主谓一致 (3)课件.ppt

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1、主谓主谓一致一致学习目标：学习目标：掌握主谓一致，能够在考试掌握主谓一致，能够在考试中灵活运用。中灵活运用。做主谓一致题的三原则做主谓一致题的三原则：一、语法一致原则一、语法一致原则 二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则 三、邻近原则三、邻近原则语法一致原则语法一致原则：1.句子的主语是单数形式，谓语动要用单数形式；句子的主语是单数形式，谓语动要用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。主语是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。2.如果是不定代词做句子的主语，如如果是不定代词做句子的主语，如anything,everyone,everybody.,nobody 等，谓语动词通常用等，谓语动词通常用

2、单数形式。单数形式。3.当主语后面有当主语后面有as well as,like,but,except,with,together with,besides 等引导的词语时，谓语动词的等引导的词语时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常与这些词语前面的主语保持一致。单复数形式通常与这些词语前面的主语保持一致。I as well as they am ready to help you.A woman with two children is over there at the bus stop.4.如果句子是主从复合句，主句是一般将来时，则如果句子是主从复合句，主句是一般将来时，则从句是一般现在时。从句是一

3、般现在时。Fill the blanks with the right forms.1.Australia _(be)an extremely rich country.2.What _(be)advertisements made?3.If anybody _(call),tell him Ill be back later.4.Something _(be)wrong with your watch.5.He as well as I _(be)a football fan.6.Nobody but Tom and Kate _(be)there yesterday.7.If he _(c

4、ome)tomorrow,I wont go there.8.The teacher with his students _(have)a meeting.isarecallsisiswascomes is having意义一致原则：意义一致原则：谓语动词该用单数还是复数取决于主语谓语动词该用单数还是复数取决于主语所表达的内容在含义是单数意义还是复数意所表达的内容在含义是单数意义还是复数意义。义。注意：注意：以以s s结尾的名词，如果表示的意义是单数，结尾的名词，如果表示的意义是单数，则谓动词用单数形式；相反有些动词形式上是则谓动词用单数形式；相反有些动词形式上是单数形式，但表示复数意义，谓语

5、动词要用复单数形式，但表示复数意义，谓语动词要用复数形式，如：数形式，如：people,policepeople,police等这些集合名词等这些集合名词.这些词要根据实际表达意义来做题。如果主语这些词要根据实际表达意义来做题。如果主语是是thethe与与adjadj或是由或是由thethe与姓氏复数构成，则谓与姓氏复数构成，则谓语动词都用复数形式。语动词都用复数形式。.1.“the+姓氏名词的复数形式”表示“某某夫妇”或“某某一家人”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式.The Greens are having lunch now.2.主语前若加了all,some,half,enough等形容词

6、或two thirds等分数修饰时,谓语动词的数由名词类别和数量而定.All of the bread smells terrible.All of the boys were late for school yesterday.3.一些有成双部分的衣物名词或工具名词如:glasses,trousers,gloves,shoes 等作主语,谓语动词用复数形式.若用了pair等计量单位修饰时,谓语动词的形式由pair等词的单复形式决定My trousers are old,I want to buy a new pair.A pair of new shoes is given to me as

7、 a present by my father.意义一致是指意义上着眼处理主谓一致关系.谓语动词的单、复数形式，取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面的语法标志。4.单数形式、复数意义，如：people,policeThe police are running after the thief.5.复数形式、单数意义，如：news,physics,maths,politics 等。The good news makes us happy.6.一些集合名词，如:class,family,team,Chinese等作主语，当它们强调总体时，表示单数，强调个体时，表示复数。The class has

8、45 students.The class are planning trees on the hill.7.表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等名词作主语时常看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。Ten days is a long time.200 kilometres is not a short way.8.“the+形容词“表示”具有某特征的一类人“作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。The rich have much money.9.由and或bothand连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。Both bread and milk are good for your health.10.主

9、语前若加了one of,each of,none of,either of,neither of 等修饰成分时，句子主语强调个体，谓语动词用单数形式。One of the most popular subjects in our class is English.One of the most popular subjects in our class is English.Each of the houses is full of people.11.a number of 之后接可数名词的复数形式，意思为“大量的”，作句子主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，the number of后接可数名词的

