山东省菏泽市定陶区明德学校（山大附中实验学校）2023-2024学年高三上学期开学英语试题含答案.pdf

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1、2023 山大附中高三年级开学摸底测试山大附中高三年级开学摸底测试英语试题英语试题8.20注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分第一部分听力（共两节，每小题听力（共两节，每小题 1.5 分分,满分满分 30 分）分）第一节第一节听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回

2、答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Where does the conversation most probably take place?A.On the railway station.B.At the bus stop.C.At the police station.2.What did those unlucky people suffer from?A.Earthquake.B.Storm.C.Hurricane.3.Whats the mans favorite class?A.English Literature.B.History.C.Physics.4.What

3、 does the woman want to talk about with the man?A.English Learning.B.Western culture.C.How to paint.5.What did the woman do for Mrs.Brown?A.Paid back the money.B.Painted walls.C.Walked her dog.第二节第二节听下面听下面 5 段对话或独白段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的从题中所给的 A、B、C 三三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小

4、题，每小个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第听第 6 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 6 和第和第 7 题。题。6.What happened to the man?A.He lost his car keys.B.He locked his car at the airport.C.He locked his keys in his car.7.How will the woman help him?A.She wi

5、ll lend him her car.B.She will drive him home for the spare keys.C.She will drive him to the airport.所第所第 7 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 8 至第至第 10 题。题。8.How are the speakers keeping in touch now?A.Face to face.B.On the Internet.C.On the phone.9.Who has the woman got in touch with?A.Mark,Paul and Barbara.B.Mary,Pa

6、ul and Barbara.C.Mark,Carl and Crystal.10.Where is Crystal now?A.In Boston.B.In Washington.C.In Huston.听第听第 8 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 11 至第至第 13 题。题。11.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Brother and sister.B.Father and daughter.C.Husband and wife.12.Where are the mans glasses?A.In the b

7、athroom.B.On his nose.C.In his pocket.13.What impressed the man most about his forgetfulness?A.He went fishing without taking the fishing pole.B.He went fishing the day he had his wedding.C.He went out without having pants on.听第听第 9 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 14 至第至第 16 题。题。14.What are the speakers talking abou

8、t?A.How to recycle.B.Why to recycle.C.What to be recycled.15.How does the woman recycle newspapers?A.By cleaning tables.B.By wrapping bottles and cans.C.By starting a fire for her fireplace.16.What do we know about the man?A.He will take useless things to the recycling centre.B.He often warms himsel

9、f with a fireplace.C.He washes his windows twice a year.听第听第 10 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 17 至第至第 20 题。题。17.What is the speech about?A.Aconcert.B.Anew class.C.Aspecial group.18.How often will they meet each week?A.Twice.B.Five times.C.Seven times.19.What will a person do if he wants to join the club?A.Give a s

10、peech.B.Anyone can join if they like.C.Pay some money.20.When will the committee of the club come into being?A.This evening.B.Several days later.C.At the next meeting.第二部分第二部分阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 37.5 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARome can be(66)

11、pricey for travelers,which is why many choose to stay in ahostel(旅社).The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around$25 a night,andfor that,youll often get to stay in a central location(位置)with security and comfort.Yellow HostelIf I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in

12、Rome,it would beYellow Hostel.Its one of the(67)best-rated hostels in the city,and for good reason.Itsaffordable,and its got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy.As an added bonus,itsclose to the main train station.HostelAlessandro PalaceIf you love social hostels,this is the best hostel for you

13、 in Rome.Hostel AlessandroPalace is fun.Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests,like free shots,barcrawls,and karaoke.Theres also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with othertravelers during the summer.Youth Station HostelIf youre looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel,look no f

14、urther than YouthStation.It offers beautiful furnishings and beds.There are plenty of other benefits,too:itdoesnt charge city tax;it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms;it also hasfree Wi-Fi in every room.Hotel and Hostel Des ArtistesHotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 1

15、0-minute walk from the central citystation and its close to all of the citys main attractions.The staff is friendly and helpful,providing you with a map of the city when you arrive,and offering advice if you requiresome.However,you have to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.21.What may travelers greatly ca

