人教版新目标初中英语复习全部时态中学教育高考英语_中学教育-中学课件.pdf

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1、学习必备 欢迎下载 初中英语全部时态 一 般 现 在 时 A:一般现在时通常表示目前阶段经常发生的动作或存在的状态。结构:1）be 动词的第一人称单数为，第三人称单数为，其他人称为。有一顺口溜体现了它的用法：我用 am，你用 are，is 用于他，她，它,单数is，复数 are.肯定式:主语+am/is/are+其他 否定式:主语+am/is/are+not+其他 疑问式:Am/Is/Are+主语+其他?简略回答:(肯)Yes,主语+am/is/are(否)No,主语+am/is/are not 缩写形式:Im=I am Thats=That is Were=We are Whats=What

2、 is Youre=You are Whos=Who is Theyre=They are Wheres=Where is Hes=He is Shes=She is Its=It is isnt=is not arent=are not 2）行为动词（实义动词）除主语是第三人称单数外，都用动词原形，主语是第三人称单数时，在动词 词尾加-s或-es。“动词第三人称单数”的加法 即“如何从动词原形变为第三人称单数”1、一般情况加 s.2、以 o,s,x,ch,sh 结尾加 es.3、以“辅音字母+y”结尾 改 y 为 i +es 写出下列动词的第三人称单数：study play go come

3、help teach lie listen begin open sit throw wash guess cut run relax beat eat 肯定式:主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数 否定式:主语+助动词 dont/doesnt+动词原形+其他 疑问式:Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答:(肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式:dont=do not doesnt=does not 注意：have 的第三人称单数为 has 用法：1.表示事实,现状,性质或经常的,习惯的动作,常与often,usually,always,

4、sometimes,学习必备 欢迎下载 today,every day,once a week,every five minutes,on Sundays等时间状语连用,eg.He has a brother.2.表示普遍真理.eg.The earth goes round the sun.3.表示在现在时间里所发生的一个动作.eg.Here comes the train.4.在时间和条件状语从句中代表一般将来时.eg.Ill go with you if you are free tomorrow.一般过去时 一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，一般过去时通常由动词的过去式表示。结构

5、：1.动词的第一、三有称单数用,其他人称用,其肯定式,否定式,疑问式和简略回答形式与一般现在时相似。2.行为动词的过去式分为规则和不规则两种,规则动词的过去式是在动词后加或,不规则动词参照不规则动词表,需要专门记忆。肯定式:主语+动词的过去式+其他 eg.I got up at six this morning.否定式:主语+did not+动词原形+其他 eg.John didnt live here last year.疑问式:Did+主语+动词原形+其他 eg.Did you see him a moment ago?简略回答.(肯)Yes,主语+did (否)No,主语+didnt.用

6、法：1.主要用于过去某个时间发生的动作或状态.eg.My father was at work yesterday.2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常与 often,always 等表示频度的时间状语连用.eg.He always went to work by bus last summer.3.和 when 等连词引导的状语从句连用.eg.When she reached home,she had a short rest.4.常与表示过去的时间状语,如 ago,yesterday,last week,in the old days,when I was five years old,i

7、n 1995 等连用.eg.They began the work two months ago.Were you born in 1981?Yes,I was.不规则中寻规则 英语中很多动词的过去式是不规则的，有些同学死记硬背，却效果不佳。我们不妨共同寻找一些不规则动词中的“规则”，这样记忆起来就会事半功倍了。I 过去式与动词原形同形。例如：letlet,putput,hithit,readreadred等。II动词原形以 owaw 结尾，过去式常变为 ew。例如：学习必备 欢迎下载 knowknew,grow grew,throw threw,draw drew 等。但是也有一些例外，例如