10、复数形式，意思为“.的数量”.作句子主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.A number of students are playing on the playground.The number of the students in that school is more than 1,800.Fill the blanks.1.The USA _(be)a developed country.2.Mr Smith _(hate)to get up early in the morning.3.The rich _(have)much money.4.This works _(be)built in

11、2000.5.Physics _(be)my favourite subject.6.His friends books are new,but his _(be)old.7._(be)there any police around?8.His family _(be)not large.9.There _(be)few people present.10.The class _(have)a meeting now.11.The police _(look)for a thief.ishateshavewasisareAreisare are having are looking邻近原则：邻

12、近原则：谓语动词该用单数还是用复数形式，取决谓语动词该用单数还是用复数形式，取决于最邻近它的名词、代词或其它词的数。另外，于最邻近它的名词、代词或其它词的数。另外，neither.nor,Eitheror,or,not only neither.nor,Eitheror,or,not only but also but also 等连接两个名词或代词做主语时，等连接两个名词或代词做主语时，或由或由there,herethere,here引导的句子，并且主语不止一引导的句子，并且主语不止一个时，谓语动词通常与邻近它的主语保持数上个时，谓语动词通常与邻近它的主语保持数上的一致。的一致。Find t

13、he wrong words and correct them:1.There are some water and an apple on the desk._2.Either her mother or her father call for her everyday._3.Are neither she nor you a student?_4.Not only you but also he are in trouble._5.Not his son but he have a car._6.Are he or she afraid to go out at night?_is_cal

14、ls_Is_is_has_Is除了以上三个原则外，我们还要注意除了以上三个原则外，我们还要注意：1 1、动词不定式、动名词、从句或不可数名词动词不定式、动名词、从句或不可数名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.2 2、and and 连接两个单词做主语时，要看表示的连接两个单词做主语时，要看表示的意义来决定谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式。意义来决定谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式。A writer a

15、nd a teacher are coming to our school.A writer and a teacher are coming to our school.A writer and teacher is coming to our school.A writer and teacher is coming to our school.3 3、many amany a意为许多，但因后面的是单数名词意为许多，但因后面的是单数名词谓语动词用单数形式，这类的词大多数情况都用谓语动词用单数形式，这类的词大多数情况都用单数形式。单数形式。Think it over,and do it.1.

16、Three hours _(be)a short time.2.Ten pounds _(be)not so heavy.3.9999_(be)a large number.4.To see _(be)to believe.5.Whether we go or not _(depend)on the weather.6.Time _(be)money.7.The writer and the teacher _(be)coming.8.The writer and teacher_(be)coming.9.Many a person _(have)had that kind of experi

17、ence.isisisisdependsisareishas做主谓一致题的三原则做主谓一致题的三原则:一、语法一致原则一、语法一致原则 二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则 三、邻近原则三、邻近原则主谓一致在考试中的主要考察内容是主谓一致在考试中的主要考察内容是:一、名词做主语和谓语一致一、名词做主语和谓语一致 二、二、“the+形容词形容词”做主语与谓语一致做主语与谓语一致 三、并列主语与谓语一致三、并列主语与谓语一致 四、表示数量概念的名词做主语与谓语一致四、表示数量概念的名词做主语与谓语一致 五、五、a number of 与与the number of+(名词）做名词）做 主语与谓语一致主

18、语与谓语一致 六、六、There be 结构的主谓一致结构的主谓一致Choose the right answers.1.Twenty years _ passed.A are B is C have D has2.Many a student _ made the same mistake.A has B have C is D are3.Either you or I _ right.A is B am C are D were4.The old _ taken good care of in this country.A am B is C are D was5.His family _

19、 very big.His family _fond of music.A are;is B is;are C is;is D are;are6.The teacher with two students _ into the room.A go B goes C have gone D goingBABCBB7.His shoes _ worn out.The pair of shoes_Worn out.A have;has B has;have C has;has D have;have8.Not only you but also she _ wrong.A are B am C is

20、 D do9.When and where to hold the meeting_.A have not decided B has not decided C is not decided D are not decided10.Two thirds of water _ from the Yellow River A are B come C go D comes 11.Going to bed early and getting up early _ a good habit.A is B make C become D areACCDAGOOD BYE EVERYONE HAVE A GOOD TIME GOOD BYE EVERYONE HAVE A GOOD TIME