河南省豫南名校2021-2022学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、高二期末英语试题考生注意：1 .本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题15分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15.B,9. 18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1 .【此处可播放

2、相关音频，请去附件杳看】Where docs the conversation probably take place?A. On a ship.B. On a plane.C. On a bus.【答案】B【解析】原文】 W: Good morning. I am Amanda. I will provide the service fbr you. Welcome aboard!M: Ive got seat A6, but I dont want to sit over the wing because I cannot see the view outside.2 .口口匚口口口口口口

3、Which place does the woman want to go to?A. A bank.B. A park.C. A hotel.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Can I get to the Sheraton Hotel from here on foot?M: Sure. Its not far. Just go to fourth Avenue. Turn right at the bank on Main Street. It is on your right, near the park.3 . become more environmentally responsi

4、ble. He says that food waste contributes to releasing the greenhouse gas, so there is strong motivation to reduce waste and help the environment.In the USA, food waste and packing account fbr nearly half of the material sent to landfills. Restaurants from McDonalds to Starbucks are addressing this i

5、ssue with “no straw Mondays and limits on single-sen ing plastic, but a handful of restaurateurs arc trying to get rid of rubbish entirely. Theres also economic case to be made fbr waste reduction. One study shows that restaurants save seven dollars fbr every dollar invested in anti- waste methods.A

6、voiding food waste is the first and perhaps most obvious challenge ibr sustainable restaurants. Doug McMaster, chef at Silo in London, only serves a set menu. This removes the worry that one particular item wont sell well, and will spoil in the refrigerator. Composl (堆月日)is a necessity as well. NoIl

7、a (meaning zero in Finnish) in Helsinki, Finland is giving compost to its suppliers as well as its diners. Nolla also has food- tracking software more commonly used among corporate food service companies to keep track of what sells and what rots.Sometimes restaurants call themselves environmentally

8、friendly, but they might just be using the label. Calvin offers some pointers on what to look fbr to make sure a restaurant is truly committed to sustainability.28. What docs Margot feature?A. Its large size.B. Its opening hours.C. Its zero-waste goal.D. Its plastic garbage cans.29. What is paragrap

9、h 3 mainly about?A. Ways of packaging food.B. The issue of investing in sen ices.C. The importance of environmental protection.D. Efforts of some restaurants to reduce rubbish,30. Which of the following docs Nolla try to do?A. Only serve a set menu.B. Hardly use refrigerators.C. Supply compost to it

10、s customers.D. Keep track of diners preferences.31. What docs Calvin think restaurants should do?A. Expand food business.B. Use cco-fricndly labels.C. Save money on dealing with kitchen garbage.1) . Contribute to sustainable development of the food industry.【答案】28. C 29. D 30. C 31. D【解析】【导语】这是篇说明文。

11、文章主要介绍了世界各地的餐饮业在减少食物垃圾方面为食品业的可持续发展 所做出的努力。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段It doesnt need one because Margot simply doesnt cause anything to get thrown away. The restaurant doesnt allow any type of single use plastic. Margot, which opened last year, is one of the small but growing restaurants around the world ai

12、ming to avoid not only food leftovers, but also any garbage.（它不需要垃圾桶，因为Margot根本不会导致任何东西被扔掉。这家餐厅不允许使用任何类型的一 次性塑料。去年开业的Margot是世界上小型但不断增长的餐厅之一，不仅旨在避免剩菜，也旨在避免任何 垃圾。）可知Margot的特点是它的零浪费的目标。故选C项。【29题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Restaurants from McDonalds to Starbucks are addressing this issue with no straw Mondays and

13、limits on single-serving plastic, but a handful of restaurateurs are trying to get rid of rubbish entirely. Theres also economic case to be made for waste reduction. One study shows that restaurants save seven dollars fbr every dollar invesled in anti-wasle methods.（从麦当劳至ij星巴克，许多餐馆都在用“星期没有吸 管”和对一次性塑

