2023新人教版八年级上册-英语UNIT1-讲义.docx

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1、Unitl Where did you go on vacation?一、重点短语go on vacation 去度假 go to the beach 去海滩 quite a few 相 当 多stay at home待在家里 visit museums参观博物馆 study for为而学习most of the time大部分时间taste good尝起来很好吃of course 当然in the past在过去one bowl of. 一碗find out找出；查明up and down上上下下feel like给的感觉;walk around四处走走the next day 其次天 go

2、 on接着 come up出来感受到go to the mountains 去爬山go to summer camp 去参观夏令营go out出去have a good time 玩得兴奋go shopping去贝勾物because of 因为drink tea 喝茶something important 重要的事take photos 照相二、句型集萃buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物seem+ (to be) + adj. 看起来arrive in+大地点/ arrive at+小地点 到达某地taste + adj.尝起来keep doing st

3、h.接着做某事tell sb. (not) to do sth.告知某人(不要)做某事decide to do sth.确定去做某事 forget to do sth.遗忘做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 dislike doing sth.不宠爱做某事 so+adj.+that 如此以至于try doing sth.尝试做某事/ try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.遗忘做过某事/enjoy doing sth,宠爱做某事stop doing sth.停止做某事Why not do. sth.?为什么不做呢？look+adj.看起来sta

4、rt doing sth.起先做某事三、单元重点、难点、考点精讲（一）Section Al.Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪里度假了 ？ （Pl）1）这是有疑问副词where引导的特殊疑问句，where用来询问地点和场所，放在句首。a.do you?你从哪里来？b.does he?他住在哪里？2） go on vacation 意为去度假。I wantin Hainan this winter.今年冬天我想去海南度假。2 .visited my uncle 探望了我的叔叔（Pl）visit是及物动词,意为“探望；探望”，后接表示人的名词或代词。Visit还可以

5、意为“参观；巡游”，后接表示地点的名词。a.I visited my grandmother last week. 上周我去了 我的外婆。b.Do you want to visit Shanghai? 你想上海吗？拓展：visitor意为“参观者；游客”。eg: These visitors come from America.3 .buy anything special 买特殊的东西。（P2）5. Whatyou(do) last weekend?I(study) math on Saturday.课外练习题一、写出下列动词的过去式1. stay2. study3. stop4. dec

6、ide 5. write6. feel 7. has 8. find 9. come 10. are二、写出下列动词的原形1. went2. spent 3. played 4. called 5. wore6. bought 7. sold 8. enjoyed 9. got 10. ran 三、选择填空()1. 一 Howyou your summer vacation?I visited Xian.C. did, spentC. Whoand I helped him find his mother.C. was, criesC. findC.to joinC. doingC. play

7、ingA. do, spendB. did, spend)2.did you go on vacation?A. WhereB. What)3. There a small boy in the comer,A. was, cryingB. is, cry)4. Can you help me a taxi?A. lookB. give)5. Do you want the music club?A. joinB. joining)6. What did they decide then?A. doB. to do)7. We had great fun in the water.A. pla

8、yB. played)8. That was too expensive, I decided not to buy.A. becauseB. soC. if()9.1 didnt have money for a taxi, I have to walk home.A. many, because B. any, soC. some, so()10. Where you yesterday?A. do, goB. did, go C. did, went D. was, go()11. There a heavy rain last night.A. isB. areC. wasD. wer

9、e()12.1 you yesterday afternoon, but you at home.A. call, arent B. am calling, arent C. called, wereD. called, werent()13.1 didnt really enjoy it, the shops were too crowded.A. soB. becauseC. butD. or()14. Mom often tells me computer games too much.A. not play B. not to playC. not playing D. a play(

10、)15. We had great fun the volleyball match .A. watchB. watchedC. watchesD. watching四、完形填空Molly spent her summer vacation in China with her parents last year. They visited a lot offamous 1, such as Beijing, Guangzhou and Shanghai. She 2 Beijing for a week. She3 the Palace Museum, the Great Wall, Tian

