新概念英语第二册Lesson+31（课文、详解、练习及答案）.docx

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1、新概念英语第二册 Lesson 31Success story成功者的故事What was Franks first job?Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man. Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop. It was his job to repair bicycle

2、s and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day. He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own. In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes. At that time he had two helpers. In a few years the small workshop had become a large factory which empl

3、oyed seven hundred and twenty-eight people. Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success. He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. She wanted him to repair their grandsons bicycle!【课文翻译】Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about

4、 his experiences as a young man.昨天下午弗兰克霍金斯向我讲述了他年轻时的经历。Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop.在退休前，弗兰克是一家非常大的商业公司的经理，但他小时候却在一家 小铺里做工。It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day.他

5、那时的工作是修理自行车，并且通常是一天工作14个小时。He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own.他靠多年积蓄，于1958年买下了自己的一个小铺子。In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes.20多岁的时候，弗兰克曾生产飞机零配件。At that time he had two helpers.那时他有两个帮手。In a few years the small workshop had become a lar

6、ge factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people.ll.a.只有a. They worked for him （他们为他干事）才与前一句He employed over seven hundred people（他雇用了 七百多人）的含义相符。b.He worked for them （他为他们工作），c.They employed him（他们雇用 了 他），d. They were in charge（他们负责）这3个选择都不对。12. ca. went in （进去）方向不对，应该是 came in（进来）;b

7、. entered in 和 entered into都不符合语法;只有c. entered（进入）最符合题目意思和语法。几年之后，小铺子已经发展成了一个雇有728人的大工厂。Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success.弗兰克回想着他早年的艰难经历和走过的漫长的成功之路，微笑了。He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.他正笑着的时候门开了，他的妻子走了进来。She wanted him to

8、 repair their grandsons bicycle!她叫他去修理孙子的自行车。New Word and expressions 生词 和 短语retire v.退休company n.公司bicycle n.自行车save v.积蓄workshop n.车间helper n.帮手，助手employ v.雇佣grandson n.孙子详解语法 Grammar in use1. Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a

9、 small shop.在退休前，弗兰克是一家非常大的 商业公司的经理，但他小时侯却在一家小铺里做工。(1) head在此处的意思不是人或动物的“头部”，而是“首领”、“头目”, 一般出现在the head of +名词”结构中：John is the head of the family.约翰是一家之主。Frank is the head of that firm.弗兰克是那家公司的总裁。(2) as在这里为介词，表不“当时，as a boy相当于as he was aboyo2. Tt was his job to repair bicycles他那时的工作是修理自行车it为先行主语”，句

10、子的真正主语为to repair bicycles o3. He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own.他靠多年积蓄，于1958年买下了自己的一个小铺子。(1) for years表示“许多年”。(2) of ones own为固定短语，表示“自己的、属于自己的“，own为 代词：He wanted a room of his own.他想要一个自己的房间。Do you have a house of your own?你有自己的房子吗？4. in onefs twenties,(在某人)

11、二十多岁的时候。onefs twenties/thirties/forties.,二十多岁 / 三十多岁 / 四十多岁10的倍数的复数形式可用于表达近似的、非确定的数量，与所有格形容词(my 等)连用时表示大约的年龄：My aunt Jennifer is in her late thirties/early forties, but she often appears on the stage as a young girl.我的姑妈詹妮弗已接近四十岁/四十出头，但她却常在舞台上扮演小姑 娘。5. Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early

12、years and the long road to success.弗兰克回想着他早年的艰难经历和走过的漫长的成功之路，微笑 了。(1) hard意思很多，在这里指“艰难的”、“困苦的”：She lived a hard life in those years.那些年她的生活很艰难。(2) ones early years指某人的早年(生活)，意义相近的表达方式为 early in ones lifeo(3) the long road to success是一种比喻的说法，因为success是抽象 名词。to在这里表示方向、目的地，意义为“朝”、“往”、“向”等，这个短语 的字面意义为“通

13、向成功的漫漫长路1 .过去进行时与一般过去时过去进行时，它主要表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作，和 一般过去时经常在一个句子里使用。与一般过去时相比，它更强调动作的 持续性，一般过去时则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。在叙述故事时，过去 进行时往往用来表示背景：Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man.昨天下午弗兰克霍金斯向我讲述了他年轻时的经历。He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came

14、 in.他正笑着的时候门开了，他的妻子走了进来。Last Sunday, I went and sat on the river bank as usual.Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river.上星期天，我和往常一样，又去河边坐着。河岸上有些孩子正在玩耍， 河面上有些人正在划船。（过去进行时描述背景）2 . used to do我们用used to do表示过去有过但现在已不存在的习惯，以便将过去与 现在形成对照。它后面经常用由but now.,

15、butnot.any more/any longer等构成的、用了一般现在时的句子以强调过去 和现在的不同之处。I used to smoke, but I dont any more/any longer.我过去常吸烟,但现在已 不吸了。He used to be a lazy boy, but now he is very hard-working.他过去是个懒 孩子，但现在他很勤奋。used to仅用于一般过去时。它的疑问句和否定句形式可以不用助动词 do而用used本身。词汇学习 Word study1. experience(1) n.经历(可数)：I had an amusing

