2023年考研外语专家预测过关卷3.docx

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1、考研外语专家预测过关卷3一、Use of EnglishI) The (1) of the fluorescent tube (2) a major revolution in the development of better and cheaper lighting. First shown at the New York and San Francisco World (3) in 1939, this more efficient, more diffuse, longer-lived lamp has been (4) improved, so that slowly it (5)

2、the supremacy of the incandescent household globe. The fluorescent tube (6) Australian homes, shops and factories today is seven or eight times (7) the tubes that brought shadow-free lighting to many of Britains wartime factories. Its (8)too, is much greater一from 2, 000 hours in 1940 to mc/re than 7

3、, 500 hours today.But (9) its (10) use for more than 30 years, the fluorescent tube remains aII) ) to many of its users. It is built (12)a completely different (13)from the incandescent light. In the incandescent bulb, a tungsten wire (14) than a human hair, is brought to white-hot temperature by pa

4、ssing an electric (15)through it. In the fluorescent tube a streamB.Our living space should be measured in cubic volumeC. We need to take some measures to protect spaceD. We must create better living conditions for both birds and animals6、 Traffic statistics paint a gloomy picture. To help solve the

5、ir traffic woes, some rapidly growing U. S. cities have simply built more roads. But traffic experts say building more roads is a quirk-fix solution that will not alleviate the traffic problem in the long run. Soaring land costs, increasing concern over social and environmental disruptions caused by

6、 road-building, and the likelihood that more roads can only lead to more cars and traffic are powerful factors bearing do you a 1950s-style. construction program.The goal of smart-highway technology is to make traffic systems work at optimum efficiency by, treating the road and the vehicles travelin

7、g on them as an integral transportation system. Proponents of this advanced technology say electronic detection systems, closed-circuit television, radio communication, ramp metering, variable message signing, and other smart-highway technology can now be used at a reasonable cost to improve communi

8、cation between drivers and the people who monitor traffic.Pathfinder, a Santa Monica, California-based smart-highway project in which a 14-mile stretch of the Santa Monica Freeway, making up what is called a z/smart corridor”, is being instrumented with buried loops in the pavement. Closed-circuit t

9、elevision cameras survey the flow of traffic, while communications linked to properly equipped automobiles advise motorists of the least congested routes or detours.Not all traffic experts, 1 however, look to smart-highway technology as the ultimate solution to traffic gridlock. Some say the high-te

10、ch approach is limited and can only offer temporary solutions to a serious problem.“Electronics on the highway addresses just one aspect of the problem: how to regulate traffic more efficiently, z/ explains Michael Renner, senior researcher at the Worldwatch Institute. It doesn，t deal with the centr

11、al problem of too many cars for roads that can t be built fast enough. It sends people the wrong message. They start thinking. Yes, there used to be a traffic congestion problem, but thats been solved now because we have an advanced high-tech system in place. Larson agrees and adds, Smart highways i

12、s just one of the tools that we will use to deal with our traffic problems. Its not the solution itself, just part of the package. There are different strategies. z/Other traffic problem-solving options being studied and experimented with include car pooling, rapid mass-transit systems, staggered or

13、 flexible work hours, and road pricing, a system whereby motorists pay a certain amount for the time they use a highway.It seems that we need a new, major thrust to deal with the traffic problems of the next 20 years. There has to be a big change.What is the appropriate title for the passage?A.Smart

14、 Highway Projects一The Ultimate Solution to Traffic CongestionB.A Quick Fix Solution for the Traffic ProblemsC.A Venture to Remedy Traffic WoesD. Highways Get Smart一Part of the Package to Relieve Traffic GridlockThe compound word quick-fix“ in Paragraph 1, Sentence 3 is the closest in meaning toA.an

15、optimal solution7、 an expedient solutionC.a ready solutionD.an efficient solutionAccording to the passage, the smart highway technology is aimed toA. deploy sophisticated facilities on the interstate highwaysB.provide passenger vehicles with a variety of servicesC. optimize the highway capabilitiesD

16、. improve communication between driver and the traffic monitorsAccording to Larson, to redress the traffic problemA. car pooling must be studiedB. rapid mass-transit systems must be introducedC.flexible work hours, must be experimentedD.overall strategies must be coordinatedWhich of the following be

17、st describes the organization of the whole passage?A. Two contrasting views of a problem are presentedB. A problem is examined and complementary solutions are proposed or offeredC. Latest developments are outlined in order of importanceD. An innovation is explained with its importance emphasized11 T

18、he case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become better people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who

19、dont go.But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who dont fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere w

20、ith each other5 s experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Others find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out一often encouraged by college administrators.Some observers say the fault is with the young people themselves一t

21、hey are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But thats a c6ndemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn，t explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. Weve been, told that young people have to go to college because our economy can t absorb a

22、n army of untrained eighteen-yearolds either.Some adventuresome educators and campus watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statis

23、tics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesn，t make people intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn things一maybe its just the other way around, and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-learning people

24、 are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, mor

25、e has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.What does the author believe according to the passage?A.People used to question the value of college educationB.People used to have full confidence in higher education C.All high school graduates went to collegeD.Very few high s

26、chool graduates chose to go to college 12、In the second paragraph, “those who dont fit the pattern” refers toA.high school graduates who arent suitable for college educationB.college graduates who are selling shoes and driving taxisC.college students who arent any better for their higher educationD.

