第13练非谓语动词-2022年八年级英语（牛津上海版）（解析版）.docx

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1、第13练非谓语动词*(2高频考点：1 .动词不定式作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语的用法。2 .动名词的用法。3 .现在分词和过去分词的用法。 动词不定式：知识点1:常用动词不定式作宾语的情况英语中常用动词不定式作宾语的一般有以下几种情况：(1)在动词want, hope, would like, decide, wish, like等后常跟动词不定式作宾语。How I wish to see my old friends again!我是多么想再见到我的老朋友啊！I really like to watch football matches.我非常喜欢看足球赛！在find/feel

2、+it+形容词+to do sth句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式。I find it necessary to look into the world,我发现放眼世界很有必要。(3)有些动词，如 te ask, advise, show, teach, forget, remember, see, wonder, find out, decide, discuss等，后面常用带连接词的动词不定式作宾语。I dont know what to do.我不知道怎么办。Lets discuss where to go行rst.咱们讨论一下先去哪里知识点2：动词不定式作宾语补足语时to

3、何时该省略某些动词后面要求跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，这种情况主要有以下三类：(1)感官动词 see, hear, watch, look at, listen to, feel, notice 等，(2)使役动词 make, let, have 等；(3)固定搭配及句型中接不带 to 的不定式做宾补.why not (do sth.), had better (do sth.), would rather (do sth),20. Because George, Lucas and Diana held him up.21. he found his real friends who

4、 were true to him【解析】【导语】本文讲的是一个叫马里奥的男孩认为自己有许多朋友，在爷爷的帮助下他找到了自己真正的朋友，方法是 依靠那张看不见的椅子。根据Whoever he met, he would like to show ofFhow popular he was at school.”可知马里奥见谁都炫耀自己多 受欢迎，由此可知他因有很多朋友而自豪，作肯定回答。故填Yes.根据爷爷的话“Mario, I know that you don戈 have as many friends as you think. Many of them are not true to

5、you. 可知爷爷认为马里奥的许多朋友对他并不是忠诚的。故填Many of them were not true to him.不艮据However, he didnt know the way to test whether his schoolmates were real friends or not, so he asked his grandpa.”可知马里奥请爷爷告诉他如何测试他的同学是否是真正的朋友。故填the way to test whether his schoolmates were real friends or noto根据The next day, Mario to

6、ok the strange invisible chair to school.”可知马里奥第二天带着奇怪的隐形椅子去 学校了。故填 The strange invisible chair.根据Looking around, Mario saw George, Lucas and Diana holding him up, so he wouldnt fall.”可矢口最终马里奥 得以坐在魔法椅子上是因为乔治、卢卡斯和戴安娜扶着他。故填Because George, Lucas and Diana held him up. 21.根据Looking around, Mario saw Geo

7、rge, Lucas and Diana holding him up, so he wouldnt fall. But some schoolmates whom he had regarded as friends had done nothing but made fun of him.”可知通过爷爷的方法矢口道 了谁是对他忠诚的真正的朋友，他也因此感激爷爷。故填he found his real friends who were true to him。WillAVould you please( do sth.).知识点3：不定式作定语的要求不定式作定语一般要后置，不定式与其所修饰的

8、词之问有两种关系。一是不定式与其修饰的同有逻辑上的 动宾关系，若动词为不及物动词，其后面的介词不可以省略。二是被修饰词与不定式之间是主谓关系，被修 饰词是不定式的逻辑主语知识点：4:不定式作状语的重点结构动词不定式在句中作状语，多表示目的，原因和结果等。常用的重点结构如下：(1) too+ adj./adv. +to do结构表示“太而不能“，常和sothat.”及“not.enough.to do sth”互换。The girl is too young to go to school=The girl is so young that she cant go to school.=The

9、girl is not old enough to go to school.这女孩太小，不能上学。in order to do sth/so as to do sth短语常用作状语，表示“为了。in order to achieve my dream, I must study hard 为实现梦想，我必须努力学习。(3) so+ adj ./adv. +to如此以至于)结构。You are so kind to tell me the truth 你直好，告诉了 我真话。知识点 5:It is/ was+ 形容词 + for/of sb. to do 句型在此句型中，of或for引导不定式

10、的逻辑主语sb其中，forsb句型常用表示客观情况的形容词：easy, difficult, hard等，这时形容词描述不定式的特征和性质；of sb句型常用表示主观感情或态度的形容 词：careful, clever, foolish, kind, nice等.这时形容词描述sb的性质、身份和特征。知识点6:动词不定式作主语与动名词作主语的区别动词不定式和动名词可用作句子的主语.且常用it作形式主语，而将不定式或动名词放在句子后面。不定 式作主语表示一次的，具体的动作，动名词作主语往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验。知识点7:短语中介词to与to作不定式符号的用法区别英语中有些短语中的t。为介词，

