2023年考研外语冲刺密卷13.docx

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1、考研外语冲刺密卷13一、Use of English1 Some time between digesting Christmas dinner and putting your head back down to work, spare a thought or two for the cranberry. It is, of course, a (1) of Christmas: merry bright red, bitter-sweetly delicious with turkey and the very devil to get out of the tablecloth (2)

2、 spilled. But the cranberry is also a symbol of the modern food industry-and in the tale of its (3) from colonial curiosity to business-school case study (4)a deeper understanding of the opportunities and (5) of modern eating.The fastest growing part of todays cranberry market is for cranberries tha

3、t do not taste like cranberries. Ocean Sprays flavoured fruit pieces” (FFPS, to the trade) taste like orange, cherry, raspberry or any (6)of other fruits. They are in fact cranberries. Why make a cranberry taste like an orange? Mostly because it is a (7) little fruit: FFPS have a shelf-life of two y

4、ears. Better (8), they keep a chewy texture (9) baked, unlike the fruits whose flavours they mimic, which turn to (10)C.A new packageD.A British innovation2、According to the text, the shift in the method of holiday booking in UK is associated with.A.the popularity of electronicsB.the costly licences

5、C. car rental firmsD. the traditional ideologyAccording to the text, which of the following is true?A. To put together a trip using a traditional travel agent is not hard at present.B. To sound the death knell for tour operator is unacceptable and inhumane.C. Some high-street travel agents defy the

6、model of surviving with the internet.D. Traditional tour firms grapple with the internet.The word hustle in the topic sentence of the fourth paragraph most probably denotes.A.demandB. hostilityC. saleD.prejudiceAccording to the first and last paragraphs, which of the following is still in suspense?A

7、.A legal definition,B. A congestion charge.C. Financial guarantee.D. An adventure trip.6、They may not be the richest, but Africans remain the world，s staunchest optimists. An annual survey by Gallup International, a research outfit, shows that, when asked whether this year will be better than last,

8、Africa once again comes out on top. Out of 52, 000 people interviewed all over the world, under half believe that things are looking up. But in Africa the proportion is close to 60% almost twice as much as in Europe.Africans have some reasons to be cheerful. The continent，s economy has been doing fa

9、irly well with South Africa, the economic powerhouse, growing steadily over the past few years. Some of Africas long-running conflicts, such as the war between the north and south in Sudan and the civil war in Congo,have ended. Africa even has its first elected female head of state, in Liberia.Yet t

10、here is no shortage of downers too. Most of Africa remains dirt poor. Crises in places like Cote d，Ivoire, Sierra Leone and Zimbabwe are far from solved. And the democratic credentials of Ethiopia and Uganda, once the darlings of western donors, have taken a bad knock. AIDS killed over gm Africans i

11、n 2022, and will kill more this year.So is it all just a case of irrational exuberance? Meril James of Gallup argues that there is, in fact, usually very little relation between the survey，s optimism rankings and reality. Africans, this year led by Nigerians, are consistently the most upbeat, whethe

12、r their lot gets better or not. On the other hand, Greece-hardly the worst place on earth-tops the gloom and doom chart, followed closely by Portugal and France.Ms James speculates that religion may have a lot to do with it. Nine out of ten Africans are religious, the highest proportion in the world

13、. But cynics argue that most Africans believe that 2022 will be golden because things have been so bad that it is hard to imagine how they could possibly get worse. This may help explain why places that have suffered recent misfortunes, such as Kosovo and Afghanistan, rank among the top five optimis

14、ts.Moussaka for thought for those depressed Greeks.The statistics are employed in the first paragraph so as to indicate sort of .A. disparityB. numbnessC. conformityD. stagnationIt can be inferred from the four paragraph of the text that African optimism is .A. detrimentalB. fragileC. transientD. co

15、nstantThe conclusion made by Ms James, according to the text, isA.tentativeB. immutableC. impeccableD.moderateThe tone of the author in discussing African status can be defined as beingA.radicalB. impartialC.hesitantD.self-centered10、France is mentioned in the text with the aim to A. contrast Nigeri

16、ans and FrenchB. defend Meril JamesremarksC. attach importance to the gloom-and-doom chartD. refute Ms James concept of religion11 “This is a really exciting time, a new era is starting,，z says Peter Bazalgette, the chief creative officer of Endemol, the television company behind Big Brother and oth