27、 high school graduates who failed to be admitted to collegeWhy does the drop-out rate of college students seem to go up?A. Young people are disappointed with the conventional way of teaching at collegeB. Many young people are required to join the armyC. Young people have little motivation in pursuin

28、g a higher educationD. Young people dont like the intense competition for admission to graduate schoolAccording to the passage, the problems of college education partly arise from the fact thatA. society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trainedcollege graduatesB. high school graduates do not

29、fit the pattern of college educationC. too many students have to earn their own livingD. college administrators encourage students to drop outIn this passage the author argues thatA. more and more evidence shows college education may not be the best thing for high schoo graduatesB. college education

30、 is not enough if one wants to be successfuC. college education benefits only the intelligent, ambitious, and quick-leaning peopleD. intelligent people may learn quicker if they don t go to college16、There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degrees of health and wealth an

31、d the other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes miserable. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds. The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things, the pleas

32、ant parts of conversation, the well-prepared dishes, the goodness of the wines, the fineweather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things. Therefore, they are continually, discontented. By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of so

33、ciety, offend many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind were founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its poss

34、essors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who haveit are convinced of its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit.Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious co

35、nsequences in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect, and scarcely that. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at

36、obtaining some advantage in rank or fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone stir a step or speak a word of favour for their hopes. If they bring on themselves public disapproval,no one will change this bad habit and condescend to be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needle

37、ssly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.People who are unhappyA. always consider things differently from othe

38、rsB. usually are influenced by the results of certain things C.can discover the unpleasant part of certain things D. usually have a fault-finding habit 17、The phrase sour the pleasures of society” (Para. 2) most nearly meansA. have a good taste to the pleasures of societyB.aren t content with the pl

39、easures of societyC.feel happy with the pleasures of societyD.enjoy the pleasure of society18、Which of the following statements NOT true according to the passage?A.We should pity all such unhappy peopleof electrons bombards a gas containing mercury, (16) invisible ultraviolet radiation. The ultravio

40、let rays hit the fluorescent coating that (17)the tube, (18)it to grow. A 40 watt fluorescent tube gives twice as much light as a 100. watt tungsten globe, (19)about five times as long, and runs cool enough to (20) higher levels of light.A.discoveryB. inventionC. conventionD.creation2、(2)A. brought

41、inB. brought forC. brought aboutD. brought around3、A. MarketsB. AffairsC. CentersD. Fairs4、(4)A. constantlyB.Such unhappy people are critical about everythingC.If such unhappy people recognize the bad effects of the habit on themselves they may get rid of itD.Such unhappy people are also not content

42、 with themselvesscarcely that (Para. 3) meansA.just like thatB. almost not like thatC. more than thatD.not at all like thatIf such unhappy persons dont change their bad behaviour, what should people do according to the author?A.People should avoid contact with themB.People should criticize their mis

43、conductC. People should help them recognize the bad effects of the habitD.People should show no respect and politeness to them21 Part B (10 points)In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41 -45, choose the most suitable one from the list (A、 B、C、D、E F、G) to fit into ea

44、ch of the numbered blank.There are several extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. (10 points)Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable, whether you are a book-lover or merely there to buy a book as a present. You may even have entered the shop to find shelter from a sudden shower.

45、Whatever the reason, you can soon become totally unaware of your surroundings. The desire to pick up a book with an attractive dust-jacket is irresistible, although this method of selection ought not to be followed, as you might end up with a rather dull book. (41).(42). There are not many places wh

46、ere it is possible to do this. A music shop is very much like a bookshop. You can wander round such places to your hearts content. If ii is a good shop, no assistant will approach you with the inevitable greeting: Can I help you, sir?” You neednt buy anything you don t want. In a bookshop an assista

47、nt should remain in the background until you have finished browsing. Then, and only then, are his services necessary. (43).You have to be careful not to be attracted by the variety of books in a bookshop. It is very easy to enter the shop looking for a book on, say, ancient coins and to come out car

48、rying a copy of the latest best-selling novel and perhaps a book aboutbrass-rubbingsomething which had oily vaguely interested you up till then. (44). This sort of thing can be very dangerous. Apart from running up a huge account, you can waste a great deal of time wandering from section to section.

49、 Booksellers must be both long-suffering and indulgent.(45). A medical student had to read a text-book which was far too expensive for him to buy. He couldnt obtain it from the library and the only copy he could find was in his bookshop. Every afternoon, therefore, he would go along to the shop and read a little of the bo