16、re about when choosing to stay in a hostel?A.Price.B.PositionC.Comfort.D.Safety22.Which hostel is the most suitable for people who enjoy an active social life?A.Youth Station HostelB.Hotel and Hostel Des ArtistesC.Yellow Hostel.D.Hostel Alessandro Palace.23.What is the downside of Hotel and Hostel D

17、es Artistes?A.It gets noisy at night.B.Its staff is too talkative.C.Its inconveniently located.D.It has no free Wi-Fi.BLike most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.The arugula(芝麻菜)was to make a nice green salad,rounding out a roast chicken dinner.But I ended upworking late.Then fri

18、ends called with a dinner invitation.I(68)stuck the chicken in thefreezer.But as days passed,the arugula went bad.Even worse,I had(69)unthinkinglybought way to much;I could have made six salads with what I threw out.In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry,“food waste goesagainst

19、the moral grain,”as Elizabeth Royte writes in this months cover story.Itsjaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown awayfrom“ugly”(but quiteeatable)vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown intorestaurant garbage cans.Producing food that no one eats wastes the

20、 water,fuel,and other resources used togrow it.That makes food waste an environmental problem.In fact,Royte writes,“if foodwaste were a country,it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in theworld.”If thats hard to understand,lets keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of myr

21、efrigerator.Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the timebut for him,its more like 12boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days.Curtin is CEO of DC CentralKitchen in Washington,D.C,which(70)recovers food and turns it into healthy meals.Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of f

22、ood by taking donations andcollecting blemished(有瑕疵的)produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields.Andthe strawberries?Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or dry them for use in meals(71)down the road.Such methods seem obvious,yet so often we just dont think.“Everyone can play apart in reducing

23、 Waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in yourweekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you wont eat,”Curtin says.24.What does the author want to prove by telling the arugula story?A.We pay no attention to food waste.B.We have good reasons for wasting f

24、ood.C.We waste more vegetables than meat.D.We waste food unintentionally sometimes.25.What is a result of food waste according to the text?A.Environmental damage.B.Moral decrease.C.Energy shortage.D.Worldwide starvation.26.What does Curtins company do?A.It produces kitchen equipment.B.It makes meals

25、 by using unwanted food.C.It helps local farmers to grow fruits.D.It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.27.What does Curtin propose people do?A.Reduce food consumption.B.Purchase only what is needed.C.Go shopping once a week.D.Eat in restaurants less often.CThe goal of this book is to make the cas

26、e for digital minimalism,including a detailedexploration of what it asks and why it works,and then to teach you how to adopt thisphilosophy if you decide its right for you.To do so,I divided the book into two parts.In part one,I describe the philosophicalfoundations of digital minimalism,starting wi

27、th an examination of the forces that aremaking so many peoples digital lives increasingly(72)intolerable,before moving on to adetailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy:the digital declutter.This process

28、 requires you to step away from optional online activitiesfor thirty days.At the end of the thirty days,you will then add back a small number ofcarefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to thethings you value.In the final chapter of part one,Ill guide you thro

29、ugh carrying out your own digitaldeclutter.In doing so,Ill draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 peopleagreed to perform a digital declutter.Youll hear these participants stories and learn whatstrategies worked well for them,and what(73)traps they encountered that you shouldavoid.T

30、he second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help youcultivate(培养)a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle.In these chapters,I examineissues such as the importance of solitude(独 处)and the necessity of cultivatinghigh-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on

31、mindless device use.Eachchapter concludes with a collection of practices,which are designed to help you act on thebig ideas of the chapter.You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid yourefforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.28.What is the pu

32、rpose of the book?A.To teach critical thinking skills.B.To promotetheuseofadigitaldevice.C.To tackle philosophical problems.D.Toadvocate a simple digital lifestyle.29.Which word has the similar meaning with the underlined word“declutter”inparagraph 3 mean?A.Add-on.B.Clear-up.C.Check-out.D.Take-over.

