unit7知识点精讲精练英语八年级下册（人教新目标版）.docx

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1、Unit7 Whats the highest mountain in the world一、square n.平方（不可数名词）例句：The room covers an area of about 25 square meters.【拓展】square：正方形；广场，街区（可数名词）例句：The cookies were in the form of squares.那些饼干是正方形的。We live three squares from the school.我们住在离学校三个街区的地方。二、population：集合名词，“人口”1、population常与the连用，作主语时，谓语动

2、词用第三人称单数形式。例句：The worlds population is increasing faster and faster.全世界人 口 增长得越来越快。2、当主语是表示“人口的百分之几，几分之几”时，谓语动词用复数形式。例句： About seventy percent of the population in China are farmers.中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民。3、表示人口的“多”或少”，不用“much”或little”,而要用“large”或“small”例句：India has a large population. EJ度人 口 众多。4、询问某国、某地

3、有多少人口时，不用“Howmuch.，而用“Howlarge”；问具体人 口时，用 “Whats the population of.?”例句：How large is the population of your hometown? 你们家乡人口有多少？What is the population of Hangzhou?杭州的人口有多少？三、Feel free to ask me anything on today、Great Wall tour.在今天的长城之旅中，大 家尽管问我任何问题，不要拘束。【解析】：1 feel free：随便，轻松例句：I like going out, be

4、cause this makes me feel free.【扩展】feel free to do sth随意做某事例句：If you need help, please feel free to ask me.2、tour：旅行，旅游 tourist ： n.游客例句：We are planning a tour around the world.我们正计划环球旅行。【扩展】:辨析tour/trip/travel1. trip 一般指时间短、距离近的“旅行、远足”，也可以指长途旅行。在非正式用语中 可代替journey。只作名词。例句： We made a boat trip to the

5、island last week and had a good time.上周我们坐船去岛上游玩，玩的很开心。November. Scientists flew there to watch. It was exciting. Smoke and fire were still rushingup. Pieces of red-hot rock were flying into the air and falling into the sea. The sea was boiling and there was a strange light in the sky. Coronado grew

6、 and grew. Then it stopped in June1957. It was 175 meters high and 2 kilometers long. And life was already coming toCoronado. Plants grew. Birds came. Some scientists built a house. They want to learn aboutthis young island. A new island is like a new world.根据短文内容，选择正确答案。26 . Coronado is.A . an isla

7、nd not far from IcelandC . a fishing boat27 . Scientists flew there.A . to watch the birth of the islandC . to learn about the island28 When did scientist fly there to watch?A . Before the volcano broke out.B . a new volcanoD . a place in IcelandB . to save the fishing boatD . to build a houseB . As

8、 soon as the volcano broke out.C About four days after the volcano broke out. D . After the volcano stopped rushing up. 29 . Put the following sentences in correct order.a. The captain found the boat was moving.b. A new island appeared in the sea.c. Fire, smoke and rocks were seen rushing up.d. A fi

9、shing boat was near Iceland.e. The island grew quickly.A . d-acb-eB . a-b一c-d-eC . a-be一c-dD . b-e-d-a-c30 . The best title of this article is.A . A new island B . The birth of an islandC . A new worldD . Scientists discovered CoronadoPitco is a special dog from Brazil （巴西）.Why do I say so? Because

10、he can go shopping all by himself. Every day, Pitco goes to Agro Pet to get his food. That makes him popular.Everybody knows Pitco J says the animal doctor of the shop. Sometimes, when he cant get what he wants, he barks （吠口U） until we give it to him.”After Pitco gets his food, he goes home. Of cour

11、se, the shop doesnt just give Pitco his foodfbr free. Agro Pet puts everything Pitco takes on a notebook, and later his owner (主人) comes by to pay (付费).But as a good boy, Pitco does not only think about himself and his own food. Sometimes his owner asks him to buy food fbr his other pets. And Pitco

12、is very happy to go to the shop and bring the food back home for the other pets in the family.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。31 . Whats special about Pitco?A . He can go shopping by himself.B . He comes from Brazil.C . He never barks at the doctor.D . He works for Agro Pet.32 . What does Pitco do when he cant get thi

13、ngs?A . He asks his owner for help.C . He barks to ask people fbr help.33 . Who will pay for Pitco?A . Agro Pet.B . His owner.B . He tries his best to jump high.D . He leaves to get more dogs to come.C . Pitco himself. D . Some kindpeople.34 . According to (根据)the last paragraph, Pitcos owner.A . ca

