第10讲+助动词和情态动词+学案 高考英语语法30讲.docx

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1、高中语法讲义助动词和情态动词年 月 日31. Its hard to say what kind of person he is. Sometimes he is very friendly； at other times he be very cold.32. There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party. You(come),but why didnt you?33. 一the bike be repaired by him?一No, Id rather he(have) it repaired.34. English is a language t

2、hat many young people around the world not speak perfectlybut at least understand.35. I want to go to the dentists,but you(not go) with me.36. Dont you want to go to a karaoke bar with us?一I wish I，but I have an appointment.37. Its important for you to be there on time. You be there before 8:00.38.

3、Their basketball team has lots of excellent players, so if there is no unexpected thing to happen, their team win the championship.39. It be difficult to discover the truth about Iraq War if people refused to consideranything hat might be true.40. 一Where will you start your work after graduation?一Mm

4、m, its not been decided yet. I continue my study for a higher degree.41. When winter comes,spring be far behind?42. you make so much noise?一Sorry. Til take care not to.43. The importance of saving gas(not) be stressed too much. Automobiles use up some 70 billion gallons of gas a year.44. Why didnt y

5、ou come to Simons party last night?一I wanted to, but my mom simply(not) let me out so late at night.45. Even if you are an experienced teacher, you sometimes make some mistakes.46. Since you have made such good preparations, there(not) be any problem about passing the coming exam.47. No student go o

6、ut of school after eleven oclock at night without permission.48. Whats that terrible smell?一Oh, I forgot about the chicken! Go and look, it(burn)!49. 一I didnt go to work today.You(not); it is Sunday.50. Im afraid Ill be too busy to go with you.一Well, Til keep a seat for you in case you change your m

7、ind.51. 一I have taken someone elses T-shirt by mistake. Is it Janes?一It(not) be hers. She seldom wears red.52. 一What do you think of store shopping in the future?Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but(never replace).53. 一The research on the new bird flu virus vaccine is chall

8、enging and demanding. Who do you think can do the job?-my students have a try?54. Bus No. 66 comes every ten minutes, there(be) one coming.55. All visitors are waiting outside,Doctor White.they come in together or separately?56. Our holidays were ruined by the weather; we just as well have stayed at

9、 home!57. The careless man received a ticket for speeding. He(not drive) so fast.58. 一Will you read me a story, Mummy?一OK. You have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.59. Janes pale face suggested that she(be) ill, and her parents suggested that she(have) a medical examination.60. In such dry

10、weather the flowers will have to be watered if they(survive).61. If you require any further information, please do not hesitate to contact us.62. No one be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.63. If you go, at least wait until the storm is over.64. 一How did you do in the test?Not so well. I

11、(do) much better but I misread the directions for writing.65. I dont think you should use your dictionary all the time while reading.No, I(not), but I cant do without it.66. 一Can I borrow your car?一Well, if you.67. 一Make sure that the windows are shut before you leave.OK, I.68. Although he was badly

12、 hurt, he explain what had happened.69. he have been chosen as captain of the football team?一Yes, he.70. the present unemployment continue, the society would face a more troublesome situation.71. 一Jim! Did you have a good time at the party?一Yes, but I really(not) have, because I had lots of work to

13、do.72. 一John looks sad. Did you tell him about his grandpas passing away?一Yes, but I(not tell) him just before the College Entrance Examinations.73. Moms gift? She not have chosen a better one for me.一She be very happy to know it.74. We(not) have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us fo

14、r dinner.75. you interrupt now? Cant you see Im on the phone?一Sorry Sir, but its urgent.76. One of our rules is that every student wear school uniform while at school.77. I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said Ni Hao“ just as Idoin China.78. I not thank you too much for all you

15、r help to my son while we were away fromhome.79. Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I find the money80. Its quite warm here, we(not) turn the heating on yet.练习答案1. would2.could have killed3. shouldn,t/needn,t 4. should5. must6. would7. may8. must have spent9. couldnl10. shall11. (s

16、hould) not 12. shall13. might14. was able to/could15. should16. should have done 17. would 18. would have19. should20. shall21. must22. should have had23. should 24. must have mourned25. could have left 26. should27. finding; be banned 28. can29. should30. should have come31. can32. ought to have co

17、me33. Shall, had34. may; can 35. need not go36. could37. shouldfd better38. should39. would 40. might41. can42. Must43. cant44. wouldnt 45. can/may46. shouldnt47. shall48. must be burning49. didnt need to 50. should51. cant52. will never be replaced53. Shall/Can 54. should be55. Shall56.might57. sho