17、er popular shows. He is referring to the upsurge of interest in mobile television, a nascent industry at the intersection of telecoms and media which offers new opportunities to device makers, content producers and mobile-network operators. And he is far from alone in his enthusiasm.Already, many mo

18、bile operators offer a selection of television channels or individual shows, which are streamed across their third-generation (3G) networks. In South Korea, television is also sent to mobile phones via satellite and terrestrial broadcast networks, which is far more efficient than sending video acros

19、s mobile networks; similar broadcasts will begin in Japan in April. In Europe, the Italian arm of 3, a mobile operator, recently acquired Canale 7, a television channel, with a view to launching mobile-TV broadcasts in Italy in the second half of 2022. Similar mobile-TV networks will also be built i

20、n Finland and America, and are being tested in many other countries.Meanwhile, Apple Computer, which launched a video-capable version of its iPod portable music-player in October, is striking deals with television networks to expand the range of shows that can be purchased for viewing on the device,

21、 including Lost，“Desperate Housewives and Law & Order”. TiVo, maker of the pioneering personal video recorder (PVR), says it plans to enable subscribers to download recorded shows on to iPods and other portable devices for viewing on the move. And mobile TV was one of the big trends at the world，s l

22、argest technology fair, the Consumer Electronics Show, which took place in Las Vegas this week.Despite all this activity, however, the prospects for mobileTV are unclear. For a start, nobody really knows if consumers will pay for it, though surveys suggest they like the idea. Informa, a consultancy,

23、 says there wil 1 be 125m mobile-TV users by 2022. But many other mobile technologies inspired high hopes and then failed to live up to expectations. And even if people do want TV on the move, there is further uncertainty in three areas: technology, business models and the content itself.The word na

24、scent in the first paragraph of the text most probably means .A.distinctiveB.statutoryC. naiveD.emergingParagraph 2 is written to .A. indicate the test of mobile-TV networksB. illustrate the widespread interests in mobile TVC. stress the selection otelevision channelsD. assess the third-generation(3

25、G) networksAccording to the text, substantial work in mobile-TV networks has been conducted in.0上16A.an oriental nationB. USAC. an European nationD. Japan14、The word device in the first sentence of the third paragraph denotes.A. a satellite and terrestrial broadcastB. a video-capable version of Appl

26、e iPod portable music-playerC. an individual show which is streamed across a 3G networkD. a pioneer personal video recorderIt can be inferred from the last paragraph of the text thatA. mobile TV is coming一but how the market will develop is still unclearB.consumers favor mobile TV if they need not pa

27、y for itC. few mobile technologies failed to live up to expectationsD. the three uncertainties re erred to at the end of the text are hopefully overcome in no time16 The last-minute victory of the Texas Longhorns in thisyears RoseBowl-Americascollege footballchampionship一was the kind of thing that s

28、tays with fans forever. Just as well, because many had paid vast sums to see the game. Rose Bowl tickets officially sold for $175 each. On the internet, resellers were hawking them for as much as $3, 000 a pop. Nobody knows how to control this,，/ observed Mitch Dorger, the tournaments chief executiv

29、e.Re-selling tickets for a profit, known less politely as scalping in America or touting in Britain, is booming. In America alone, the /secondary market for tickets to sought-after events is worth over $10 billion, reckons Jeffrey Fluhr, the boss of Stubllub, an online ticket market. Scalping used t

30、o be about burly men lurking outside stadiums with fistfuls of tickets. Cries of Tickets here, tickets here” still ring out before kick off. But the internet has created a larger and more efficient market. Some internet-based ticket agencies, such as tickco, com and dynamiteticketz, com act as tradi

31、tional scalpers, buying up tickets and selling them on for a substantial mark-up. But others like Stubllub have a new business mode-bring together buyers and sellers, and then take a cut. For each transaction, StubHub takes a juicy 25%.Despite its substantial commission-far higher than thosecharged

32、by other online intermediaries including eBay orCraigslist一StubHub is flourishing. The firm was set up in 2000 and this year，s Rose Bowl was its biggest event ever. The Super Bowl in early February will bring another nice haul, as have U2 and Rolling Stones concerts. Unlike eBay, which is the larges

