第05练介词-2022年八年级英语（牛津上海版）（解析版）.docx

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1、第05练介词积累运用（一）介词的定义及用法1 .介词是一种虚词，不能独立使用。2 .介词之后一般有名词、动名词或代词（宾格）或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成 介词短语。有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词。3 .介词后面的宾语如果是从句来充当，就是宾语从句。（-）介词的分类表示时间的介词表示地点的介词表示方位的介词表示方式、手段的介词其他介词（三）介词的详细讲解 表时间的介词：1 .at通常用于：确切的时间:at 7:30, at a quarter past six用餐时间：at lunch time表示在一段节日期间：at Christmas固定词组搭酉己：at da

2、wn, at night, at midnight, at noon, at that time, at the moment2 . on通常用于：确定某天的某段时间：on the evening of May 3rd星期：on Friday确切日期：on June 1st二、阅读单选Choose the best answer （根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）：In the past twenty years, riding bicycles has become more and more popular among people of all ages. Bicycles have l

3、ong played an important part in the lives of American young people. But today an even greater number of adults pedal along roadsides and bicycle paths. These new riders are often trying to become fit or lose weight. They have found that bicycling is a pleasant way to stay healthy.This is certainly g

4、ood for health. But it has also brought some problems. With all these added people on the road, bicycle safety has become a matter of real importance.Bicycle safety is mostly a matter of common sense. People should ride only on bicycle paths where they will not be badly hurt. There are also a number

5、 of rules that riders should follow, especially when riding on streets or highways. Bicyclists should never ride against the traffic, nor should they carry other people on their bicycles. They are also supposed to ride in single line on busy streets and to walk bicycles across the busy intersections

6、（交叉路 口）. By following these rules, bicycle riders will not only stay healthy but also be safe.In one recent year, the National Safety Council reported that 34 thousand bicycle riders were hurt in highway accidents. In that same year, another six hundred riders were killed. Since the introduction of

7、crash helmets（头盔）in 1980, the number of injuries（伤者）and deaths from bicycling accidents had gone down. Today, more and more riders realize the dangers of bicycling. They are wearing helmets and paying closer attention to cycling rules.21. In America,played an important in the lives of young people i

8、n the past twenty years.A. staying healthy B. riding bicycles C. losing weight D. being pleasure22. The underlined word pedal in the first paragraph means “A. walkB.runC. rushD. cycle23. Nowadays many young adults ride bicycles because they have found it.A. a good way to be fit and funB. helpful to

9、be good-lookingC. interesting and excitingD. possible to make friends24. With added people riding on the road,has become the most important matter.A ,the number of bicyclesB.a good road and highwayC.bicycle safetyD.a traffic rule25. Bicyclist should not when riding on the streets.A.ride on single li

10、neB.carry people on their bicyclesC.ride only on bicycle pathsD.walk bicycles26. The write*s main purpose in this passage is to.A. explain the job of the National Safety Day B. advise people of all ages to ride bicyclesC. encourage companies to produce more better bicycles D. make people more concer

11、ned with bicycle safety 【答案】21. B22. D23. A24. C25. B26. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自行车的安全问题，即骑自行车时应该遵守的交通规则等，随着道路 上因骑自行车流行而骑车的人的增加，自行车的安全问题变得非常重要。细节理解题。根据Bicycles have long played an important part in the lives of American young people.”可知,自 行车在美国年轻人的生活中扮演了重要的角色。故选B。词句猜测题。根据后文“bicycle paths”可推测和“peda

12、l along roadsides ”意思相近，故pedal意思和cycle意思 相近，故选D。细节理解题。根据“These new riders are often trying to become fit or lose weight.”可知，很多年轻人把骑自行车 当作保持健康和乐趣的一种方式。故选A。细节理解题。根据With all these added people on the road, bicycle safety has become a matter of realimportance.”可知，随着骑自行车人的增多，自行车安全问题成为重要的问题。故选C。25.细节理解题。

13、根据“Bicyclists should never ride against the traffic, nor should they carry other people on their bicycles.”可知，骑自行车的人不应该载其他的人。故选B。26.主旨大意题。 根据最后段“In one recent year, the National Safety Council reported.They are wearing helmets and paying closer attention to cycling rules.”可知，作者借助报告说明了近些年自行车安全问题频发，并说

14、明 如今越来越多的人意识到骑自行车的危险，他们戴着头盔并重视行车规则。因此，作者想让人们更加重视 自行车安全问题。故选D。节日当天：on Childrens Day, on New Years Day文学类的天气描述：on a dark evening, on a snowy day3. in通常用于：一天中的某段时间：in the morning/afternoon / evening大概的月份、年份：in June, in 2004季节：in spring, in the cold winter世纪：in the 20th century, in the late 18th century