11、5an Men Square 4 the Summer Palace. They 5 went to the zoos and the parks.6 was cloudy, but not rainy, so it 7 not too hot.She said Jit is interesting to visit China. I 10They 8 great fun playing in the zoos and the parks. Molly learnt a lot 9 Chinese history.)1. A. parksB. gardensC. citiesD. countr

12、ies)2. A. stayedB. stayed inC. livedD. lived at)3. A. madeB. criedC. feltD. visited)4. A. andB.OrC. ButD. until)5. A. tooB. eitherC. soD. also)6. A. ItB. ThisC. ThatD. They)7. A. isB. areC. wereD. was)8. A. haveB.didC. hadD. do)9. A. aboutB. atC. forD. in)10. A. hopeB. visitC. likeD. decideChina ver

13、y much.”四、阅读理解Last week, the teacher told us that there were many old things in the museum. So we decided to go and see them. Yesterday we went there on foot because the museum was not far from our school, and the weather was warm. The sun was shining. We walked down Zhong shan Road and turned left

14、at the second crossing (十字路 口). We found it on the left. It was between a bookshop and a library.Many people were there, but most of them were students. When the guide explained (讲解)，welistened carefully. There we learned a lot.依据短文内容，推断句子正(T)误(F)( )1. The teacher told them about the museum yesterda

15、y.( )2. It was a sunny day when they went to visit the museum.( )3. They went to the museum on foot.( )4. The museum was far from their school.( )5. Most of the visitors were students.1)buv及物动词,意为“买；购买”。其过去式为 0拓展：buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth.意为“给某人买某物”。My uncle a bike.=My uncle for me.anything丕定代回，意

16、为“某事；某件东西”，主要用于疑问句或否定句中。a.Do you want anything from me?b.I cant say anything about it.3) anthing special表示，特殊的东西”,形容词修饰不定代词时后置。a. Is therein this book?这本书里有新的内容吗？4.Oh, did you go anywhere interesting?哦，你去好玩的地方了吗？ (P2)1)本句是did开头的一般疑问句2) any where用作副词，意为“在任何地方”。eg： Did you go anywhere during the summe

17、r vacation?辨析：anywhere 与 somewhereanywhere意为“在任何地方”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。eg:I can9t find it anywhere.somewhere意为“在某处；到某处”，常用于确定句中。eg:I lost my key somewhere near here.5.We took quite a few photos there.我们在那里拍 了不少照片。(P2)take photos意为“照相；拍照eg:Weon the Great Wall.我们在长城上照了相。辨析：quite a few 与 quite a littlequite a

18、 few意为“很多;不少”，修饰可数名词复数;quite a little意为“很多;不少”，修饰不行数名词。a. He stays here for days.b.There is water in the bottle(瓶子).6.1 just stayed at homemost of the time to read and relax.我大部分时间只是待在家里读书休息。 (P2)most of the time意为“大部分时间”，其中most为代词,意为“大部分；大多数”。 拓展：most of意为中的大多数”，它作主语时，谓语动词取决于most of后所修饰的名皿a. Most o

19、f us(be)going to the park.我们大多数人要去公园。b. Most of the food(go)bad.大部分的食物都变质了。7 .Everything tasted really good!全部的东西尝起来真的很好吃！(P3)taste在此为系动词,意为“尝起来”，其后接形容词构成系表结构。a.The food tastes really great.食物尝起来棒极了。8 . Did everyone have a good time?大家都玩得很快乐吗？(P3)have a good time = enjoy oneself = have fun 玩得快乐 （+ d

20、oinq）eg: We had a good time visiting the the Great Wall.=We enjoyed ourselves visiting the the Great Wall.= We had fun visiting the the Great Wall.9 .How did you like it? 你觉得它怎么样？ （P3）How do/did you like?意为你觉得怎么样？ ”，用来询问对方的观点或看法,相当于What do you think of?eg: How do you like your new job?二your new job?

