43(important) of the discovery. He said water is 44(extreme) critical fordeep space exploration. Any time the astronauts dont need to pack water fbr their trip, they have an opportunity to take other 45 (use) items that could be used to carry out bigger scientific experiments.【答案】36. there37. more

45、38. to exist39. which 40. to41. be encouraged42. providing43. importance44. extremely45. useful【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是美国国家航空航天局的科学家宣布了一个惊人的消息，月球上 有水。【36题详解】考查固定句型。句意：美国国家航空航天局的科学家宣布了一个惊人的消息，月球上有水。there be是固 定句型，表示“有”，故填there。【37题详解】考查比较级。句意：他们说，月球上存在水的地方可能比他们之前认为的更多，他们证实了在我们可以看 到的月球侧面存在水分子。由than可知，空

46、格处用比较级more,故填more。38题详解】考查不定式。句意：月球的暗面被认为存在冰，因为它永远不受阳光的照射。sb. be thought to do是固定短 语，意为“人们认为某人做某事”，因此空格处是不定式t。exist,故填toexist。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：月球的暗面被认为存在冰，因为它永远不受阳光的照射。空格处引导的是非限制性 定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词the dark side of the moon”是物，因此空格处用关系代词which,故 填 which o【40题详解】考查固定短语。句意：由于这一发现，更多的太空探索将受到鼓励。thanks to是固

47、定短语，意为“多亏， 由于，故填to。【41题详解】考查被动语态。句意：由于这一发现，更多的太空探索将受到鼓励。太空探索是被鼓励，句子用被动语态，空前是情态动词could,因此空格处是be encouraged,故填be encouragedo【42题详解】考查动名词。句意：它可能会加速在月球上建立永久基地，因为它打开了提供可持续饮用水来源的可能 性。of是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，故填providing。43题详解】考查名词。句意：美国宇航局发言人解释了这一发现的重要性。空格处在定冠词the后用名词作宾语， important的名词是importance,是不可数名词，意为重要性，故填importance。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：他说，水对深空探索至关重要。空格处用副词extremely修饰形容词critical, extremely 意为“非常”，故填extremely。45题详解】考查形容词。句意：任何时候，宇航员不需要为他们的旅行打包水，他们就有机会携带其他有用的物品， 可以用来进行更大的科学实验。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词items,句子