8、：showshowed。III许多动词只要将动词原形中的元音字母 i 改为 a，就可变为过去式。例如：beginbegan,givegave,singsang,swimswam,sitsat,drinkdrank,ringrang 等 但是 winwon 例外。IV有些动词的过去式以 o(a)ught 结尾。例如：bringbrought,buybought,thinkthought,catchcaught,teachtaught等。注意上述动词过去式究竟是以 ought:t 还是 aught:t 结尾，只要记住“有 a则 a，无 a 则 o”即可。即:原形中有 a 的，过去式变为 aught

9、，否则为 ought。V 以 eep 结尾的动词，常将 eep 改为 ept 构成过去式。例如：keepkept,sleepslept,sweepswept 等。一 般 将 来 时 一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态 结构：助动词 shall/will be(is,am,are)going to+动词原形（当主语第一人称时，一般用 shall，当主语为第三人称时，用 will，但主语为第一人称时，也用will）肯定式:主语+shall/will+动词原形+其他 否定式:主语+shall/will+not+动词原形+其他.疑问式:Shall/Will+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答:(肯)

10、Yes,主语+shall/will.(否)No,主语+shall/will+not 缩写形式:ll=shall/will shant=shall not wont=will not 用法:1.表示将要发生的动 作或情况,常用时间状语有:later(on),soon,in a month,next time,from now on,tomorrow 等.eg.I shall be eighteen years old next year.Maybe Chinas population _(pass)1,300,000,000 by the year 2005.2.表示某种必然的趋势 eg.Fis

11、h will die without water.解析：1.在以第一人称为主语的问句中,常用 shall 表示提议和询问情况,在以第二人称作主语的问句中,用 will 表示请求.eg.Where shall we have the meeting?学习必备 欢迎下载 Will you please lend me your pen?2.当主语是第一人称时,用 will 表示意愿.决心.允诺.命令等.eg.I will give you an English-Chinese dictionary for your birthday.3.在时间或条件状语从句中,一般用一般现在时代替一般将来时.eg

12、.Tom will write to me when he gets there.4.be going to+动词原形也可表示将来时.(1).表示主观意愿.打算等.eg.Hes going to learn English next term.(2).根据已有迹象,可能要发生的情况 eg.Look at the black clouds!-It is going to rain.现 在 进 行 时 现在进行时表示目前或目前阶段正在进行，正在发生的动作的动作。(表示“正在（在）干”)结构：is/am/are+动词的-ing形式(动词的现在分词)用法：1.表示目前发生(进行)的动作(不指状态),常

13、用时间状语有:now,at the moment 等,并常出现在祈使句的句子中,与 look,listen 连用.eg.Are you writing a letter to your father at the moment?Listen!She is singing in the next room.2.表示目前阶段正在进行,而此刻不一定在进行的动作.eg.They are planting trees these days.3.表示按计划或安排即将进行的动作,表示这种动作的动词有:come,go,leave,arrive,start,see 等,并常与表示将来时间的状语连用.eg.The

14、y are leaving for Australia tomorrow afternoon.注意:某些表示感觉或状态的动词,如 love,like,prefer,hate,see,know 等一般不用现在进行时.eg.Lucy prefers art to science.过去进行时：表示过去某一时间正在进行，或发生的某一动作或状态。结构;主语+was/were+v-ing 常与表示过去的某一时间点连用:at that moment,at six last night,等 Eg:he was doing his homework at seven last night.练习题：（选择填空）一

15、.般现在时.学习必备 欢迎下载（）1.My English teacher _ about thirty years old,but he younger than he really is.A.is,look B.is,looks C.am,look（）2.Jim _ very hard,but he _ till a little weak in Chinese.A.studies,is B.study,is C.doesnt study,is（）3.We all know that the sun_ round the earth.A.goes B.dont go C.doesnt go

16、 （）4.There _ twelve months in a year and January first.A.is,comes B.are,come C.are,comes（）5.Who_ the kite best of all,Jim.Lucy or Lily?A.flies B.fly C.are flying（）6._ the Great Wall one of the places of great interests in China?A.Was B.Do C.Is（）7._ you usually _ to school with classmates?A.Do,comes