14、料的限制来解决这个问题，而一些餐馆老板正试图完全清除垃坡。减少浪费也有经济理 由“ 一项研究表明，餐馆在反浪费方法上每投资1美元，就能节省7美元。）”可知文章第三段主要讲的是 一些餐馆在减少垃圾方面所做出的努力。故选D项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Compost （堆肥）is a necessity as well. Nolla （meaning “zero” in Finnish） in Helsinki, Finland is giving compost to its suppliers as well as its diners. Nolla also has food

15、- tracking software more commonly used among corporate food service companies to keep track of what sells and what rots.（堆月匕也是 一种必需。芬兰赫尔辛基的Nolla（芬兰的意思是“零”）正在为其供应商和食客提供堆肥。）”可知Nolla努 力提供堆肥给它的顾客。故选C项。31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段He says that food waste contributes to releasing the greenhouse gas, so there is str

16、ong motivation to reduce waste and help the environment他说，食物浪费导致释放温室气体，所以我们有 强烈的动力来减少浪费和帮助环境。）”以及最后一段“Calvin offers some pointers on what to look for to make sure a restaurant is truly committed to sustainability.（Calvin 就如何确保一家餐厅真正致力于可持续发展 提供了一些建议。)可知Calvin认为餐厅应该对食品工业的可持续发展作出贡献。故选D项。DThe Science an

17、d Technology Facilities Council (STFC) and University of Central Lanca-shire (UCLan) share findings of a project to improve student engagement with science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM).Its long been acknowledged that students from disadvantaged backgrounds are under-represented in

18、 science, technology, engineering and mathematics careers. Now, research conducted by UCLan and fimded by STFC shows the causes of this problem and points to innovative solutions. The Blackpool Physics; Inspire, Engage, Research (PIER) project found that primary school children from low socio-econom

19、ic areas are just as interested in science but lack knowledge about possible science careers.The PIER project is following a group of pupils as they progress from Grade 6 to Grade 9, using sun eys, inten iews and other assessments to measure interest in science. These initial findings suggest that a

20、ttempts to increase science participation among young people should not simply promote the subject as or “interesting”. Instead, greater impact could be achieved by demonstrating clearly how science can open possible fiiturc career opportunities.Many of the pupils taking part in the study understood

21、 that studying science could be useful but few could explain why, suggesting a need for greater education about STEM careers. As well as broadening our understanding of the issue, the PIER project is solving the problem head on. The team has can ied out a variety of activities each year for the part

22、icipants, including “meet the scicntists, events, trips to UCLans Alston Observatory as well as family science events at school.Lead Researcher and STFC Fellow in Public Engagement, Professor Robert Walsh, said, “Much government policy towards boosting science in higher education focuses on an assum

23、ed lack of interest and desire in low- socioeconomic groups. However, the enthusiasm is already there and this “hidden science identity needs to be revealed and translated into real-life prospects for these young people. Were recommending that programs instead allow young people to explore their sci

24、ence identity more fiilly and provide innovative ways to discover the jobs that studying science may lead to.32. What do people generally believe about poor students?A. They have no interest in STEM careers.B. They arc not engaged enough in science.C. They are more representative of science.D. They

25、have many character disadvantages.33. What does the PIER project pay more attention to?A. Assessing pupils performance.B. Increasing the surveys of pupils.C. Demonstrating the potential value of science.D. Promoting the subject as 4tfunM or “inleresling”.34. Why does the team conduct various activit

26、ies?A. To boost science development.B. To meet the pupils needs fbr school events.C. To promote teaching related careers development.D. To improve students, understanding of STEM careers. 35. What is the best title fbr the text?A. What Is the Definition of PIER?B. Increase Pupils Learning AwarenessC

27、. I low Does the PIER Project Come into Being?I）. The PIER Project Helps Poor Pupils Engage in Science 【答案】32. B 33. C 34. D 35. D 【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了帮助来自贫穷地区学生更多参与对科学、技术、工程和数 学的参与度而展开的The PIER项目。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段Its long been acknowledged that students from disadvantaged backgrounds are un