18、uldnt have driven58. shall59. was; have60. are to survive 61. should 62. can 63. must64. could have done 65. shouldnt 66. must67. will68. was able to69.Can, must have70. Should 71. shouldnt 72. shouldnt have told 73. could;must74. neednt 75. Must 76. shall77. might/would 78. can 79. can 80. neednt语法

19、项目10助动词和情态动词(Aux.V&Mod.V)重点用法助动词的种类和用法用法：1.助动词 be (am, is, are, was, were, been, being)与现在分词连用，构成进行时态；与过去分词连用，构成被动语态。Karl is playing badminton with Linda.卡尔正在和琳达打羽毛球。His mother was killed in the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake.他的妈妈在2008年的汶川地震中丧生了。2 .助动词 have (has, had, having) 与过去分词连用，构成完成时态。Ketty has seen

20、 the Backstreets Boys in a concert in Beijing.凯蒂已经在北京的一场音乐会上见到后街男孩了。3 .助动词 shall (should), will (would)与动词连用，构成将来时态。We shall be very happy to see you.我们见到你会很高兴的。I will make Charlie a chocolate cake tomorrow.我明天将为查理制作一块巧克力蛋糕。4 .助动词 do (does, did)与其他动词连用，构成否定句或疑问句。I don,t like having a barbecue in hot

21、 weather.我不喜欢在炎热的天气吃烤肉。Does your uncle keep pets?你叔叔养宠物吗？提示：助动词do也可用在动词原形之前加强语气。Do tell me what happened!一定要告诉我发生了什么事！重点用法情态动词的种类和用法用法：1 .情态动词can/could意为“能够，会”表示能力、许可、请求、客观可能性；表示怀疑、不相信或惊异，主要用于否定句、疑问句 和感叹句。Her mother can speak English. 表能力她妈妈会说英语。-Could I come here again tomorrow?我明天还能来这里吗？could表情求时语

22、气比can委婉，注意回答时用canYes,you can./No,Im afraid not.是的，可以。/不，恐怕不行。Can this be true?这会是真的吗？表怀疑2 .情态动词may/might意为“可以，或许”表示请求、许可，用于疑问句；表示推测或谈论可能性，主要用于陈述句，表示肯定或否定。May/Might I watch TV now?表情求，might的语气比may更委婉我现在可以看电视吗？He may be very busy these days.表可能性这些天他可能很忙。3 .情态动词must意为“必须，一定”表示有做某一动作的必要和义务；表示有把握的判断或推测。W

23、e must obey all the rules. 表义务我们应该遵守所有的规则。If you dont hurry,you must miss the train.表有把握的判断如果你不快点，你必然会误火车的。4 .情态动词will/would意思为“愿意，会”表示请求、建议，常用于Will you?或Would you.?的句型中。Will you please go with me?请和我一起去好吗？Would you like a cup of coffee?喝杯咖啡好吗？5 .情态动词shalVshould意为“应该”shall表示征询对方意见、请求或命令等；should表示劝告、

24、建议等。What shall we do now?表征询意见我们现在应该做什么？You should do as your father says. 表命令 你要照你父亲说的去做。We should learn how to use computers. 表建议我们应该学会使用电脑。6 .情态动词had better意为“最好”表示意见、命令等。Youd better stay at hospital for another few days.你最好在医院再住几天。7 .情态动词need意为“需要”表示需要、必要，只能用于否定句和疑问句中。You needn9t call him.你不必给他打

25、电话。8 .情态动词dare意为“敢于”主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。Dare you go home alone at 11 in the evening?你敢晚上11点独自回家吗？9 .情态动词ought to意为“应该，应当”表示义务、责任等。You ought to take care of yourself.你应该照顾自己。10 .情态动词have/has to意为“必须，不得不”表示客观必要性。You dont have to do anything except to be with them and be yourself.你只需要和他们在一起，行为自然即可。提示：n

26、eed作情态动词时，还可表示“本不该做而实际上做了；作行为动词时，可用于各 种句型，但后面必须带to。You needn9t have waited for me.你本不必等我的。You need to do it carefully.你必须很认真地做这件事情。注意：dare作行为动词时，可用于各种句型，后面可带也可不带to；但dare是动词ing形 式时，后面的to必须带上。She didnt dare (to) go out at night.她晚上不敢夕卜出。The boy was frightened without daring to speak.那个男生吓得不敢说话。重点用法常见情