17、B.does,come C.Do,come（）8._ she _ home at six o clock every mornig?A.Do,comes B.Does.Come C.Do,come（）9.My mother_ like watcing TV,so she _ to bed very early every evening.A doesn t,go B.don t go C.doesn t goes（）10.Mr Green usually _ newspapers after supper every day.A.read B.reading C.reads 二.一般过去式.（

18、）1.The two _ in the same class last year.A.are B.was C.were（）2.-Where _ you _?-I went to buy some food for supper.（）3.The students in Li Leis class_ on a farm last week.A.work B.works C.worked（）4._ that worker _ in a shoe factory a year ago?A.Do,work B.Did,worked C.Did,work（）5.-Did you find your pen

19、?-Yes,I_ it two hours ago.A.found B.find C.finded（）6._ your mother _ to work last Saturday?学习必备 欢迎下载 A.Did,go B.Do,go C.Does,go（）7.They _ not late the day before yesterday.A.did B.were C.are（）8._ they away from school last October?A.Did B.Were C.Do（）9._ you _ to school last Sunday?A.Did,come B.Do,co

20、me C.Were,come（）10.What_ they_-_ for breakfast last week?A.were,have B.did,have C.will,have（）11.My friend _-his homework fifteen minutes ago.A.finish B.finishes C.finished（）12.The boys_only subjects last term,but this term they five.A.have,have B.had,had C.had,have（）13.Why _ Ann _ TV last night?A.di

21、dnt,watch B.dont watch C.doesnt watch （）14.They stopped here because they _ the way to the station.A.didnt know B.dont know C.will know（）15-Where _ you find your ticket?-I _ it on the ground.A.did,found B.do,found C.were,find 三.现在进行时.（）1.Can t you see Uncle Wang and his friends _ some machines?A.is

22、makig B.are making C.make（）2.My father _ TV with my mother now.A.watch B.watching C.is watching（）3.I s six o clock in the evening,My family _ supper at the table.A.eats B.is eating C.are eating（）4._ Lucy and Lily_ to speak Chinese with Miss Gao.A.Is,try B.Is trying C.Are,trying（）5.The dog_ itself ou

23、tside the door.A.is washing B.wash C.washes（）6.The students in Class One _ carefully to their English teacher.A.is listening B.is looking C.are listening（）7.Listen!The children _ in the open air.A.singing B.is singing C.are singing 学习必备 欢迎下载（）8.Whats the matter,Li Lei?I_ for my pen.A.am look B.am lo

24、oking C.look（）9.Lets go into the classroom.The bell _.A.ringing B.is ringing C.is ring（）10.The man is badly hurt and he_ on the road sadly.A.is lying B.are lying C.lieing 四.一般将来时.（）1.The students _ back in two hours.A.come B.is coming C.came（）2.What_ you _ with your classmates this Sunday afternoon?

25、A.are,do B.do,do C.will do（）3.There_ an English party in our class this evening.A.will have B.are going to have .C.is going to be（）4._ Wei Hua _ visit the Great Wall during this summer holiday?A.Do,going to B.Is,going to C.Will,going to（）5.When_ they _ leave for Beijing?A.will,going .B.will,/C.do,go

26、ing to（）6.-Where are you going?-I _ the shops for some fruit.A.am going to B.go to C.shall going to go to（）7.Which oranges _ they _ to buy?A.are,going B.will,going C.do,going（）8.My mother says that she _ buy me a schoolbag better than this one.A.is B.shall C.will （）9.Mr Green is afraid that Jim_behi

27、nd the other students after he comes back.A.will fall B.will fell C.is going to fell（）10.The students in my class_-arder than before this term.A.is going to study B.will going to study C.will study 现在完成时 现在完成时的结构：主语+“have(has)+过去分词”（1）现在完成时用来表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响，（常与 yet，学习必备 欢迎下载 already，just 连用），或者过