28、dcr-rcprcscntcd in science, technology, engineering and mathematics careers.（长期以来，人们一直认为，来自 弱势背景的学生在科学、技术、工程和数学领域的代表性不足。）”可知人们通常认为一些弱势背景的学生 对科学的参与度不够。故选B项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“These initial findings suggest that attempts to increase science participation among young people should not simply promote

29、the subject as “fbn or interesting. Instead, greater impact could be achieved by demonstrating clearly how science can open possible fiiture career opportunities.（这些初步发现表 明，增加年轻人 科学参与的尝试不应该简单地将这一主题推广为“令人愉快的”或“有趣的”。相反， 通过清楚地展示科学如何打开未来可能的职业机会，可以获得更大的影响。）可知P【ER项目将注意力更多 地放在去展示科学的潜在价值上。故选C项。【34题详解】推理判断题。

30、根据文章第四段“Many of the pupils taking part in the study understood that studying science could be useful but few could explain why, suggesting a need fbr greater education about STEM careers. As well as broadening our understanding of the issue, the PIER project is solving the problem head on. The team

31、has carried out a variety of activities each year fbr the participants, including “meet the scientists events, trips to UCLans Alston Observatory as well as family science events at school.(许多参与这项研究的学生理解学习科学可能很有 用，但很少有人能解释为什么，这表明需要对. STEM职业进行更多的教育。除了扩大我们对这个问题的理 解外，PIER项目也在正面解决这个问题。该团队每年为参与者开展各种活动，包括

32、“与科学家见面”活 动、前往乌克兰的奥尔斯顿天文台以及在学校举办的家庭科学活动。)”可知这支团队举办各种活动的目的 是为了提高学生对STEM职业的理解。故选D项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第段The Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) and University of Central Lanca-shirc (UCLan) share findings of a project to improve student engagement with science, technology, engineering and m

33、athematics (STEM).(科学和技术设施委员会和中央兰卡郡大学分享了一个项目的发现，以 提高学生对科学、技术、工程和数学(stem)的参与度。)”以及最后一段“Much government policy towards boosting science in higher education focuses on an assumed lack of interest and desire in low-socioeconomic groups. However, the enthusiasm is already there and this hidden science id

34、entity” needs to be revealed and translated into real-life prospects fbr these young people. Were recommending that programs instead allow young people to explore their science identity more fully and provide innovative ways to discover the jobs that studying science may lead to.( “政府促进高等教育科学的政策都集中在

35、低社会经济群体兴趣和欲望的缺乏上。”然 而，这种热情已经存在，这种“隐藏的科学身份”需要被揭示出来，并转化为这些年轻人的现实生活前 景。我们建议这个项目让年轻人更充分地探索他们的科学身份，并提供创新的方式来发现研究科学可能带 来的工作。)”以及其他三段的主要内容可知文章主要是在围绕着PIER项目如何帮助贫穷的学生更多地从 事科学活动展开的。D项“PIER项目帮助贫困学生从事科学研究”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D 项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Have you ever gone to a mu

36、seum or a show and been completely blown away by a piece? If you havent, go out and get cultured. Tm a student at the College ofVisual and Performing Arts where we create all kinds of art every day. 36 But I dont think those people truly know the difficulties and struggles in the process of making a

37、rt.First of all, we need to be inspired. You may think thats easy. In fact, anything can serve as a concept of a work of art. 37 Sometimes wc will need people, volunteers, bodies to do so and finding willing people to work is hard. Other times we have a clear idea of what we want but we dont know ho

38、w to make other people ftilly understand what were trying to get at.38 We need a space to be able to be creative and that can be tricky to acquire. Sometimes we need art supplies or certain equipment and costumes and that can cost money. Even if we do acquire what we need, visions change and mistake

39、s happen so we might not end up using the resources.The process can take weeks, months, and even years to be fully realized. Once completed, we need to share it and find an audience and provide an environment to display our work. 39 What if nobody likes what we created? What if our vision isnt what

40、we thought though completed?Creating art is an art in itself. It is really not as easy as many people think. （0 Its how we express ourselves and how wc communicate with the rest of the world.A. Outsiders think our jobs easy.B. Wc should be quiet and creative.C. Wc might choose other fields as well.D

