2023届山西省临汾市高三下学期高考考前适应性训练考试(一)英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、临汾市2023年高考考前适应性训练考试（一）英语注意事项:L答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在 本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分，不计入总分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C

2、三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15.B.9.15.C.9.18.答案：A B C1. What are the speakers talking about?A. A Chinese restaurant. B. Fried chicken. C. An Italian restaurant.2. What does the man think of the advertisement?A Its cheap. B Its expens

3、ive. C, Its reasonable.3. When is the film going to be on?A. At 7:35. B. At 7:05. C. At 7:45.4. What is the woman going to do this weekend?A. Have a picnic. B. Prepare fbr an exam. C. Have an exam.5. What does the woman suggest they do?A. Take the bus. B. See another show. C. Walk to the theatre.第二节

4、（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项that fiber-optic cables will serve to benefit us greatly in the future.12. What is the purpose of the work of Fichtners team?A. To track volcanic activities.B. To strike oil under the sea.C. To lengthen fiber-optic cables.D. To keep fibe

5、rs covered in the snow.13. What can we learn about the technique of DAS?A. It determines when and where disasters occurs.B. It uses radio waves to locate moving objects.C. It improves the efficiency of transmitting light.D. It detects tiny variation of the earths surface.14. What does the underlined

6、 expression Repurposing cables“ probably mean?A. Recycling cables in new fields.B. Adapting cables for a new function.C. Installing cables beneath volcanoes.D. Promoting cables into massive production.15. What is the best title for the text?A. DAS Is Feeling the Heartbeat of VolcanoesB. Satellite Te

7、chnology Is Booming in Our TimesC. Underground Cables Are Taking the Planefs PulseD. Fiber-optic Cables Are Giving Us Insights into Earthquakes【答案】12. A13. D 14. B 15. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲的是地下电缆正在测量地球的脉搏以及光纤电缆在将来会给我们带来很 大的好处。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 “After a days labor, Andreas Fichtner and his colleagues

8、 have spliced （绞接）together three segments of fibers, creating a 12.5-kilometer-long fiber-optic。匕学的）cable. It will stay buried in the snow to spy on the activity of Grfmsvotn, a dangerous, glacier-covered volcano. （经过天的劳动， Andreas Fichtner 和 他的同事们将三段纤维拼接在一起，形成了一根12.5公里长的光纤电缆。它将被埋在雪中，监视Grfmsvotn 火山的活

9、动，这是一座危险的冰川覆盖的火山。）可知，Fichtner团队工作的目的是追踪火山活动。故选A 项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 “DAS involves shooting quick pulses of laser light down the fiber and detecting bits of light that scatter back to the laser source due to disturbances in the environment. When the earths surface vibrates and shifts, it pulls the

10、cables, so a detector can identify these small changes.v （DAS 包括沿光纤发射快 速激光脉冲，并检测由于环境干扰而散射回激光源 光位。当地球表面振动和移动时，它会拉动电缆，所 以探测器可以识别这些微小的变化。）可知，我们可以从DAS技术中了解到它能探测到地球表面的微小变 化。故选D项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段中 “The New York Times points out that although wireless and satellite technology are booming, good old-fashio

11、ned cables are still the most efficient way to send information across oceans.” （纽约 时报指出，尽管无线和卫星技术正在蓬勃发展，但老式的电缆仍然是跨越海洋发送信息的最有效方 式。）提出老式的电缆仍然是跨越海洋发送信息的最有效方式，以及划线单词句中的“could give scientists the ability to monitor high-risk zones that were previously hard to reach. ” （可以使科学家能够监测以 前难以到达的高风险地区。）可猜测，划线单词R

12、epurposing cables为“重新调整电缆用途”，结合选项B 项Adapting cables for a new function 为新功能改造电缆”意思一致。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段 “Fichtner, a geophysicist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, in Zurich, is one of the researchers using fiber optics to take the pulse of our planet. Much of their work is do

13、ne in remote places, from the tops of volcanoes to the bottoms of seas, where traditional monitoring is too costly or difficult. （Fichtner是苏黎世瑞士联邦理工学院的地球物理学家，他是使用光纤测量地球脉动的研究人员 之一。他们的大部分工作是在偏远的地方完成的，从火山顶部到海底，传统的监测太昂贵或太困难。）和 最后一段 “In addition, fiber-optic cables could also help solve some of the bigge

14、st challenges for humans. In the recent years, scientists have started to use them to measure ocean waves and access fault information. It is believed that fiber-optic cables will serve to benefit us greatly in the future. （此外，光纤电缆还可以帮助解决人类面 临的一些最大挑战。近年来，科学家们已经开始使用它们来测量海浪和获取故障信息。人们相信光纤电缆 在将来会给我们带来很大