33、30.What is presented in the final chapter of part one?A.Historical analyses.B.Practical examples.C.Statistical methods.D.Theoretical models.31.What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two?A.Employ them as needed.B.Recommend them to friends.C.Assess their effects.D.I

34、dentify the ideas behind them.DAccording to the Solar Energy Industry Association,the number of(74)solar panelsinstalled（安装）has grown rapidly in the past decade,and it has to grow even faster tomeet climate goals.But all of that growth will take up a lot of space,and though more andmore people accep

35、t the concept of solar energy,few like large solar panels to be installednear them.Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible,so theyhavent given much thought to what they put under them.Often,theyll end up filling thearea with small stones and using chemicals to contr

36、ol weeds.The result is that manycommunities,especially in farming regions,see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.“Solar projects need to be good neighbors,”says Jordan Macknick,the head of theInnovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment（InSPIRE）project.“They need to be pro

37、tectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.”InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to“low-impact”solar development,whichfocuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.Oneof the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat

38、for pollinators（传粉昆虫）.Habitat loss,(75)pesticide use,and climate change have caused dramatic declines inpollinator populations over the past couple of decades,which has damaged the U.S.agricultural economy.Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitatprotection and pesticide use.Cons

39、ervation organizations put out pollinator-friendlinessguidelines for home gardens,businesses,schools,citiesand now there are guidelines forsolar farms.Over the past few years,many solar farm developers have transformed the spaceunder their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators

40、,resulting in soilimprovement and carbon reduction.“These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have avaluable impact on everything thats going on in the landscape,”says Macknick.32.What do solar developers often pay little attention to?A.The quick installation of cheap solar panels.B.The rising cost

41、of building solar farms.C.The passive influence of installing solar panels.D.The decline in the demand for solar energy.33.What does InSPIRE intend to do?A.Make solar projects land-friendly.B.Find new ways of controlling weeds.C.Improve the productivity of local farms.D.Reduce the use of solar energ

42、y in rural areas.34.Why have over 28 states passed laws in the U.S.?A.To restrict business development.B.To protect pollinators.C.To stop climate changeD.To increase the supply of energy.35.Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the text?A.InSPIRE:To Leave or to StayB.Solar Energy:

43、Hope for the FutureC.Solar Farms:ANew DevelopmentD.Pollinators:ALeader inAgriculture第二节（共第二节（共 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 12.5 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2022 新高考 II 阅读 D 改编)As we age,even if were healthy,the heart just isnt as efficient in processing oxygenas it used to be.In m

44、ost people the first signs show up in their 50s or early60s._36_“Think of a rubber band.In the beginning,it is flexible,but put it in a drawer for 20years and it will become dry and easily broken,”says Dr.Ben Levine,a heart specialist atthe University of Texas._37_ Fortunately for those in midlife,L

45、evine is findingthat even if you havent been an enthusiastic exerciser,getting in shape now may helpimprove your aging heart.Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did notexercise much but were otherwise healthy._38_The first group participated in aprogram of non

46、aerobic(无 氧)exercisebalance training and weight trainingthreetimes a week.The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance ofa trainer for four or more days a week.After two years,the second group saw remarkableimprovements in heart health.“We took these 50-year-old hearts and

47、 turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-oldhearts,”says Levine.“And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that theirhearts could now fill a lot better and pump(泵送)a lot more blood during exercise.”_39_.“The sweet spot in life to start exercising,if you havent already,is in late middle

48、agewhen the heart still has flexibility,”Levine says.“We put healthy 70-year-olds through ayearlong exercise training program,and nothing happened to them at all.”_40_But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far largergroups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise ro

49、utine make thebiggest difference.A.Thats what happens to the heart.B.For the people who are in their 80s,the sign is not apparently.C.Dr.Nieca Goldberg,says Levines findings are a great start.D.And among people who dont exercise,the changes can start even sooner.E.The more exercise we do,the stronge

50、r our hearts get.F.But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didnt change,he says.G.Participants were randomly divided into two groups.第三部分第三部分 语言运用及基础检测（共三节，满分语言运用及基础检测（共三节，满分 45 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1 分，满分分，满分 15 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In