期末复习知识分类-形容词和副词（讲义）人教PEP版英语六年级下册.docx

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1、人教版小学英语六年级期末复习知识分类（六）（形容词和副词）知识梳理一、形容词和副词的用法词类用法例子形1.修饰名词,表示名词的属性,一般放在名词前。a big park容2、表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征或程度好坏等，My sister is词一般用在be动词的后面。polite.副词用来修饰动词、形容词或全句的词，表示时间、地点、 程度、方式等，一般放在动词之后，表示动作的特征。sing well, type quickly【注意】1 .在be, feel, smell, taste, get, become, sound, look, turn等连系动词之后，应该用 形容词而不是副词。如：

2、I feel sad. You look worried.2 .有的词既是形容词又是副词，如：fast-food快餐，run fast跑得快。二、形容词和副词的构成词类构成例子形容词本身就是形容词strong, tall, hot有的名词加ly变成形容词friend-friendly有的名词加y变成形容词rain-rainy, health-healthy在一些名词或动词后面加ful变 形容词use-useful, colour-colourful副词本身就是副词well,fast大部分形容词在其词尾直接加ly 变成副词quiet-quietly, quick-quickly, careful

3、-carefully,以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要 变y为i,然后再加ly变成副词。busy-busily, easy-easily某些以辅音字母加不发音e结尾 和以ue结尾的形容词要先去掉 e,然后再加y或ly变成副词。true-truly三、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级大多数形容词和副词都有比较级和最高级。比较级表示“更”，比较 用于两者比较。最高级表示“最”，用于三者或三者以上。形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成变化表类别比较级最高级例子一般情况一般在词尾 加-er一般在词尾加-estold-older-oldest词尾以不发音 的e结尾、只加-r只加-stnice-nicer-nice

4、st末尾只有一个 辅音字母的重 读闭音节先双写这个辅 音字母，再加 -er先双写这个辅音字 母，再加一estthin-thinner-thinnest以“辅音字母 +y 结尾的将y变为 1 , 再加-er将 “y” 变 “i” ， 再加一estheavy-heavier-heaviest双音节词和多 音节词在原级前面加more在原级前面加 mostbeautiful-morebeautiful-most beautiful不规则变化good/we11-better-bestbad/ill-worse-worstmany/much-more-most little-less-least far-

5、farther(further)-farthest(furthest)【注意】形容词和副词的最高级前面要加the修饰，如前面已有物主代词、指示代词或名 词所有格修饰，则省略the。四、形容词副词的比较级和最高级的用法1 .比较级常用于两者之间的比较，一般结构为：A+谓语+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B。 同时，在比较级前可以用much, a little等表示程度的副词修饰。如：She is (a little) older than me. I swim(much) faster than him.2 .形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级，表示“越来越”。如：The weather is

6、 getting hotter and hotter. Im stronger and stronger.3 .最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物的比较，表示人或物在某个范围内“最” 如：Thats the tallest dinosaur in this hall.【注意】1.形容词和副词的原级可以用“as+形容词或副词的原级+as结构对两者进行比较, 表示“和一样”。其否定形式为not as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as,表示 “不如/没有”。如：Lily is as young as Lucy. Lily和Lucy年纪一样大。练习检测一、按要求写单词或短语。1. early （反义词）3

7、. sun （形容词）5. fast （近义词）二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。2. colour (形容词)4. worse (原级)6. cloud (形容词)1. Lucy is( thin) than her friend.2. Summer is the( hot) season of the year.3. My sister is two years( young) than me.4. I wear( much) clothes than her.5. How( tall) are you?6. Sam is at sports. He also does in singing.

8、 ( well)7. Which is( heavy), the elephant or the hippo?三、在横线上写出划线单词的反义词。1. The days are short and the nights are in winter.2. He is happy, but I am.3. 一一Is he right?一一 No, he is.4. This dress isnt cheap, its, I won t buy it.5. - Are the desks and the chairs dirty?- No, they are6. The zoo isn，t from

9、our school. Its quite near.四、单项填空。)1. The nature park is than the forest park.C. biggestC. much fasterA. bigB. bigger)2. The plane is than the bike.A. more fastB. more faster)3. Chinese people areA. friendB. friendlyC. friendlier)4. We are because we will watch an football match.A. excite, excitingB

10、. excited,excited C. excited,exciting)5. She can do it me.A. as good asB. as well asC so good as（）6. Our city is getting.A. beautiful and beautiful B. more and more beautifulC. more beautiful and beautiful（）7. This story is funny.A. moreB. soC. as五、按要求完成下列句子。1. I am 150 cm. Mike is 155 cm.（用比较级合并句子）

11、2The watermelon is bigger than the pear.（近义句）3. The flower is big and red.（近义句）This is a4. The blue box is 5 kg. The white box is 6 kg.（用比较级合并句子 六、根据下面表格中的信息完成任务。NameAgeHeightWeightAmy13150 cm43 kgJohn11158 cm52 kgSusan16159 cm53 kg任务一：补全句子。1. Amy is 3 than Susan.2. John is 8 cm than Amy. But he is than Susan.3. - How is Susan?- She is cm.4. John is kg than Amy.5. Amy is than John, but she is than Susan.任务二：回答问题。6. Is Susan the oldest one?7. Are Amy and John taller than Susan?8. Whos the heaviest?