15、的好处。）可知，文章主要讲的是地下电缆正在测量地球的脉搏以及光纤电缆在 将来会给我们带来很大的好处。故文章最好的标题是“地下电缆正在测量地球的脉搏”。故选C项。第二节（共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The chicken or the egg-which came first? Its probably one of the most commonly cited paradoxes （悖论）一achicken hatches from an egg, so the egg came first, righ

16、t? But then what laid the egg? 16 Thats exactly what a paradox isa problem that seemingly has no definitive solution and cant be logically solved.17 How can work be flexible but maintain structure? How can we switch off if were working from home? Two contrasting ideas could cause people stress, but

17、what if we accept the contradiction and change the way we look at it? 8A paradox consists of two seemingly impossible realities that exist at the same time. 9 For example, holding on to change may lead to burn-out, while maintaining stability may lead to boredom. Some experts have found the acceptan

18、ce of both realities and a willingness to accept them can improve both creativity and productivity by allowing you to find a path through the contradictions.A 1996 study of geniuses by Albert Rothenberg found that those thinkers spent time considering opposites and antitheses. Consider Einstein. The

19、 theory of relativity was bom out of the paradox that something could be moving and stationary at the same time, depending on perspective.So, having a “paradox mindset“ and accepting the bigger picture may help you to better understand problems.20 As a result, it may lead you to improving your produ

20、ctivity and creativity. If it worked for Einstein, maybe it could be good for you too!A. The two ideas seem contradictory.B. The two questions remain unanswered.C. This is what some experts call the “paradox mindset”.D. It could also make you happier knowing that contradictions exist.E. Paradoxes ar

21、e apparently ridiculous or selfcontradictory statements.F. Paradoxes dont just exist in philosophical debates but also in our daily lives.G. If you embrace one of those realities and ignore the other,it can cause problems.【答案】16.A17. F 18. C 19. G 20. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了悖论的定义，以及接受矛盾心态”可能会给你带来一些好处

22、。 【16题详解】根据上文 “The chicken or the eggwhich came first? Its probably one of the most commonly cited paradoxes a chicken hatches from an egg, so the egg came first, right? But then what laid the egg? ” （先有鸡还是先有蛋？ 这可能是最常被引用的悖论之鸡是从蛋里孵出来的，所以先有蛋，对吧？那么是什么下了蛋呢？）提出一种悖论的事实，结合常识可知，这两种观点相互矛盾。下文uThafs exactly wh

23、at a paradox is一a problem that seemingly has no definitive solution and carft be logically solved. ” （这正是悖论的含义个似乎没有确定的解决方案，也不能用逻辑解决的问题。）可推知，空格处内容为这两种观点的评价。结合 选项A项“The two ideas seem contradictory.（这两种观点似乎相互矛盾。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选A项。【17题详解】由该空格处位于段落句首可知，为总结该段内容或与下文内容相关。该段下文How can work be f

24、lexible but maintain structure? How can we switch off if were working from home? Two contrasting ideas could cause people stress, but what if we accept the contradiction and change the way we look at it?” （怎样才能工作灵活而 又保持结构？如果我们在家工作，我们怎么能关机呢？两种截然不同的观点可能会给人带来压力，但如果 我们接受这种矛盾并改变我们看待它的方式呢？）可知，讲的是悖论存在于生活中的

25、案列。结合选项F项u Paradoxes dont just exist in philosophical debates but also in our daily lives.（悖论不仅存在于哲学辩论 中，也存在于我们的日常生活中。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选F项。【18题详解】根据上文 “How can we switch off if we9 re working from home? Two contrasting ideas could cause people stress, but what if we accept the contradiction and change

26、 the way we look at it? ” （如果我们在家工作,我们怎么能关 机呢？两种截然不同的观点可能会给人带来压力，但如果我们接受这种矛盾并改变我们看待它的方式 呢？）可知，为说明我们在工作上两种截然不同的观点可能会给人带来压力。结合选项C项“This is what some experts call the paradox mindsefv（这就是一些专家所说的“矛盾心态”。）可知，为总结上文内 容，为上文内容的递进。上下文语意连贯。故选C项。【19题详解】上文“A paradox consists of two seemingly impossible realities

27、that exist at the same time.” （悖论由两个看似 不可能同时存在的现实组成。）说明悖论由两个不可能同时存在的现实组成。下文For example, holding on to change may lead to burn-out, while maintaining stability may lead to boredom.”（例如，坚持变化可能会导 致倦怠，而保持稳定可能会导致无聊。）为具体举例介绍对立一方的结果。故可推断空格处内容为选择一 方就会对立另一方。结合选项 G 项 “If you embrace one of those realities and