15、特定的年龄段，in his thirties （在他30多岁时）【友情提示】“in十一段时间”用于将来时。e.g. He will come back in an hour.他一1、时后会回来。“after+一段时间”用于过去时4 .在以 next, last, this 引起的时间状语及 tomorrow, tonight, yesterday, the day after tomorrow,.ago 等时间状语前 一般不加介词。5 .for 和 since用于现在完成时，用how long来提问:for+时间段since + 时间段 + agosince +时间点since + 一般过去时

16、句子6 .其他常见的时间介词after 在以后 after 3 days through 贯穿（期间）through the year from从.（时）起before在以前3 days beforepast过了.（时）20 past 8（8 点 20 分）to到（下一时刻）20 to 8（7 点 40）by到为止,till直到时,until直到时,ever since从那时起至今表地点的介词over （正上方）、above （上方的一片）、on （接触的平面）under （正下方）、below （下方的一片）at 4-小地方（场所如学校、医院、剧场等）in十大地方（州、区域、国家、城镇、）o

17、n +门牌，某层楼across在对面（go across从平面穿过/ go through从立体的）among在中间（三者以上之间）between在之间（两者之间，两两相互之间）、in front of 在.前（外部）in the front of 在.前（内部）close to靠近，表方位的介词across 横越，against对抗,along 沿着.，around 绕着,at朝着，behind向后面,between.and.到,by路过/通过，down向.下，for向,from从/离,in 进入，into 进入,inside至k.里面，near接近,off脱离/除.，on在上,out of

18、向夕卜, outside向.外,over跨过，past经过/超过，through穿过，to向/朝，towards朝着.， on to至U上面，onto至lj.上面，away from 远离.表方式、手段的介词as作为/当作by用/由/乘坐/被in用（语言），like与一样，on骑（车）/徒（步），通过（收音机/电视机）, through 通过.，with用（材料/工具）、用（手/脚/耳/眼）;without没有一、单项选择1. a cold night, Simon decided to go out to work to support his family.A. OnB. InC. AtD

19、. By【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：在一个寒冷的夜晚，西蒙决定出去工作来养家。考查介词辨析。On用于表示确定的时间，具体某天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上或一般节日等；In用 于表示世纪、年、月、季节，在上午、下午、晚上、白天等；At表示在具体的时间点，常用于表示钟点、 夜里、中午、拂晓等的词组中；By不迟于、在时候。空后的“a cold night”是具体的时间，因此用介词 on。故选A。2. 32 years old, Professor Wang had written 8 novels, 5 of which are best-sellers.A. AtB. ForC. Since

20、D. By【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：王教授在32岁之前，就已经写了 8本小说，其中的5本成为畅销书。考查介词辨析。at在，表点刻的时间；for+时间段，表某一动作或事件的持续；since自从，指从过去某时 到现在，所以用作现在完成时句子的时间状语；by到为止，在之前。可用作过去完成时句子的时 间状语。“Professor Wang had written 8 novels, 5 of which are best-sellers.”可知，是发生在过去的过去，故选 D。3. Sunday night, the closing ceremony of the 2022 Beijing Win

21、ter Olympic Games was held at the National Stadium.A. AtB. OnC. InD. To【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：周日晚上，2022年北京冬奥会闭幕式在国家体育场举行。考查时间介词。At后接具体时刻等；On后接具体某一天或具体某一天的上下午、晚上等；In后接年、月等;To朝，向。根据“Sunday night”可知，此处指具体一天的晚上，用介词On。故选B。4. He madeof himself in front of his friends April Fools Day.A. fool, onB. a fool, onC. a

22、fool, inD. fools, in【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：愚人节那天，他在朋友面前出丑。考查动词短语和介词。make a fool of是固定短语，意为“愚弄on用于具体某一天前；in泛指在上午、 下午、晚上。“April FooFs Day”是具体的一天,应用on。故选B。5. The 24th Beijing Winter Olympics will begin 4th February, 2022.A. onB. inC. atD. of【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：第24届北京冬奥会将于2022年2月4日开幕。考查介词辨析。on用于具体的一天；in用于年、月、季节等；a

23、t在时；of的。根据“4th February, 2022,5可知，是具体的一天，故选A。6. 一How do you learn English so well?-watching English film.A. InB. OnC. ByD. At【答案】c【解析】【详解】句意: 你怎么把英语学得这么好？通过看英文电影。考查介词辨析。in在里；on在上；by通过;at在。根据“How do you”可知，用how提问，用by 回答，表示“通过”，故选C。7. You can always see volunteers working in the community, even cold w

24、inter mornings.A. atB. toC. inD. on【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：你总能看到志愿者在社区里工作，即使是在寒冷的冬天早晨。考查介词辨析。at后加具体的时刻；to至lj； in后加某年某月某季节；on后加具体到某一天或具体某一天的 早晨、下午和晚上。根据“ evencold winter mornings.”可知，此处是指具体的寒冷的冬天早晨，用on。故选Do8. She is a beautiful girl long hair.A. inB. ofC. atD. with【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：她是一个留着长发的漂亮女孩。考查介词辨析。in穿着；of