28、去某一时刻发生的，持续到现在的情况（常与 for，since 连用）。例如：1）I have just finished my homework.2）Mary has been ill for three days.注意：与 for,since 连用的动词必须用延续性动词，而不能用短暂性动词如：come be here go be there join be a member borrow keep leave be away 等等（2）常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：since,for,during,over 等引导出的短语；副词already,yet,just,ever,now,befor

29、e,often,lately,recently等；状语词组this week(morning,month,year),so far,up to now,many times,up to the present等。例如：1）I havent been there for five years.2）So far,she hasn t enjoyed the summer vacation.3）There have been a lot of changes since 1978.一般过去时和现在完成时的比较与转换 一般过去时:与之搭配的时间副词常用的有:Yesterday,last week,la

30、st year,at 5:30 ,last weekend,last month.有时用 on weekend,this morning 现在完成时:常用的时间副词有:ever,never,yet,still,already，in the past ten years;in my life;today Examples:Linda still hasn t finished her homework.Stanley has already gotten bored with the life here in Toronto.Have you ever gone to Paris?I have

31、gone to the post office twice today.2、过去完成时（1）表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况，这个过去的时间可以用 by，before 等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示；或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。表示“过去的过去”例如：1）We had just had our breakfast when Tom came in.2）By the end of last year they had turned out 5,000 bicycles.（3）过去完成时常用于以下固定句型：1）by(the end of)+过去时间，主句中谓语动词用过去完

32、成时。例如：The experiment had been finished by 4 oclock ye sterday afternoon.几种时态的比较 1.一般现在时和现在进行时 a.一般现在时：重复发生的习惯性动作和真理。标志性的时间副词：always 学习必备 欢迎下载 often frequently usually sometimes every day every week every month occasionally once a month once a month once a year seldom rarely never Examples：She goes s

33、hopping every week.He reads Business News every morning.He seldom goes dancing.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.Susan loves chocolate.b.表示一种状态或性质 Examples:This tastes very good.I dont believ e my eyes.I need a car.I hate this music.c.在讲述一个过去发生的故事时，有时可用一般现在时表示过去发生的一系列事情。-This use is cal

34、led the“historical present”.如在看图说话一类题时经常用到这一点。b Examples:h 一个美国人描述他到中国旅游的经历 My friend and I arrive at the capital air port in Beijing on the morning of May 25 th,1993.Robert comes to meet with us in a taxi,and we drive to what is to be our apartment for nearly three.week.The drive is culture shock n

35、umber one.We see people everywhere.Also,Beijing seems to be more modern than its has been written in all the books on China I have read.My friend and I are extremely astonished by the number of bicycles on the road,truly the kingdom of bicycles.现在进行时：a.正在进行，正在发生的动作 常用的时间状语：（right）now at the（this）mom

36、ent at present ;,?|Lm Examples：Robert is teaching at this moment。Mendel is working on the first draft of his essay。Im looking for my umbrella right now.Hes enjoying a holiday right now.b.表达在现在一段时间内重复发生的动作，但是动作在说话时不一定正在进行。常用的时间副词：these days Nowadays today this semester/quarter this week/month/year Ex

37、amples:Hes relaxing this week.Hes working as a librarian this semester.c.对一类经常发生的事情所表达的强烈情感 常用的时间副词：Always Forever constantly 学习必备 欢迎下载 Examples:Hes always complaining.（他怎么总是抱怨。）Youre always dancing.（你怎么总是跳舞，是不是太多了吧。）一般现在时和现在完成时 一般现在时：表达的动作不表明动作从何时开始或已进行了多长时间。Examples:Helen and Tom are happily marri

38、ed.Bruce listens to the news every morning.现在完成时:a.现在完成时所表达的动作正在进行,但句子总是表明动作是什么时候开始的。Examples:Helen and Tom have been happily married since their wedding day 60 years ago.Bruce has listened to the news all his life without missing a day.b.与现在完成时常用的两个词:For and Since For:表示动作持续的一段时间。如:for two minutes/