11、故其后需接动名词作宾语，不能把它们误当作动词不定式而跟动词原形。 初中阶段常见to作为介词的短语有look forward to doing sth/渴望做某事”. Pay attention to doing sth“注 意，make a contribution to”为作贡献“，devote.to./JE用于be used to doing sth”习惯做某事”。常考不定式做动宾：三个希望两答应：hope, wish, want, agree, promise两个要求莫拒绝：demand, ask, refuse设法学会做决定：manage, learn, decide不要假装在选择：p

12、retend, choose【速记口诀】“一准备”即prepareo二决定即 decide 和 determineo“三要求”即 ask, demand, requesto四希望即desire期望,expect盼望，hope希望,wish愿望。动名词：【动名词成份】动名词做宾语动宾enjoy /finish /keep/ practice / mind / suggest /consider /avoid /admit/ deny/imagine / give up doing / prefer doing to doing.介宾look forward to doing ； be / get

13、 / become used to doing ； instead of doinghave difficulty/ trouble (in) doing ； spend / waste some time (in) doing动名词做主语Playing computer games is a very popular way for people to relax, (play)动名词做表语My hobby is swimmini/ My favorite sports is swimming动名词做定语a swimming pool/a sleeping bag （相当于形容词，说明名词功

14、能）【注】：动名词否定形式为not doing结构。难点:某些动词或短语动词接动词不定式与接V-ing形式作宾语的意义差别某些动词后接不定式和V-ing形式作宾语意义不同，常见的有下列动词：stop doing.停止做(原有的动作)；stop to do停下来去做(另一件事)。(2) forget doing忘记做过(已做)；forget to do 忘记要做(未做)。(3) Remember doing 记得做过(已做)；remember to do记得要做(未做)。(4) regret doing后悔曾做过；regret to do很遗憾要做。mean doing 意味着做某事；mean

15、to do.打算做某事。(6) try to do sth尽力做某事，try doing sth尝试做某事。(7) see/hear/watch/notice sb. Do sth=see / hear/watch/notice sb. doing sth。前一种用法省略不定式符号to.表示do这一动作的全过程；后一种用法表示do这一动作正在进行。(8) goon to do something是做完一件事紧跟着做另一件事；而go on doing something是在做一件事的.一、单项选择1. An experienced guide is required the adventure

16、into the mountains.A. organizeB. to organize C. organizedD. organizing【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：需要有一位有经验的向导来组织进山的探险。考查动词不定式。由“is required”可知be required to do sth.表示“被要求做某事”，因此应填入动词不定式。故 选B。2. When I walked past the music room, I heard someone the piano in it.A. to playB. playedC. playingD. play【答案】c【解析】【详解】句意

17、：当我走过音乐教室时，我听到有人在里面弹钢琴。考查非谓语动词。hear sb do sth“听见某人经常做某事；hear sb doing sth“听见某人正在做某事:根据“When I walked past the music room, I heard someone.the piano in it.”可知,路过的时候听到有人正在弹钢琴,故选 C。3. Amy turned off her desktop after she finished the report on the school project.A. writeB. to writeC. writingD. wrote【答案

18、】C【解析】【详解】句意：艾米写完学校项目的报告之后关掉了电脑桌面。考查非谓语动词。表达“完成做某事”用动词短语“finish doing”,表达写”用动名词writing”作宾语。故选C。4. Beating Fan Zhendong in the Tokyo Olympics, Ma Long became the first player back-to-back（连续的） Olympic titles in the mens singles9 competition.（男子单打头衔）A. to winB. wonC. winningD. to winning【答案】A【解析】【详解】句

19、意：马龙在东京奥运会上击败樊振东，成为第一个在奥运会男子单打比赛中连续获得冠军的运动员。 考查非谓语动词。win赢得。名词“player”用动词不定式作后置定语。表达“第一个在男子单打比赛中连续赢 得奥运头衔的运动员”,用匕。win”。故选A。5. Jack tried his best to make his comic strips to life.A. comeB. cameC. comingD. to come【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：杰克尽最大努力使他的连环画栩栩如生。考查非谓语动词。make sth. do sth.为固定搭配，意为“让某物做某事。在主动语态里面，使用省略to

20、的动 词不定式（即动词原形）作宾语补足语。故选A。6. Nick likes travelling and he is always good at cheap flights online.A. foundB. findC. findsD. finding【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：尼克喜欢旅行，他总是善于在网上找到便宜的航班。考查非谓语动词。be good at doing sth.“善于做某事”，动名词作宾语，因此用finding。故选D。7. The officer refusedthe man enter the hall because he didnt wear a mask

