新概念英语第二册Lesson+43+Over+the+south+pole（课文、详解、练习）讲义.docx

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1、新概念英语第二册 Lesson 43Over the South Pole 飞越南极In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R.E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time. Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay bel

2、ow, they soon ran into serious trouble. At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash. It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet. Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks. The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 fe

3、et. Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there were no more mountains in sight. The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty.【课文翻译】In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R

4、.E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time.美国探险家R.E.伯德在飞越北极3年之后，于1929年第一次飞越了南极。Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, 虽然开始时伯德和他的助手们拍下了飞机下面连绵群山的大量照片， they soon ran into serious trouble.但他们很快就陷入了困境。At one p

5、oint, it seemed certain that their plane would crash. 在有个地方，飞机似乎肯定要坠毁了。It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet. 只有在飞至10, 000英尺的高度时，它才能飞过这些山头。Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks. 伯德马上命令他的助手们把两个沉重的食物袋扔掉，The plane was then able to rise and it cleared th

6、e mountains by 400 feet. 于是飞机可以上升了，它在离山头400英尺的高度飞越了过去。Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, 伯德这时知道他能够顺利飞抵300英里以外的南极了， for (here were no more mountains in sight. 因为前面再没有山了。The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty. 飞机

7、可以亳无困难地飞过这片茫茫无际的白色原野！7. a这是一个定语从句，需要选出正确的关系代词作主语。c.it和d. which都不合乎语法，都不能作关系代词；b. who是作主语的关系代词，但其先行词必须是人.而本 句的先行词是the Pole.只用a. which最符合语法，它是关系代词，可以作主语指物， 因此选a.8. c只有c.had最符合题目意思a. ran after（追赶），b. followed（跟随），d. ran（跑）这3个 选择都不合乎题目意思，意思不通.9. c只有c. immediately（立亥IJ,马上）同前一一句中的atonce是同义词，所以选c.a. once（-

8、 -次），b. soon（不久）；d. quickly（快速地）这了个选择都与at once的含义不太一样。10. d前一句The plane cleared the mountains中的cleared是飞跃”的意思，需要选出同它 含义相同的词a. covered（覆盖），b. cleaned（弄干净）,c. emptied（倒空）这3个选择都与 cleared的意思不同只有d. flew over（飞过）与cleared意义相同,所以选d.11. a本题目中，b. arrive（到达）是不及物动词，后面应该带介词at才对。c. reach at, d. reach in都不对，因为reac

9、h当“到达”讲的时候是及物动词，后面不应带介词。因此 a. arrive at是正确答案。12. C.前一句的 There were no more mountains in sight.（看不见高山）中的 in sight 是“看得 见”的意思，因为该句是否定句，所以是“不被看见”的意思，只有c. couldn* be seen（不 能被看见）同前一句意思相符合。a. were blind是盲人b. couldntsee不能看见d. were sightless没视力的这3个选择都与前一句意思不符合。New Word and expressions 生词和短语pole c.(地球的)极 fl

10、ight 飞行 explorer n.探险家 lie v.处于 serious adj.严重的 point .地点 seem k似乎 crash，坠毁 sack n.袋子 clear v.越过 aircraft。.飞机 endless adj.无尽的 plain n.平原详解语法 Grammar in use1 .In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R. E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the fi

11、rst time.美国探险家 RE伯德在飞越北极3年之后，于1929年第1次飞越了南极。(1)这句话包含两个同位语。three years after为1929的同位语，作插入性 的补充说明；R . E . Byrd作the American explorer的同位语。(2) for the first time表示“第一次“，time在这里表示“次”、“回”，还可以说this time, last time, next time, another time, each time, for the last time 等:I remind you for the last time that

12、if you dont hurry, youll miss the train.我最后一次提醒你，如果不快点，你会误了火车的。Give him these photos next time you see him.下次你见到他时把这些相片给他。2 .Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble.虽然开始时伯德 和他的助手们拍下了飞机下面连绵群山的大量照