39、weeks/years；for several days/a long time/the past month 而在一般现在时不能与之连用。Since:表示动作从何时开始时间点.如:since 6:00/Apr.23/last week/the accident 现在进行时和现在完成时 现在进行时：表示一个正在进行的动作,但不表明动作从什么时候开始的。Examples:He is waiting over there.Matthew is studying Chinese in Beijing.现在完成时：可表明发生动作的具体数字和次数。Examples:He has tried to pas

40、s the exam twice.一般过去时和过去进行时 a.二者的区别在于过去进行时表示在过去某个特定时间正在进行的动作。Examples:My brother was sleeping at 2:00 yesterday afternoon.My neighbors dog was barking at 3:00 this morning.b.二者的区别在于过去进行时表示在过去同一时间两个同时进行的动作。与之常用的时间副词:while,as Examples;Robert was moving the lawn while Susan was fixing the car.As Micha

41、el was visiting Paris,Robert was teaching English classes in Beijing.学习必备 欢迎下载 一般过去时和过去完成时 二者的区别在于过去完成时表示在过去的过去所发生的动作。Examples:Mary was hungry because she hadnt eaten breakfast.Charlie lost his way to the hotel although he had been there a few days earlier.I realized that I hadnt eaten a single Fren

42、ch Fry since I started my diet.一般现在时和一般将来时 -一般现在时在时间和条件从句当中表示将来时的动作。Examples:As soon as I save enough money Ill buy a big house.When he gets back home he will phone a friend in New York.If it rains tomorrow we will cancel the camping trip.试题与解析（）1.He stepped into the office,_ down and began to fill

43、in the forms.A.sitting B.to sit C.sat D.having it（）2.She said she would telephone but we _from her so far.A.havent heard B.didnt hear C.hadnt heard D.wont hear（）3.When I got to the cinema,the film _for ten minutes.A.has begun B.had begun C.had been on D.was（）4.Ill go with you as soon as I_ my homewo

44、rk.A.will finish B.finish C.am finishing D.finished（）5.If it _tomorrow,I wont go to the cinema.A.will rain B.rains C.is raining D.rained（）6.She is going to be a nurse when she _-up.A.is going to grow B.grows C.growing D.grew（）7.下列四句是“这本书我已经买了三个月了。”的英译文，哪一种不对？A.I have had this book for three months.B

45、.I have bought this book for three months.C.I bought this book three months ago.D.It is three months since I bought this book.（）8.Come in,Peter,I want to show you something.Oh,how nice of you!I_ you _ to bring me a gift.A.never think;are going B.never thought;were going C.didnt think;were going D.ha

46、dt thought;were going （）9.When I was at college I_ three foreign languages,but I_ all 学习必备 欢迎下载 except for a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgotten B.spoke;have forgotten C.had spoken;had forgotten D.had spoken;have forgotten（）10.The police found that the house_and a lot of things_.A.has broken int

47、o;has been stolen B.had broken into;had been stolen C.has been broken into;stolen D.had been broken into;stolen（）11.The volleyball macth will be put off if it_.A.will rain B.rains C.rained D.is raining（）12.Mary_a dress when she cut her finger.A.made B.is making C.was making D.makes（）13.The students_

48、 busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she_ in the office.A.had writen;left B.were writing;has left C.had written;had left D.were writing;had left（）14.Have you moved into the new house?No yet,the rooms_,A.are being painted B.are painting C.are painted D.are being painting（）15.We havent heard fr

49、om Jane for a long time.What do you suppose_to her?A.was happening B.to happen C.has happened D.having happened（）16.Do you know our town at all?No,this is the first time I _here.A.was B.have been C.came D.am coming（）17.We could have walked ot the station.It was so near.Yes,A taxi _ at all necessary.

50、A.wasnt B.hadnt been C.wouldnt be D.wont be（）18.If city noises_ from increasing,people_ _shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.A.are not kept;will have to B.are not kept;have to C.do not keep;will have to D.do not keep;have to（）19.Tom_into the house when no one_.A.slipped;was