14、res about Pitco very muchB . is also the owner of Agro PetD . has got other pets at homeC feels happy to get food fbr Pitco35 . From the passage, we learn that Pitco is a dog.A . quietB . happyC . cleverD . dirty四、语法填空根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。Gardening is my favourite hobby. On my 36 (five) birt

15、hday, someone gave me flowers. I could 37 (look) at the flowers fbr a long time.My family usually spend summer in our summer house in a small village not far38 my hometown. It is 39 (please) to grow vegetables. My father helps40 (I) take care of the plants. I grow my favourite flowers there. Winter

16、jasmine andtulips are the 41 (early) flowers to come out in my garden in spring. Tm considering 42 (make) a small flowerbed fbr roses. Roses are very beautiful,43 they are not easy to grow.In 44 word, I really enjoy gardening. I hope to be a 45 (garden) in the future.五、材料作文46 .假设你是“绿色家园”环保组织的成员李明，现在

17、正在向初中学生讲述植物的 重要性并倡议学生们要保护它们。请根据下列要点写一篇关于植物的重要性(The Importance of Plants)的作文，可适当发挥，词数70词左右。提示(l)What plants can you see in our daily life?(2)What do plants need to grow well?Why are plants important?(至少三点)提示词：environment环境要求：L短文必须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥。2 .不得出现真实人名地名校名。3 .词数：不少于70词，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。书写规范整洁。The

18、 Importance of PlantsMy name is Li Ming. I am lucky to be here. Now, I want to say something about plants.答案1 . B【解析】句意：我认为游泳比跑步更刺激。考查形容词比较级。根据“than”可知，空处需用形容词比较级。故选B。2 . B【解析】句意：如果你想在你的工作中取得很大的成功，你需要努力工作。考查动词辨析。accept接受；achieve实现；arrive到达；appear出现。根据“great success” 可知，此处指获得成功,要用achieve。故选B。3 . C【解析

19、】句意：这四个人都死于车祸。考查介词辨析。across从（外部）穿过；during在期间；from因为（表示原因）； through 从（内部）穿过。根据“All the four people died . the car accident.”可知，此处 指死于车祸；die fi*om“死于”，固定短语。故选C。4 . D【解析】句意：她准备冒着生命危险拯救自己的国家。考查动词辨析。raise筹集；remind提醒；realize意识到;risk冒险。根据her life to save her own country.”可知是指冒着生命危险来拯救自己的祖国，risk ones life t

20、o do冒着生命危 险去做”。故选D。5 . C【解析】句意：全红婵在奥运会上真的做得很好。我认为她将来会更好。我也是 这么觉得的。你工作得越努力，你就越幸运。考查比较级的用法。hard努力地，副词，harder更努力地，比较级，hardest最努力地，最 高级；lucky幸运的，形容词，luckier更幸运的，比较级。解析句子可知，此处使用比较级 结构the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越就越故选C。6 . D【解析】句意：水是最便宜的饮料。它也是最健康的。考查最高级。根据Water is the cheapest drink.”可知，此处指水和其他饮料的比较，三者以 上用最高级，形容词最

21、高级前加定冠词the。故选D。7 . D【解析】句意：这个博物馆很出名。每天大约有两千人来参观。考查thousand用法。thousand被具体的数字修饰时，其后不加-s,且通常不与of连用，前 面没有具体数字时，要加s,其后要加of,故选D。8 . D【解析】句意：我们的处境真的很糟糕！如果我们不采取行动保护环境，我们将失去一切！考查名词辨析。condition条件，指的是一种环境或条件；situation状况，指的是一种状态 或情况；environment环境。根据We are really in a terrible”可知是处于一种糟糕的状态，用 situation,排除AC ；根据“p

22、rotect the”可知是保护环境。故选D。9 . A【解析】句意：第一批来自英国的移民抵达美国时处境艰难，因为那是一个寒冷的冬天， 他们几乎没有食物。考查词义辨析。condition状况，指一种环境或生活条件；situation情况，一种状态或局 面。根据because it was a cold w血er”可知，第一空表示移民者的生活环境很差，用 conditiono little 很少,表否定；a little一点儿,表肯定。根据in a hard condition”可知，他 们的食物很少，第二空用little。故选A。10 . A【解析】句意：鲍勃，我想买一辆车，但我没有足够的钱。