28、 ignore the other, it can cause problems.（如果你只接受其中一个而忽略另一个，就会产生问题。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯，起 到上下文的承上启下作用。故选G项。20题详解】上文 “So, having a paradox mindset“ and accepting the bigger picture may help you to better understand problems.（所以，拥有一种“矛盾心态”并接受更大的图景可能会帮助你更好地理解问题。）提到接受 矛盾心态的好处。下文 “Asa result, it may lead you to

29、 improving your productivity and creativity.v（因止匕， 它可能会引导你提高你的生产力和创造力。）也是介绍接受矛盾的一个好处。故可推断空格处内容与此相 关。结合选项 D 项 “It could also make you happier knowing that contradictions exist.（知道矛盾的存在也会 让你更快乐。）可知，与上下文内容相关，都是讲的接受矛盾的好处。上下文语意连贯。故选D项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以

30、填入空白处的最佳选项。After twenty-two years raising three children, I was introduced to a concept: the empty nest. Apparently, this was now my time to 2 into new experiences. Why, then was I not excited, but 22?For a job opportunity, my husband and I moved to another state. One day, I discovered a trail only

31、a short23 from our apartment, I was thrilled and began to use it regularly. The trail meandered along a river lined with bushes and towering trees. Ducks 24 on the riverbanks; Canada geese flew overhead; small rabbits bounded across the pathway, 25 into the bushes. These small peaceful scenes provid

32、ed me with a(n)26 , but only slightly lifted me out of my loneliness.Still, I continued to walk the path. I 27 something new: couples, young and old, holding hands, chatting as they walked; a father 28 his daughter to ride her two-wheeler; a woman doing Tai Chi. They all29 the trail. I became fascin

33、ated with the lives of these strangers, yet still wondering if any of them feel 30?One morning, an elderly woman holding the handles of her walker came into view. She sailed by me in the31 direction like a marathon runner. I turned around to catch another glimpse of this one-woman wonder. She was 32

34、 moving forward, not letting anything hold her back. Thats when it 33 me. Nobody was.As I walked toward my car, remembering the elderly womans energy and 34, I made a decision. Iwould fill my empty nest with 35.1 was ready for the bright future that stretched before me.21 A. diveB. lookC. turnD. fal

35、l22. A. calmB. lonelyC. differentD. scared23. A. walkB. runC. driveD. cut24. A. planedB. skippedC. shelteredD. lazed25. A. flashingB. rollingC. wanderingD. stepping26. A. targetB. distractionC. motivationD. option27. A. imaginedB. anticipatedC. spottedD. experienced28. A. askingB. teachingC. permitt

36、ingD. informing29. A. took care ofB. caught sight ofC. spoke highly ofD. took advantage of30. A. satisfiedB. positiveC. emptyD. desperate31. A. rightB. generalC. oppositeD. same32. A. definitely33. A. bothered34. A. ambition35. A. affectionB. blindlyB. hitB. curiosityB. attentionC. uncertainlyC. ups

37、etC. devotionC. abundance【答案】21. A 22. B23. C 24. D25. A 26. B 27. CD. independentlyD. interestedD. enthusiasmD. gratitude28. B 29. D 30. C31.C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C【解析】【导语】本文是篇记叙文。作者在抚养三个子女长大成人后，逐渐变成了空巢老人。文章讲述了她从一开 始的空虚、孤独到决定要改变现状，丰富自己的生活，积极热情地迎接未来的心路变化历程。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:显然，现在是我投入新体验的时候了。A. div

38、e跳水、潜水；dive into投入、 跳入；B. look 看；look into 调查、窥视；C. turn 转动；turn into 变成；D. fall 落下；fall into 落入、陷 入。 根据上句 “After twenty-two years raising three children, I was introduced to a concept: the empty nest.”（在抚养三个孩子22年之后，我被介绍了一个概念：空巢。）可知，作者在孩子们长大成人后，成为了空 巢老人，因此要开始投入新的生活和体验。故选A。22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那么，为什么我不

39、是兴奋，而是孤独呢？ A. calm平静的、镇静的；B. lonely 孤独的；C. different不同的；D. scared害怕的。根据句意及第二段最后一句的“but only slightly lifted me out of my loneliness.（但只是让我稍稍摆脱了孤独。）可知，作者在开始新的体验时感到孤独。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我发现了一条离我们公寓开车很近的小道，我很兴奋，开始经常用 它。A. walk步行；B. run跑步；C. drive开车；D. cut伤口； short cut捷径。根据最后一段第一句中As I walked to