16、experience last year.去年我有过一次有趣的经历。He told me about his experiences as a young man.他向我讲述了他年轻时的经历。(2) n.经验，体验(不可数)：They want someone with a lot of experience for this job.他们想要一位有丰富经验的人来承担这项工作。Does she have any experience in teaching?她有教学经验吗？(3) vt.经验，体验：Have you ever experienced anything like this?你经历

17、过像这样的事情吗？The village has experienced great changes since 1980.自1980年以来这个村子经历了极大的变化。experience的过去分词常作形容词用，表示“有经验的”、“经验丰富的”:John is an experienced driver.约翰是个经验丰富的司机。2. save vt. , vi.(1)救助，搭救，拯救：The doctor saved the childs life.那位医生救了这孩子一命。They saved the child from the fire.他们从大火中救出了这孩子。(2)储蓄，积攒：He sa

18、ved (money) for years to buy a car.为了买一辆车，他积攒了多年。He used to save letters.他过去常积攒信件。3. work 与 job作为名词，这两个单词都可以翻译为“工作”，但它们在用法上并不一样。 job为可数名词，一般与“职业”、“职位”有关，或表示某人的“份内事”；work 作“工作”讲时是不可数名词，常指具体的“劳动”、“作业”或“(待做的)工 作或事务等，也可能表示“上班：It was his job to repair bicycles.他的工作是修理自行车。John is looking for a new job. 约翰

19、正在找一份新工作。Im looking for work as a driver. 我在找一份开车的活。Pve a lot of work to do on Sunday. 星期天我有许多事要做。习题1 When he was a young man, Franka. owned a small shopb. made spare parts for aeroplanesC. made spare parts for bicycles d. worked hard and saved his money2 Frank has been very successfula. and he stil

20、l repairs bicycles for a livingb. but he might occasionally repair a bicycleC. and he would never repair a bicycle now d. and he is only interested in aeroplanesStructure 句型3 Frank used to work in a small shop. Hea. doesn*t anymore .still doesC. is nowd. has never done anything else4 He used to work

21、 fourteen hours a day. He did this day.a. oneb. someC. eachd. a5He had a shop of his own.It was shop.a. his ownb. his*sC. his* ownd. his,6 In his twenties, 728 people in the shop.a. were employedb. employedC. are employedd. employ7 this bicycle? Their grandsons.a. Whos isb. WhosesC. Whofsd. Whose is

22、Vocabulary 词汇8 Frank is the of a business company.a. directorb. headmasterC. superiord. leader9 He saved money, so he had toa. spare itb. economiseC. keep itd. rescue it10 Spare parts for aeroplanes are made in Franksa. industryb. fabricC. factoryd. workhouse11 He employed over seven hundred people.

23、a. They worked for himb. He worked for themC. They employed himd. They were in charge12 He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife a. went inb. entered inC. enteredd. entered into习题答案1. d根据课文第 4-5 行.he used to work fourteen hours a day. He savedmoney for years.可以看出，只有 d. worked hard and

24、saved his money 能概括 他年轻时的所做为，其他3个选择都不够完整。2. b根据课文最后 两.when the door opened and his wife came in. She wanted him to repair their grandsons bicycle!只有 b. but he mightoccasionally repairabicycle（但是他有时修理自行车）最符合课文的实际情况, 其他3个选择都与事实不符。3. a前-句Frank used to work in a small shop的含义是“佛兰克过去曾在一家 小铺里工作，现在已经不在那儿工作

25、了。”只有a. doesnt any more（不再做了）最合乎题目意思。b. still does（仍然做），c. is now（现在），d. has never done anything else（从 来没有做过别的）这3个选择都不对。4. c只有c. each（每）才与前一句中的a意思相同。而其它3个选择都不合题 目意思。5. a只有选a. hisown最符合语法。其他3个选择都不是正确的表达方式。6. a本句应该用被动语态才合乎题目意思。b.employed和d. employ （雇用） 都是主动语态，故不应该选b.和d.;c.are employed是被动语态，但时态不对， 因为句

26、子中的时间状语是In his twenties（他二十几岁时），所以应该用过去式; 只有a. were employed是被动语态，过去式，最合乎语法，因此只能选a.7. d从回答中可以看出，只有选d. Whoseis最合乎语法。其他3个选择都是 错误的形式。8. aa. director（工厂,公司的主任,指导者）,b.headmaster（校长），c. superior（. 上级，上司），（Header（领导，领袖）。本句中只有选a.词意思最贴切。9. b只有b. economise（节省）同前面的saved money意思一致， 所以应该选 b. a. spare it（节省，爱惜）只能用于否定或疑问句中，故不能选；c. keep it（保 留，保存它）不合题目意思；d. rescue it （解救，救出）也不合乎题目意思。10. c只有c. factory（工厂）最符合题目意思；a. industry（工业）词意思不对;b. fabric（织品，织物，布，结构，建筑物，构造）;也不合乎题目意思。d.workhouse（贫民院;济贫院）