23、你有什么好主意吗？ 为什么不买一辆二手车？我表弟有一辆车况很好的二手车。考查名词辨析。condition 状态；situation 情况；communication 交流；information o 根 据“Why not buy a used car? My cousin has one in perfect. 可知，此处指车的状态不错，应 用 condition o 故选 A。11 . D 12 . B 13 . A 14 . C 15 . C 16 . B 17 . B 18 . D19 . C 20 . C【解析】本文讲了帝企鹅，并详细地介绍了它的体貌特征、孵化和小企鹅的成长等。11

24、.句意：然而，在五月，天气变冷，冰覆盖了大片海洋。changes 改变；carries 携带；passes 通过；covers 覆盖。根据前面的“the weather gets colder” 可知，天气更冷了，应该是冰覆盖了海洋大部分的面积。故选D。12 .句意：然后所有饥饿的妈妈们必须走回海洋去寻找食物。fathers 爸爸；mothers 妈妈；adults 成年人；kids 孩子。根据第三段的“By August, the mother penguin returns in time to see her baby come out of its egg.“可知，是所有饥饿的母企鹅必

25、须回 到海洋寻找食物吃。故选B。13 .句意：这就把保持企鹅蛋温暖的工作留给了企鹅爸爸。warm 暖和的；thin 瘦的；heavy 重的；cool 凉爽的。根据下文“The father penguins put eggs on top of their feet. In this way, they keep the eggs at body temperature fbr two months.“ 可知， 是保持蛋的温暖。故选A。14 .句意：这项工作从来都不容易。already 已经；almost 几乎；never 从不；quite 相当。根据下文“but the father pen

26、guins stay” 可知，这工作从来不是容易的。故选C。15 .句意：大多数动物都去了温暖的地方，但企鹅爸爸留下来了。give up 放弃；clean up 打扫；leave for 出发前往；ask for 寻求。根据上文“By July, it is winter in Antarctica.”可知，冬天到了，南极洲大部分动物都会前往更暖和的地方。故选C。 16 .句意：在这段时间内，没有食物，企鹅爸爸可以减掉几乎一半的体重。hide隐藏；lose丢失，减少；use使用；need需要。根据句中的“without food”可知，没有 食物，公企鹅几乎会减少一半的重量。故选B。17 .句

27、意：这可能很难。easy容易的；difficult困难的；boring无聊的；interesting有趣的。根据下文“If the baby falls, it can freeze （冻住）quickly.”可知，这可能是很困难的。故选B。18 .句意：所以父母必须小心谨慎。joyfill高兴的；excited兴奋的；anxious焦急的；careful小心的。根据上文“If the baby falls, it can freeze （冻住）quickly.”可知，小企鹅掉下来可能会被冻住，因此父母必须要小心。故 选D。19 .句意：在接下来的几个月里，企鹅父母轮流去海洋觅食。water

28、水；exercise 运动；food 食物；help 帮助。根据下文“They each make the trip several times, bringing back something to eat for the baby.”可知，公企鹅和母企鹅都要去海洋里寻找 食物，然后带回来给企鹅宝宝吃。故选C。20 .句意：这只小企鹅大约五个月大，可以自己生活了。days天；weeks周；months月；years年。根据第一段的“in May”以及最后一段的“By December, winter is ending.”可知，从企鹅产卵到小企鹅长大，经历了几个月，所以小企鹅 是5个月大了。

29、故选C。23 . A 24 . A 25 . D【解析】本文主要介绍了海豚的生活习惯及海豚的特性。21 .细节理解题。根据“A dolphin with a weight of 200kg to 250kg will eat 10kg to 25kg of fish every day.”可知，体重在200公斤到250公斤之间的海豚每天会吃掉10公斤到25公斤的 鱼。故选B。22 .细节理解题。根据“Dolphins have very good hearing. They use it to find things under the water可知，海豚通过听觉在水下寻找食物。故选C。23

30、 .细节理解题。根据“Dolphins live in the sea, but they are not a kind of fish and they dont lay eggs”可知，海豚不会产卵，故选A。24 .细节理解题。根据“Dolphins live in the sea, but they are not a kind of fish”可知，海豚不 是一种鱼，故选A。25 .最佳标题题。文章主要讲了海豚的生活习惯及特性，用“Something about dolphins”做标 题最合适。故选D。26 . A 27 . A 28 . C 29 . A 30 . B【解析】本文主