25、属于的；at在；with有。根据“long hair”可知此处指有一头长发,用介词with表示伴随。故选D。9. The story of Robinson Crusoe is about a man living a desert island.A. inB. onC. atD. for【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：鲁滨逊漂流记是关于一个生活在荒岛上的人的故事。考查介词辨析。in在里面；on在上面；at在；for为了。根据“a man livinga desert island”可知是生活在荒岛上，用on。故选B。10. More and more young people go skat

26、ing with their family winter.A. atB. inC. onD. to【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：越来越多的年轻人在冬天和家人一起去滑冰。考查介词辨析。at用在时间点前；in用在早中晚/季节/月份/年份等前；on用在星期或具体的时间前；to至IJ。 winter是季节，用时间介词in,故选B。11. Shirleys family are going to watch the 2022 World Cup November.A. atB. inC. onD. of【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：雪莉一家将在11月观看2022年世界杯。考查介词辨析。at+时间点；

27、in+月份；。叶具体某一天；of.的。横线后的“November （十一月）”是月份, 所以此空应填介词in。故选B。12. A sandstorm swept across Beijing the morning of March 15, turning the sky yellow.A. inB. onC. atD. for【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：3月15日上午，一场沙尘暴席卷北京，天空变成黄色。考查介词辨析。in后接年、月、季节、泛指的上下午或晚上等；on后接具体的日期、具体某一天的上下午 或晚上等；at后接具体钟表时刻；for接时间段；根据“the morning of Mar

28、ch 15”表具体某一天的上午；故选 Bo13. There is something wrong my eyes. I cant see the words clearly.A. toB. aboutC. withD. of【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我眼睛有点问题，我看不清那些单词。考查介词辨析。to不定式符号；about关于；with和；of的。根据句式there is something wrong with sth可知 介词用with,故选Co14. The first group of astronauts arrived at the International Space

29、Station November 2nd, 2000.A. inB. atC. onD. from【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：第一批宇航员于2000年11月2日抵达国际空间站。考查介词辨析。in+年、月份；at+时间点；on+具体某一天；from来自。因为此句的时间状语“November 2nd, 2000”为具体的某一天，所以此空应用介词。n。故选C。15. . The movie of Cinderella, a famous tale, will be released February 5th, 2021.A. onB. atC. inD. by【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：电影

30、灰姑娘是一个著名的故事，将于2021年2月5日上映。考查介词。on后跟具体日子；at后跟点时间；in后跟年、月、每天早晨、中午和晚上；by通过。根据February 5th, 2021 .可知是具体日子。故选A。16. a spring morning, a bird flew into our classroom and we were very excited to see it.A. InB. OnC. AtD. For【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：在一个春天的早晨，一只鸟飞进了我们的教室，我们看到它非常兴奋。考查介词。In用于指早午晚、年、月、季节、一段时间后；On用于指具体某一天，

31、如星期几，节日以及具 体某一天的早中晚；At用于指某一特定的时,刻；For用于指时间的长度。空格后a spring morning指的是具 体的某一天，故应用介词。n,故选B。17. Perhaps no more cormorant fishermen will be left in the world 50 years.A. sinceB. inC. duringD. for【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：50年以后，或许世界上将不再有鸠鹦渔民了。考查介词辨析。since自从，后跟表示过去的时间点，常用于现在完成时；in+一段时间，表示“在多长时间 以后1 常用于一般将来时；during+

32、一段时间，表示“在期间。for+一段时间，表示“多长时间”，通常 用于现在完成时。根据句中“will”，可知本句时态为一般将来时，所以用“in 50 years”，表示“50年以后”，故 选B。18. The police suspect that the two cases may be linked each other.A. forB. withC. onD. from【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：警方怀疑这两起案件可能相互关联。考查介词的用法。for,对，为了； w油和在一起，具有；on在上；from从，从起；固定短语be linked with意为“与有关”。故选B。19 . So

33、ccer star Diego Armando Maradona （马拉多纳）passed away November 25th, 2020.A. inB. onC. atD. from【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：足球明星迭戈阿曼多马拉多纳于2020年11月25日去世。考查介词。in用于年/月/季节/泛指的上/下午/晚上前；on用于具体的某一天前；at用于具体的钟点前；from 从；根据空格后的时间“November 25th, 2020”可知,此处是具体的某一天，故用介词on,故选B。20. People always send greeting to each other through Wechat New Years Day.A. inB. onC. atD. of【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：人们总是在新年这天通过微信互相问候。考查介词辨析。in表示一段时间，用于年、月、世纪、四季或泛指一天的上午、下午、晚上等前；on用于 具体某一天或某一天的早、中、晚前，星期或节日前；at用于具体的时间点或黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜前; of的。根据New Year* Day可知此处表示在新年这天，故用介词on,故选B。