27、态动词的比较用法：Lneed和dare：都既可作情态动词又可作行为动词。作行为动词时，均随主语的人称 和数的变化而变化。You need not/doiTt need to worry about me.你没有必要担心我。I daren,t go home alone at night.我不敢晚上一个人回家。2 .can和be able to： can只用于现在式和过去式；be able to则可用于各种时态。I can/am able to play the piano.我会弹钢琴。She will be able to finish it tomorrow.她明天会完成它的。3 .must

28、和have to： must侧重个人意志和主观上的必要，只有现在式；have to侧重客观要 求，用于各种时态。You must pay your taxes.你必须缴税。She had a fever,so she had to rest.她发烧了 ,所以必须休息。4 .should和ought to：都可表劝告、建议，但ought to的语气更强些。He should eat less.他应该少吃点。You oughtnH to tell her the bad news.你不应该告诉她这个坏消息。提示：should和ought to都可表示“本该做而实际上未做”，结构为“should/o

29、ughtto+have+ 过去分词”表示本该做某事，实际没有做。You should/ought to have been here five minutes ago.你本该 5 分钟前到这儿的。重点用法情态动词表示推测用法：1 .must, might, could表示推测时，程度由强到弱。2 .对现在情况的推测肯定：must/may/might+be/be doing.否定：can/could+not+be/be doing.疑问：Can/Could.+be/be doing.?He must be at home.他一定在家。He can,t be at home.他一定不在家。Can

30、he be at home?他会在家吗？3 .对过去情况的推测肯定：must/may/might+have been/done.否定：can/could+not+have been/done.疑问：Can/Could.+have been/done.?It must have rained last night.昨晚一定卜 了 雨。The door was locked.He caiTt/couldiTt have been at home.门是锁着的，他不可能在家。Can he have got the book?他可能得到那本书/吗?【课后作业】用适当的情态动词填空，给出词的题目注意使用括

31、号里所给词的正确形式。1. When we worked in the same office, we often have coffee together.2. I drove my car at a speed of 150 kms an hour this afternoon. It was great fun!一Did you go crazy? You(kill) yourself.3. 一Please carry a cell phone to make it easier for me to get hold of you.一OK, Dad. But I am eighteen.

32、 You(not) worry so much.4. 一These grapes look really beautiful.一They! See the price, $3.99 a pound. Too expensive, arent they?5. You not smoke in the bedroom J Rose said to her husband and pushed him out ofthe room.6. 一When shall we hold the meeting?It be better to put it off until next week.7. If y

33、ou think the price of beef is too high, you as well buy some pork. It depends onyou!8. 一Guess what? I have passed the driving test.Great! You(spend) a lot of time practicing.9. Hows your new babysitter?We ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.10. The regulations state that no one be al

34、lowed to smoke in public places.11. It is required that the students(not) use mobile phones in their school,so seldom will you see them using one.12. Being physically examined for free twice a year is what every clerk be ensured inany company of the state.13. 一Are you coming to the musical of the 42

35、nd Avenue from Broadway(百老汇)?一Im not sure. I go to see a movie instead.14. I lived with my brother this winter and didnt have to pay rent. So I save most of mysalary.15. Is there anything else I can get for you except the scarf?一No. That be it. Thanks a lot.16. 一What are you doing, dear?一Im watching

36、 the football game.一What? You(do) your homework first.17. 一Jackie says he cant help because hes got a lot of work on.一Well, he say that-he always uses that excuse.18. 一Why didnt you buy the gold ring?一I, but I didnt have the money.19. I have been writing a book on UFOs. It be ready early next month.

37、20. 一Can I pay the bill by check?Sorry, sir. But it is the management rule of our hotel that payment be made in cash.21. I can hear the water running in the bathroom.Yes, Bira be taking another shower.22. 一I hear your journey was not very pleasant.一But for the sudden rain we(have) a wonderful time.2

38、3. You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman be so rude to a lady.24. I believe Shackleton(mourn) this unexpected end to his expedition, but he did not waste time on regrets.25. 一Have you found your book yet?一No, I am not sure where I(leave) it.26. Anne, if your leg become more painful, do not

39、hesitate to call me.27. The leader,(find) the rule unfair for women, suggested it(ban).28. The police still havent found the lost child, but theyre doing all they.29. 一When can I come for the computer? I need it next Tuesday.It be repaired by next Monday afternoon.30. They are still discussing whether I(come) to the meeting yesterday, which I think was not necessary at all.