31、要介绍了科罗纳多岛屿在火山爆发之下是如何形成的，并且科学家见证了 它的形成。27 .细节理解题。根据“Coronado was bom in 1953. Scientists saw the birth of this island.”可知 科罗纳多是座岛屿。故选A。28 .细节理解题。根据“Scientists flew there to watchCoronado grew and grew.”可知，科学 家们飞往那里观看科罗纳多岛的诞生。故选A。29 .推理判断题。根据It began at 6: 30 a.m. on 14th November.及It was 10 meters hi

32、gh the next day and 60 meters high on 18th November. Scientists flew there to watch.“可知， 火山于 1 月14日上午6: 30开始爆发，1月18日科学家到达那里，故可推断，科学家在火山爆发大 约四天后飞到那里观看的。故选C。30 .细节理解题。通读全文可知，下列句子的正确顺序是A fishing boat was near Iceland.； The boat moved under the captains （省台长）feet. ； A volcano （火山） was breaking out. Red-

33、 hot rocks, fire and smoke were rushing up from the bottom （底部）of the sea. ； The island grew quickly.正确顺序是：da一c一beo故选Ao31 .最佳标题题。通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了科罗纳多岛屿在火山爆发之下是如何形 成的。故选B。31 . A 32 . C 33 . B 34 . D 35 . C【解析】本文主要讲述了一只来自巴西的狗，它可以自己去购物。32 .细节理解题。根据“Pitco is a special dog from Brazil （巴西）.Why do I say so?

34、 Because he can go shopping all by himself.”可知，它能够自己去购物。故选Ao33 .细节理解题。根据Sometimes, when he cant get what he wants, he barks （吠叫）until we give it to him可知，有时，当他得不到他想要的东西时，他会吠叫，直到我们把它给他。故选Co34 .细节理解题。course, the shop doesn just give Pitco his food for free. Agro Pet puts everything Pitco takes on a no

35、tebook, and later his owner （主人）comes by to pay 附 费）.”可知，他的主人会来付钱，故选B。35 .细节理解题。根据“Sometimes his owner asks him to buy food for his other pets.”可知，有 时主人还会让他为其他宠物买食物，所以他的主人养了其他的宠物。故选D。36 .推理判断题。根据文意可知，Pitco会自己去购物，所以它是一只聪明的小狗。故选Co37 . fifth 37 . look 38 . from 39 . pleasing 40 . me 41 . earliest42 . m

36、aking 43 . but 44 . a 45 . gardener【解析】本文介绍了作者的爱好园艺。36 .句意：在我五岁生日那天，有人送了我花。根据birthday”可知是指五岁生日，需用序 数词，表示顺序。故填fifth。37 .句意：我可以很长时间地看着这些花。“coukT后跟动词原形。故填look。38 .句意：我们家通常在离我家乡不远的一个小村庄的避暑别墅里避暑。far fh）m表示“远 离”。故填from039 .句意：种蔬菜是令人愉快的。be动词后跟形容词作表语；此处是指种蔬菜令人愉悦， 用形容词pleasing“令人愉悦的。故填pleasing。40 .句意：我爸爸帮我照顾

37、植物。动词helps后跟代词宾格。故填me。41 .句意：迎春花和郁金香是我花园里春天最早开放的花。根据“in my garden in spring.”和 “the”可知，此处需用最高级，表示“最早开放的花”。故填earliest。42 .句意：我正在考虑为玫瑰做一个小花坛。consider doing sth表示“考虑做某事二 动名词 作宾语。故填making。43 .句意：玫瑰很漂亮，但是不容易种植。解析句子可知，前后是转折关系。故填but。44 .句意：总之，我真的很喜欢园艺。In a word总而言之:固定短语。故填a。45 .句意：我希望将来成为一名园丁。根据I hope to b

38、e a”可知，是成为园丁(gardener)；冠词a后跟名词单数形式。故填gardenero46 .例文The Importance of PlantsMy name is Li Ming. I am lucky to be here. Now, I want to say something about plants.Plants are very common in our daily life. There are many trees and flowers around us. Plants need sunlight and rain to grow well. They are