21、.A. letB. to letC. letsD. letting【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：警官拒绝让那人进入大厅，因为他没有戴口罩。考查动词不定式作宾语。refiise to do sth.”拒绝做某事”，固定搭配，动词不定式作宾语。故选B。8. I can recognize the singer because I remember him somewhere.A. interviewB. interviewed C. to interview D. interviewing【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：我能认出这个歌手因为我记得在别处采访过他。考查非谓语动词。从句中“r

22、emember”是谓语动词，其用法为remember to do sth.记得去做某事，remember doing sth.记得做过某事，结合语境可知，应是记得见过这位歌手，故选D。9. Since youve made a decision abroad, you have to depend on yourself.A. studyB. to studyC. studiedD. studying【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：既然你已经决定出国留学，你就得靠你自己了。考查非谓语动词。study动词原形；to study动词不定式；studied动词过去式；studying动名词。根据句子

23、结 构可知，空处应是动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。10. The crew spent three days in space the Earth more than 15 times each day.A. circleB. to circleC. circlingD. to circling【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：宇航员们花费了三天在太空中，每天环绕地球15次以上。考查非谓语动词。句型“sb. spend time doing sth.”意为“花费时间做某事。动名词作宾语，故选C。11. I saw Tomfootball with his classmates at three

24、this afternoon.A. playsB. playedC. playingD. to play【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：今天下午三点我看见Tom和他的同班同学在踢足球。考查非谓语动词辨析。当see解释为“看见”时，后面不接从句，故填入非谓语动词；根据语境可知，说话者 只看到了踢足球的一个片段，see sb. do sth.表示“看见某人做某事的全程，see sb. doing sth.表示“看见某人做 某事的片段。故搭配doing。故选C。12. Bill often pretendsin class, but actually he doesnt at alLA. u

25、nderstandB. understanding C. understoodD. to understand【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：比尔在课堂上经常假装听懂了，但实际上他什么也听不懂。考查动词不定式。根据pretend to do sth.”假装做某事”，可知此处填动词不定式作宾语。故选D。13. He is a man with strong will and nothing will make him his mind.A. to changeB. changeC. changingD. changed【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：他是一个意志坚强的人，没有什么能使他改变主意。

26、考查make的用法。固定短语make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”，动词用原形，故选B。14. Daisy is consideringa new bed for her son. The old one is too small.B. to buyC. buyingD. bought【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：黛西正在考虑给儿子买张新床。旧的太小了。考查非谓语动词。固定短语consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”，故选C。15. The African doctors hope with the Chinese medical team once again.A.

27、workB. to workC. workingD. worked【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：非洲医生希望再次与中国医疗队合作。考查非谓语动词。固定短语hope to do sth.“希望做某事。故选B。拓展练二、阅读回答问题A boy called Mario had many friends, and he was proud of it. Whoever he met, he would like to show off how popular he was at school.One day, his grandpa said to him, “Mario, I know that

28、 you dont have as many friends as you think. Many of them are not true to you.”Mario thought maybe his grandpa was right. However, he didnt know the way to test whether his schoolmates were real friends or not, so he asked his grandpa. The old man answered, I have just exactly what you need. Ifs in

29、my room. Wait a minute. The old man left. Soon he returned as if （好像）he carried something in his hand, but Mario could see nothing there.“Take it Ifs a very magic chair. Because its invisible, it will be hard for you to sit on it. However, if you manage to sit on it you can use the chairs magic powe

30、r to tell who your real friends are.”The next day, Mario took the strange invisible chair to school. At break time, he asked everyone to form a circle, and he put himself in the middle with his chair.“Nobody moves. Youre about to see something amazing. said Mario. Then he tried sitting on the chair.

31、 Ir difficult for him to see the chair, so he missed and fell on the ground. Everyone laughed. Wait! Wait!, said Mario, and he made another try. But again he missed the seat.Mario didnt give up. He kept trying to sit on the magic chair. Finally, he did it. This time he felt himself in mid-chair. The

32、n he experienced the magic that his grandpa had told him. Looking around, Mario saw George, Lucas and Diana holding him up, so he wouldnt fall. But some schoolmates whom he had regarded as （当作） friends had done nothing but made fun of him. Mario was quite thankful to his grandpa because.16. Mario wa

33、s proud of having many friends, wasnt he?17. What did grandpa think of Marios friends?18. . What did Mario ask Grandpa to tell him?Mario asked grandpa to tell him19. What did Mario take to school the next day?20. Why could Mario sit on the magic chair at last?21. What would the writer probably write in the blank?Mario was quite thankful to his grandpa because【答案】16. Yes.17. Many of them were not true to him.18. . the way to test whether his schoolmates were real friends or not19. The strange invisible chair.