13、片，但他们很快就陷入了困境。(1)连词though引导的是让步状语从句，其含义为“虽然尽管 这个从句中的时间状语at first被单独用逗号隔开了，它如果按正常的词序应放在从 句的末尾，但有可能会引起误解。(2)at first与主句中的soon形成时间上的照应，表示先后次序。(3) take a photograph of 表示“拍的照片”：He took a photograph of his house before he left home.他离家前给他家的房子拍了一张照片。(4) that lay below为the mountains的定语从句，that为从句的主语。(5) run

14、 into trouble的含义与get into trouble相似,表示“陷入困境”:Each time he ran into trouble, he asked his parents for help.每当他陷入困境时，他都向他父母求助。3 . At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash.在有个地方，飞 机似乎肯定要坠毁了。(1) at one point在此处可以解群为“在有个地方”，但它通常的含义为“在某一时 刻”，point指时间上的某一点：At one point, he made up his m

15、ind to become a painter.他曾一度下决心要当个画家。(2) it为“先行主语”，真正的主语为that引导的从句。it作先行主语时经常与 seem, appear, look 等连用:Il now looks certain (hat the meeting is going to be put off.现在似乎可以肯定会议将被推迟。4 . rise to,飞机”上升至5 .it cleared the mountains by 400 feet它在离山头400英尺的高度飞越了过去。cleai在这里表示“(不接触地)越过”：He cleared 2. 10 metres.他

16、跳过了 2.10米。by表示“以之差”：I missed the train by ten minutes.我晚了 10分钟，没赶上火车。He is younger than me by two years.他比我小两岁。6 . .for there were no more mountains in sight因为前面再没有山了。for表示“因为。in sight表示“在看得见的范围内”、“在可看见之处”：No man was in sight.一个人也看不见。7 . white plains,白色原野。因为南极到处覆盖着雪，因此是白色的。can 9could 与 be able to在第1

17、9课的语法中，我们学习了情态助动词can / could用于表示请求别人允许 或答复时的情况：Can / Could I borrow your unbrella (please)?（请问）我可以借用一下你的雨伞吗？ （could比can更客气、委婉）can有时可以用于表示可能性：在表示天生的或学到的能力时，can/could可用于现在时和过去时：Billy is only 9 months old and he can already stand up.比利只有 9 个月，而他已 经能站起来了。在现在时和一般过去时中，can / could与be able to通常可以互换，be able

18、to 往往用于表示学到的技能：I tried again and found I could swim / was able to swim.我再次努力,就发现自己 会游泳了。在谈到说话时正在发生的事时，一般不用be able to ：Look! I can stand on my head. 看！我能倒立。在表示成功地完成某一具体动作时，通常不用could,而用be able to ;如果表示 某一动作没有取得成功，则可用couldnt :Its a pity he couldnt visit Mary. 很遗憾他没能去看望玛丽。Oh, didnt you know? He was able

19、 to visit her after all. 噢，你不知道吗？他最终还是能去看她了。在问及过去某一具体活动时可用could,但回答是肯定的时候则不能：Could he borrow a car?他能借到车了吗？Yes, he was able to borrow a car after all. 是的，他最终还是能借到车了。No, he couldnt.不，他没能借到。词汇学习 Word study1 . lie vi.（1）躺，（平）卧：While I sat by the fire, my dog lay beside me.当我坐在火炉旁时，我的狗躺在我旁边。Dont lie on

20、the floor! Its too cold.别躺在地板上！太冷了。（2）位于;The mountains lie below us now.现在群山在我们的下方。Our village lies between a river and a road.我们的村子位于一条河流和一条公路之间。The town lies to the east of London.这镇子位于伦敦东面。2 .含有介词at的词组at与许多词可以构成固定词组，其中表示时间的有：at first （开始时，最初）， at once （马上，立刻），at present （目前，现在），at last （最后，终于），at

21、 times （有时）；表示地点的有：at home （在家），at school （在学校）；表示程度的有： at least （至少），at any rate （不管怎样）。其他词组有at heart （内心里，实际上）， at a loss （困惑不解，不知怎么办）等。Al first they were able to lake photographs.开始时他们还能照相。Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out food sacks.伯德马上命令他的助手们把食物袋扔掉。At last the plane was able to rise. 最