21、10 .Did you go shopping? 你们去购物 了吗？（ P3）go shopping意为“去购物；去买东西”，同义短语为do some shopping.eg: I usually go shopping on Sundays.我通常星期天去购物。拓展：“go+doing”形式表示“去做某事”，常用于表达从事某一体育活动或休闲活动。go skating 去滑冰go hiking 去远足go sightseeing 去观光go fishing 去钓鱼go swimming 去游泳go boating 去戈ll船11.1 went to a friend、farm in the c

22、ountryside with my family.我和家人一起去了 乡下一个挚友的农 场。（P3）a friends farm是名词全部格形式。一般状况下，表示“有生命的人或物”的名词后面加S,表示所属关系。eg:The red bike is Alices.那辆红色的自行车是爱丽斯的。拓展：名词全部格的构成：1）单数名词词尾加& ,复数名词词尾没有S,也要加上the girl s pen 女孩的钢笔womens shoes 女鞋on Childrens Day2）复数名词以s结尾的只加二the students9 reading room 学生阅览室Teachers5 Day 老师节3）假

23、如两个名词并列，并且分别有则表示“分别有”;只后一个名词有一个，s,则表示“共 直”：Johns and Kates rooms.约翰和凯特（各自）的房间。Lily and Lucy5s father. 莉莉和露西的爸爸（同一个爸爸）。4）表示无生命的名词一般以of构成短语,表示全部关系。a map of China 一幅中国地图the name of the story那个故事的名字12. Still no one seemed to be bored.（即使这样）仍旧没有人看起来无聊。（P3）1） seem意为“似乎；似乎；看来”。eg： Everything seems easy.一切似

24、乎很简单。拓展：a. seem+adj.看起来You seem happy today,你今日看起来很兴奋。b. seem+to do sth.似乎,似乎做某事“。I seem to have a cold.我似乎感冒了。c. It seems/seemed+从句”看起来似乎；似乎”。It seems that no one believes you.看起来似乎没有人信任你。2）辨析：bored 与 boringa. bored意为“厌烦的;感到无聊的”,一般在句中修饰人。b.boring意为“无聊的;令人厌烦的”,一般在句中修饰事或物。eg： a. Imwith what he said.我

25、对他说的话厌烦极了。b. I find the story very.我发觉这个故事太无聊了。（二）Section B1. What activities do you find enjoyable?你发觉什么活动让人欢乐？ （P5）1） activities是activity的复数形式，意为“活动”。 Students like outdoor activities. 2） enjoyable形容词,意为“开心的；欢乐的”。Im sure we will have an enjoyable vacation.我确信我们将会有一个开心的假期。2.1 arrived in Penang in M

26、alaysia this morning with my family.今日早上我和家人到达了马来西亚 的槟城。（P5）arrive不及物动词,意为“到达”。arrive还表示到达较大的地方，如国家、省、市等；arrive更 表示到达较小的地方，如机场、商店、广场、村庄等。（注：地点副词home, here, there前介词省略） 辨析：arrive in+大地点/ arrive at+小地点get to +地点reach+地点eg： I 倒达）school at 8： 00 o,clock yesterday.3. .so we decided to go to the beach nea

27、r our hotel.因此我们确定到旅馆旁边的海滩上去。（P5） decide to do sth意为“确定做某事eg: Theythe museum,他们确定去参观博物馆。拓展：decide后常跟“疑问词+动词不定式”做宾造。He can* decide when（leave）他不能确定何时动身。4. My sister and I tried paragliding.姐姐和我尝试了滑翔伞运动。（P5）try此处用作及物动词,其后常接名词、动名词或不定式,意为“尝试；试图，设法；努力” She is trying my bicycle.她正在试骑我的自行车。拓展：try也可用作名词,意为“

28、尝试”，常用短语“have a try”,意为“试一试”。 I want to have a try.我想试一试。辨析：try doing sth. / try to do sth.1）try doing sth.尝试做某事，表示一种尝试、做做看的想法，不确定付出很多努力。2） by to do sth.尽力、设法去做某事，表示想尽一切方法要把事情办成，强调付出努力设 法去完成。a. I him, but no one answered.我试着给他打电话了，但没有 人接听。b. Tm English well.我正尽力把英语学好。5. I felt like I was a bird. It