40、ward my carv（当我向我的车走去时），可知，作者是开车去的这条小道。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：鸭子懒洋洋地在河岸上闲逛。A. planed滑翔;B. skipped跳跃；C. sheltered 躲避、庇护；D. lazed 懒散、散逛。根据下文的 uThese small peaceful scenes provided me with a（n） 6 ? but only slightly lifted me out of my loneliness.v中的peacefull scenes v可知，作者看到的是和平、 宁静的景象，小动物们都生活得很悠闲、自在，所

41、以“lazed”符合语境。故选D。25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：小兔子蹦蹦跳跳地穿过小径，闪进灌木丛。A. flashing闪现；B. rolling滚动； C. wander闲逛；D. stepping迈步。由句意及常识可知，小兔子一般都是蹦蹦跳跳，行动迅速，所以“闪 进”灌木林符合语境。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些宁静的小场景让我可以分散一下注意力，但只是稍微让我摆脱了孤独。A. target目标、靶子；B. distraction分心、使人分心的事；C. motivation动机；D. option选择。由句意及常 识可知，作者当时正处于孤独的情感中，这些宁静

42、的场景能够使她稍稍摆脱孤独，是因为这些场景可以让 她分散一下注意力，不再深陷孤独之中。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看现了一些新的景象：一对对男女，有老有少，手牵着手，边走边聊；教女 儿骑两轮车的父亲；打太极的女人。A. imagined想象；B. anticipated预料;C. spotted看见、发现；D. experienced体验、经历。根据上一句uStill, I continued to walk the path.可知,作者继续沿着小道行走， 因此看到了一些新的景象。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看现了一些新的景象：一对对男女，有老有少，手牵

43、着手，边走边聊；教女 儿骑她的两轮车的父亲；打太极的女人。A. asking问、要求；B. teaching教、教授；C. permitting允许； D. informing通知。根据his daughter to ride her two-wheelerv可知，作者看到的父亲在教自己的女儿学习 骑自行车。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们都利用了这条小道。A. took care of照顾;B. caught sight of看见；C. spoke highly of 赞扬；D. took advantage of 利用。根据上句 “ I spotted something

44、 new: couples, young and old, holding hands, chatting as they walked; a father teaching his daughter to ride her two-wheeler; a woman doing Tai Chi.可知，人们都在小道上做着各自的事情，都充分利用了这条小道。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始对这些陌生人的生活着迷，但仍然想知道他们中是否有人感到空虚。 A. satisfied满意的；B. positive积极的、肯定的；C. empty空的、空虚的；D. desperate绝望的

45、、孤注一 掷的。 根据第段 “After twenty-two years raising three children, I was introduced to a concept: the empty nest.”和u Why, then was I not excited, but lonely? v可知，作者刚刚步入空巢时期，还没有适应这种状态， 所以感到很空虚和孤独；因此当她看到小道上人们的生活状态时，她被深深吸引的同时，也想知道有没有 人和她一样感到空虚、孤独。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她像马拉松运动员一样从我身边朝相反的方向走去。A. right右边的、正确

46、 的;B. general 一般的、常规的;C. opposite相反的;D. same相同的。根据下一句I turned around tocatch another glimpse of this one-woman wonder.（我转过身，想再看一眼这位独行女子的奇迹。）可知，作者需要转过身看这位女士，说明她应该是从作者对面走过，与作者是相反方向的。故选C。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她在坚定地前进，不让任何事情阻碍她。A. definitely必定地、肯定地；B. blindly 盲目地；C. uncertainly 不确定地；D. independently 独立地。由句

47、中 unot letting anything hold her back.”可知，这位年长的女士不受任何事情的阻碍地向前行走，因此前进的目标是非常坚定的。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我突然意识到了。A. bothered打扰；B. hit击中；C.upset使心 烦、打乱；D. interested 使感兴趣。根据前文的 “One morning, an elderly woman holding the handles of her walker came into view.（一天早晨，一位老妇人握着助步车把手走进了视野。）和“She was definite

48、ly moving forward, not letting anything hold her back. v并结合本句句意可知，这位年长的、行走不便的女士坚 定不移地、不受干扰向前行走的场景触动了作者，那个时刻她突然意识没人感到孤单。it hit sb that某人突 然意识到。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走向我的车时，想起那位老妇人的精力和热情，我做了一个决定。A. amtition 雄心、抱负；B. curiosity 好奇心；C. devotion 奉献；D. enthusiasm 热情。根据上文的 “One morning, an elderly woman holding the handles of her walker came into view.” 和 She was definitely moving forward, not lettin