22、后飞机终于可以上升了。At times I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane.有时我觉得这房子将会被一架飞过的飞机撞倒。At any rate. Im determined to stay here at present.不管怎样，目前我决定留在这儿。At least, Im not mad yet.至少我还没疯。If Billy isnt at school, he must be at home.如果比利不在学校，他肯定在家。People have more money now, yet the temptat

23、ion to steal is greater than ever before Why? Im at a loss.人们现在比以前有钱，但偷窃的诱惑力却比以往任何时候都更大。为什么呢？我 感到很困惑。Though he tried to make conversation with the lady, he wasnt interested in her at heart.虽然他试图与那位妇女聊天，他实际上对她并不感兴趣。1. R. E. Byrd was the first mana. to go to the South Poleb. to fly over the South Pole

24、C. to go to the North Poled. to take photographs of the South Pole2. Byrd succeeded in flying over the mountainsa. because his plane rose 400 feetb. by making his plane lighterc. because there were heavy sacks in the planed. because they were under 10.000 feet highStructure 句型3. Did the mountains fa

25、r below?a. lieb. layc. laidd.lain4. Il could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet. This means over the mountains.a. would succeed in gettingb.gotC. was able to getd. had got5. The plane was then able to rise. This means ita. could riseb. might riseC. might succeed in risingd. rose6.

26、 Byrd knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole. Il would bea. impossibleb. necessaryC.abled. possible7. He would be able to reach the Polewas 300 miles away.a. whichb. whoc. itd. which itVocabulary 词汇8. They soon serious trouble.a. ran afterb. followedC. hadd. ran9. Byrd at once ordered th

27、em to do this. He ordered them to do thisa. onceb. soonC. immediatelyd. quickly10. The plane cleared the mountains. Itthem.a. coveredb. cleanedC. emptiedd. flew over11. Byrd now knew he would be able to the South Pole.a.arrive atb. arriveC.reach ald.reach in12. There were no more mountains in sight.

28、 Theya. were blindb. couldnt see,C. couldnt be seend. were sightless习题答案1. b根据课文第 2-3 .行.E. Byrd, successfully flew over to the South Pole for the first time可以判断出只有b. to fly over the South Pole与事实相符，其他3个选择都不是 R.E. Byrd第一个做的事。所以选b.2. b根据课文第 7-8 行 Byrd at once ordered his men to （hrow out two heavy fo

29、od sacks. The plane was then able to rise.可以判断只有 b. by making his plane lighter 与课文的实 际情况相符。其他3个选择都不是他成功的原因，所以应该选b.3. a这是一个一.般过去时疑问几，需要选出正确的谓语动词。a. lie（躺，处于某种状 态，位于）;b. lay（置,放）是lie的过去式；c. laid是lay的过去式和过去分词;d. lain是 lie的过去分词。只有a.最符合题目意思和语法。因为在疑问句中已经有助动词Did, 因此不能用过去式或过去分词，只能用动词原形。b.虽然也是动词原形，但不合乎 题目意思

30、，所以只能选a.4. a前一句 It could only get over the mountains, if it rose to 10,000 feet（只有在飞至 10, 000英尺的高度时，它才能飞过这些山头）表示对想像的条件所作出的推测，只有 a. would succeed in getting（会成功）与前一句的含义比较吻合;b. got是过去式，表示过去 发生的情况；c. was able to表示过去成功地完成；d. had got表示过去早已经完成的动 作。这3个选择都与前一句含义不符，因此应该选a.5. d前一句中的was able to rise （得以上升）表示过去

31、成功完成的事情。a. could rise , b. might rise, c. might succeed in rising都表示对没发生的事情的推测，与前一句含义不 符。只有d. rose表示过去发生的事情，与前一一句时态相符。所以选d.6. d前一句中的be able to表示“能够”，需要选出与它含义相同的词。a. impossible（不 可能的）和b. necessary（必要的）都与be able to意思不同；c. able（有能力的）不能单独作 表语，要用be able to.由于这个句子的主语是it,代表前一句中that引导的整个从句， 因此不适合于这个句子。只有d. possible（可能的，能办到的）与able 2的含义相同， 所以选d.