29、was soexciting!我感觉自己就像一只小鸟。太刺激了！（P5）1） feel like意为“给的感觉；感受到”。其后常接从句。eg: He feels like he is swimming.他感觉像在游泳一样。拓展：feel like还可意为“想要”，其后可接名词、代词或动名词。即：feel like sth.想要某物feel like doing sth.想要做某事eg： Do you feel like a cup of tea now?你现在想要一杯茶吗？Do you feel like（take） a walk in the park with me?你想跟我在公园漫步吗？

30、2）辨析：exciting 与 excitedexciting意为“令人兴奋的，使人激烈的”，一般修饰某物。excited意为“感到兴奋的，激烈的”，一般修饰某人。Eg： a.The story is(exciting, excited).b.He told me the(exciting, excited)news.c.Sarah was(exciting, excited)to see the singer.6. There are a lot of new buildings now.现在有很多新的建筑物(P5)building可数名词，意为“建筑物;楼房”。build 动词，“建立,建

31、筑”(built, built),7.1 wonder what life was like here in the past.我想知道在这儿过去的生活是什么样的。（P5）wonder此处是及物动词,意为“想知道；琢磨”。其后常接who, what, why等疑问词引导的宾语从句。Eg： 1.1 wonder.我想知道那个男孩是谁。A. the boy is whoB. who the boy is2.1 wonder what they were doing her已我想知道他去哪里了。8.1 really enjoyed walking around the town.我真的很宠爱在镇上到

32、处走走。（P5）1） eniov及物动词,意为“宠爱；观赏；享受的乐趣”，其后接名词，代词或动名词作宾语。a. Do you enjoy your job?你宠爱你的工作吗？b. I enjoy reading books.我宠爱读书。（enjoy doing sth.宠爱做某事）拓展：enjoy oneself =have a good time = have fun 玩得快乐 （+ doing sth.）2） walk around意为四处走走He9s just walking around the village.他只是在村庄里随意走走。9. What a difference a da

33、y makes! 一天的改变有多大呀！（P5）difference可数名词,意为“差别，差异；其形容词形式为different,意为“不同的；有差异的Eg: a. What is the difference between this book and that book?b. My schoolbag is different from yours. ( be different from意为“与不同)10. We wanted to walk up to the top , but then it started raining a little so we decided to take

34、 the train. (P5)1) want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”。2) start doing sth.意为“起先做某事”，同义短语：start to do sth.Eg: Tom started learning English last year.3) a little意为“一点儿”,在句中修饰动词、形容词或副词。也可以修饰不行数名词。Eg: a. I can draw a little, but only as a hobby.b. Ws a little cold outside. c. He can speak a little English.4) take

35、the train意为“乘火车”，take在此意为“乘坐”。11 .We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.因为人太多，所以我们 等了一个多小时的火车。(P5)1) wait for意为“等候”，其后可接人或物。Tom was waiting for a bus over there.2) over介词,意为“多于；超过“，相当于more than。Eg : My father is over 40 years old.There are over eight hundred student

36、s in our school.3) too many 意为“太多”，其后接可数名词复数。He always has too many questions to ask me. 辨析：too many +可数名词复数 意为“太多”too much +不行数名词意为“太多”much too +形容词意为“太”eg： I have homework to do today.12 .And because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below.而且因为坏天气,我们也没能看 到下面的任何景色(P5)辨析：because of 与 becau

37、sea. because of意为“因为，由于”，后可接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。He lost his job because of his age.b. because意为“因为”，引导状语从句，即接句子。I didnt buy the shirt because it was too expensive.13. My father didn9t bring enough money.我爸爸没带足够的钱(P5)1)辨析：bring 与 takebring意为“带来；拿来”，指从别处带到说话者所在地。take意为“拿走；带走”，指从说话者所在地带到别处去。2) enough意为“足够的