41、. Resources are also a huge factor in making art.E. The hard part comes when we put our ideas into reality.F. And the negative thoughts love to overpower our minds.G. It takes time, patience and space when things dont go as expected.【答案】36. A 37. E 38. D 39. F 40. G【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章开篇提出很多人认为艺术创作的工作

42、很简单，但作者认为这些外行人士不 懂艺术创作的艰难之处，并从艺术创作的灵感、资源、时间等方面论述艺术创作工作的不易，最后总结出 艺术创作本身就是一件艺术，需要耐心、时间、空间。【36题详解】上文Tm a student at the College of Visual and Performing Arts where we create all kinds of art every day.（我是 一名视觉与表演艺术学院的学生，每天都在创作各种各样的艺术作品）”，下文“But I donthink those people truly know the difficulties and st

43、ruggles in the process of making art.（但是我认为那此人并不是真正 了 解 艺术创作过程中的艰辛。）”，说明中间设空处需要填一个意思与其相反相对的表达。A项“Outsiders think our jobs easy.（外人认为我们的工作很容易。）”恰好与之对应，下文的those people指代A项中的Outsiders,下文的difficult也与A项中的easy对应。故选A项。【37题详解】I：文“First of all, we need to be inspired. You may think thats easy. In fact, anyth

44、ing can serve as a concept of a workofart.（首先，我们需要灵感。你可能认为这很容易。事实上，任何东西都可以作为艺术作品的概 念。）”提到了艺术创作需要灵感，而任何东西都可以作为艺术作品的概念，这是容易的部分。而卜文u Sometimes we will need people, volunteers, bodies to do so and finding willing people to work is hard.（有时我 们需要人、志愿者、人模来做这些，而找到愿意做这些工作的人很难。）”提到很难找到愿意做这些工作的 人,属于艺术创作工作中难的部分

45、。因此中间需要有过度，E项“The hard part comes when we put our ideas into reality.（我们要把想法变为实际时，困难就来了。）”恰好能把上下文衔接起来。故选E项。【38题详解】本题设空处位于段首，根据卜文“We need a space to be able to be creative and that can be tricky to acquire. Sometimes we need art supplies or certain equipment and costumes and that can cost money. Even

46、 if we do acquire what we need, visions change and mistakes happen so we might not end up using the resources.（我们需要一个能 够发挥创造力的空间，而这很难获得。有时我们需要一些艺术用品或某些设备和服装，这需要花钱。即使 我们获得了我们需要的东西，我们的想法会发生变化，错误也会随之出现，所以我们可能最终不会使用这 此资源。）”可知，整段内容都在讲艺术创作需要川到的资源，故段首句需要含括整段内容。结合选项可 知，D项“Resources are also a huge factor in

47、 making art.（资源也是艺术创作的一个重要因素。）” -方面能概 括整段内容，另一方面also与第二段的first of all对应。故选D项。【39题详解】上文“The process can take weeks, months, and even years to be fully realized. Once completed, we need to share it and find an audience and provide an environment to display our work.（这个过程可能需要几周、几个月、甚至 几年的时间才能完全实现。一旦完成，

48、我们需要分享它，找个观众，并提供一个环境来展示我们的作 品。）”提到了作品完成后会做的事情；下文What if nobody likes what we created? What if our vision isnt what we thought though completed?（如果没有人喜欢我们创造的东西怎么办？如果我们的想法并不如我们所 想的那样完成了呢？）”是对完成作品后可能出现问题的假设，且都是一些消极的想法，F项“Andlhe negative thoughts love to overpower our minds.（我们的大脑里总是充斥着各种消极的想法。）”恰好与下文的 消极设问对应。故选F项。【40题详解】上文Creating art is an art in itself. It is really not as easy as many people think.（艺术创作本身就是一种艺术。 这真的不像许多人想的那么容易。）”总结性地提到了艺术创作并不是那么容易的；下文“Mshowwe express ourselves and how we communicate with the rest of the world.（它是我们表达自我的方式，也是我们与 世界交流的方式