39、very important to us. First, plants can provide us with fruit, medicine, wood and so on. Secondly, plants provide oxygen fbr human beings and beautify the environment. Finally, plants can also provide homes and enough food fbr animals and birds. So we should protect the environment, and we should pl

40、ant trees every year.【解析】总体解析题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文；时态：时态为“一般现在时”；提示：根据所给提示完成写作，不能遗漏信息，可适当发挥。写作步骤第一步，介绍日常生活中的植物；第二步，介绍植物需要什么才能长得好；第三步，最后介绍植物很重要的原因。亮点词汇be important to 对重要provide sth for sb为某人提供某物beautify the environment 美化环境高分句型So we should protect the environment, and we should plant trees every year, （

41、and 连接两个并歹U 结构）I will be on a trip to / journey to the south next summer holiday.明年暑假我回去南方旅行2. tour着重指旅行线路比较曲折，常表示“（周游各地的）参观、访问、（巡回）旅游、 视察、购物、演出”等意思。可作动词和名词。例句：I will tour the world in the future.未来我会环游世界3. travel作“旅行、游历”解，一般表示从一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念。常指长时 间、远距离的“旅行L尤指出国旅行。可作动词和名词。其复数形式意思为“旅游笔 记”、“游记”。例句： At

42、 present, many people are fond of travel in their spare time.现在有许多人喜欢在 闲暇时间去旅行。【总结】tour（n.）一周游”。指途中在许多地方作短暂停留的观光游览。trip（n.）-“旅行，指来往有定的短距离旅行，强调在路上所花的时间和所走的路程。travel.）一”旅行工惯用复数形式。泛指旅行各地，表示旅行的路途远，时间长。四、protect：保护，防护protectfrom/ against 保护使不受例句： He wears sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong su

43、nshine.他戴着太阳镜遮挡强烈的阳光。【扩展】protection：不可数名词,“保护，防御”under the protection of 在保护 下例句：The chicks are under the protection of the hen.小鸡们处在母鸡的保护下。五、Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. 更加严峻的困难包括极冷的天气状况和巨大的风暴。【解析】k include： v. “包括，包含、 指包含其中的一部分彳列：The price in

44、cludes both house and furniture.【扩展】include：做动词，还可意为“算再内，列在里面”例句：Please include me in your group.included：形容词，无比较级，一般位于名词或代词之后。例句：Everyone laughed, me included.每个人都笑了，包括我。including：介词，意为“包括，包含在内”；例句：Everyone laughed, including me.2、condition： n.”条件,状况”在表示“在情况或环境下通常用in或under”.（当“条件，地位”讲时，多位可数名词；当“状态，

45、状况”讲时，多为不可数名词）例句：Its terrible to study in such conditions.在这种条件下学习非常糟糕。The old man is in good condition.这个老人身体状况很好。【扩展】on condition that +从句：在条件下，例句果彳列： He can use the bike on condition that he returns it tomorrow.他可以使用自行车，条件是明天必须归还。六、succeed v.成功，实现目标例句：His plan succeeded.【扩展】1、succeed in doing sth

46、 成功做成某事例句： At last he succeed in solving the problem.2、success：不可数名词，“成功”彳列句： Failure is the mother of success.【注意】success表示抽象意义的“成功 是不可数的；表示具体意义的“成功的人或事、 则是可数的。例句：He is a success in business.在事业上他很成功。3、successful：形容词,“成功的”,例句：The performs was very successful.演出很成功。七、achieve：及物动词，“达到；完成；成功”，其宾语可以是“实

47、现”的目标、目的；也 可为“取得”的胜利、名誉、地位等。【扩展】1 achieve 有时与 this, that, what, all, much, anything, nothing, a little 等代词连用时，表“获得（成功），取得（成就）”彳列句： No one can achieve anything without hard work.2、achievement： n.成就，业绩（可数）；达到，成功（不可数）例句：Flying across the Atlantic fbr the first time was a great achievement.首次飞跃大西洋是一项了不起的业绩。八、This elephant weighs many times more than this panda. 这只大象比这只熊猫重许 多倍【解析】1、 weigh ： v.有重,重A.表示“重（多少）”，为系动词。例句：He weighs 60 kilos. 他重 60 千克。B.表示“称的重量”为及物动词例句：He weighed the fish.他称了这条鱼。【扩展】weight：不可数名词，“重量，体重”例句：Whats the weight of th