33、t online trader in tickets, StubHub guarantees each transaction, so buyers need not worry about fraud. The company，s revenues, now around $200m, are tripling annually (despite its start in the dotcom bust). And there is plenty more room to grow. Mr. Fluhr notes that the market remains highly fragmen

34、ted, with tiny operations still flourishing and newspaper classifieds not yet dead.But there are risks. Some events are boosting prices to cut the resale margins; others are using special measures to crack down. This summer, tickets to the soccer World Cup in Germany will include the name and passpo

35、rt number of the original purchaser and embedded chips that match the buyer to the tickets.Then there are legal worries. In America, more than a dozen states have anti-scalping laws of various kinds. New Mexico forbids the reselling of tickets for college games; Mississippi does so for all events on

36、 government-owned property. Such laws are often ignored, but can still bite. In Massachusetts, whereThe dynamic that has brought the cranberry to this point is (11) to the dynamic behind most mass-produced goods. Growing (12)provided the (13)to create cheaper and more reliable supply. Cheaper and mo

37、re reliable supply, (14), created incentives to find new markets, whichincreased demand. Thus was the (15) kept churning.The cranberry is one of only three fruits native (16)North America, growing wild from Maine to North Carolina. (The others are the Concord grape and the blueberry). The American I

38、ndians had several names for cranberries, many (17)the words for“bitter or, more (18), “noisy”. They ate the berries mostly (19) pemmican, but also used them for dye and medicine. And they introduced them to the white settlers-at the first Thanksgiving dinner in 1621, it is said. The settlers prompt

39、ly renamed this delicacy the crane berry”, (20)the pointy pink blossoms of the cranberry look a bit like the head of the Sandhill crane.A. signB. trailC. symbol reselling a ticket for more than $2 above face value is unlawful, one fan brought a lawsuit last autumn against 16 companies (including Stu

40、bHub) over his pricey Red Sox tickets.UK is mentioned in the text with the intention to .A. define re-selling tickets for profitsB.stress the prosperity of the industryC.shed light on the booming of scalpingD. cast doubt on the profits of online ticket marketTn both the second and the third paragrap

41、hs, the author employs which of the following writing device?A. Emphasis.B. Contrast.C.Exaggeration.D.Interrogation.The word juicy in the last sentence of the second paragraph most probably denotes .A.succulentB. interestingC. lucrativeD. liquidSevere measures to discourage re-selling tickets for pr

42、ofits are illustrated with .A.U2 concertB.Super Bowl in early FebruaryC.Rolling Stones concertsD.the soccer World Cup in GermanyIt can be inferred from the last paragraph that .A. More than a dozen states in US have anti-scalping laws of various kindsB. There are still legal worries about the Americ

43、an re-selling tickets for a profitC. Most states in US have yet to show positive response in crackdown on ticket toutingD.16 companies were taken to court by one fan for reselling a ticket for more than $ 2 above face value21 Part B (10 points)You are going to read an article which is followed by a

44、list of examples or headings. Choose the most suitable one from the list A-F for each numbered position(41-45). There may be certain extra which you do not need to use. (10 points)You are going to read a list of headings and a text about unknown knowledge on AIDS.A. What route does HIV take after it

45、 enters the body to destroy the immune system?B. How and when did the long-standing belief concerning AIDS and HIV crop up?C. What is the most effective anti-HIV therapy?D. How does HIV subvert the immune system?E. In the absence of a vaccine, how can HIV be stopped?F. Why does AIDS predispose infec

46、ted persons to certain types of cancer and infections?In the 20 years since the first cases of AIDS were detected, scientists say they have learned more about this viral disease than any other.Yet Peter Piot, who directs the United Nations AIDS program, and Stefano Vella of Rome, president of the In

47、ternational AIDS Society, and other experts say reviewing unanswered questions could prove useful as a measure of progress for AIDS and other diseases.Among the important broader scientific questions that remain: (41).A long-standing belief is that cancer cells constantly developand are held in chec

48、k by a healthy immune system. But AIDS has challenged that belief. People with ATDS are much more prone to certain cancers like non-Hodgkins 1ymphomas and Kaposis sarcoms, but not to breast, colon and lung, the most common cancers in the United States. This patternsuggests that an impaired immune system, at least the type that occurs in AIDS, does not allow common cancers to develop. (42).When HIV is transmitted sexually, the virus must cross a tissue barrier to enter the body. How that happens is still unclear. The virus might invade directly