38、，充分的”1 .用来修饰形容词或副词，一般置于被修饰词之后。2 .用来修饰名词时可放在形容词前面或后面。Eg： a. We have enough time to do our homework.b. The box is big enough.14. .because we forgot to bring an umbrella.因为我们忘了带雨伞。（P6）辨析：forget to do sth.与 forget doing sth.forget to do sth.意为“遗忘要做某事（事情还没做）”eg: Dont forget to close the window.forget doi

39、ng sth.意为“遗忘做过某事（事情已经做过了）“eg: I forget closing the window.15. About one hour later, we stopped and drank some tea.大约一小时后，我们停下来喝了些茶。 （P6）1） one hour later 一小时后； 一小时前2） stop动词，意为“停止；中断”，过去式,现在分词；3） drink及物动词,意为“喝;饮”；还可以作名词,意为“饮料”。16. Did you dislike anything?你不宠爱什么东西吗？ （P7）dislike意为“不宠爱；厌恶”，其后可接名词、代词或

40、动名词形式作宾语。Eg： a. Marythe hamburgers.玛丽不宠爱汉堡包。b. I computer我不宠爱玩电脑嬉戏。17. Why not?为什么不带呀？ （P8）why not意为“为什么不呢”，一般用在疑问句中，表示提建议;why not后面需跟动词原形。 注：“Why not +动词原形?”相当于“Why dniTt you+动词原形?”a. Why not go to the party with me?=Why dont you go to the party with me?为什么不和我一起去参与聚会呢？b. take a walk? = take a walk?

41、为什么不去漫步呢？18 .Everyone in our class took a bag with some food and water.我们班上的每一个人都随身带了装有 食物和水的提袋。（P8）with介词，意为“具有；带有。此处介词短语with some food and water作bag的后置定 造。拓展：with作介词时的其他用法：a. 和一起 I often go to school my friend.我常常和挚友们一起去上学。b.以（手段、材料），用（工具），Cut the apple with a knife.用刀切苹果。19 . My legs were so tire

42、d that I wanted to stop.我的双腿太累了以至于我都想停下来。（P8）so.that. / such.that.（如此以致）引导的结果状语从句so+adj./adv.+that.Eg： 1. He is lovely a boy we love him very much.A.very, thatB.too, toC.as, asD.so, that2. The little boy is so young that he can t go to school.20 .常用的感叹句的结构:1) What +adj.+复数名词/不行数名词+主语+谓语!2) What+a/an

43、+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！3) How +adj. +a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！4) How+adj./adv. + 主语+谓语！eg: l.What an interesting book it is!二 How interesting a book is!2 .a clever girl she is!A.WhoB.What3 .clever a girl she is!A.WhoB.What4.important jobs they have done!A.WhatB.Who5.sweet water it is!A.WhoB.What6.interesting t

44、he dog is!A.WhoB.What那本书多么好玩啊!C.HowC.HowC.HowC. WhereC. WhereD.WhereD.WhereD.WhereD. HowD. How我的同学告知我坚持往前走，因此我便接着21 . My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on.前进了 (P8)1) tell sb. (not)to do sth.意为“告知某人(不要)做某事。The teacherthe window just now.老师刚才告知我们擦窗户。2) keep doing sth.意为“接着做某事，始终做某事”。SheTV

45、 for two hours last night.昨晚她持续看了两个小时的电视。23. Everyone jumped up and down in excitement.大家都兴奋地跳起来。(P8)up and down意为“上上下下；来来回回”，在句中作状语。Eg： They looked me. 他们上上下下端详我。He walksin the room.他在房间里来回走动。语法练习一、单选题()1.-Do you haveto say for yourself?-No,! have to say.A.something;everything B.nothing;somethingC.

46、 everything; any thingD.anything;nothing( )2.Paul and I tennis yesterday. He did much better than I.A.playB.will playC.playedD.are playing)3.He went into his room and to work.A.beginsB.beganCbeginningD.to begin)4.1 dont want to go to the museum, its too.A. relaxingB. boringC. boredD.beautiful)5.1 didnt go to the mountains the bad weather.A.soB.because ofC.becauseD.but)6.Do you enjoy photos?D.takesD.goedD.stayedD.bringingD.tellsA.to takeB.takeC.taking)7.Yesterday