名词性从句中学教育高考英语_中学教育-中学课件.pdf

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1、学习好资料 欢迎下载 名词性从句 一定义：在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。二范围：它包括 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句 和 同位语从句。三引导词：引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that,whether,if（不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.连接副词：when,where,how,why 四连接词的区别。1.that 和 what 的选用 that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what 除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而 that 在

2、名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。1).What he wants is a book.2).That he wants to go there is obvious.3).The result is that we won the game.4).I have no doubt that he will come.5).I have no idea what he did that afternoon.6).After months of voyage,Columbus arrived in what later proved to be a new continent.7).On

3、stepping into his room,he was astonished to find the floor covered with what looked like tiny insects.2.who和 whoever的选用 who 引导的从句指代的是事，翻译成“谁”，是特指。whoever 引导的从句指代的是人（anyone who),意思是“无论是谁”，是泛指。1).The book can be of help to whoever wants to do the job.2).Who will be sent to work there hasnt been decide

4、d yet.3).Whoever will be sent to work there will be given a large house.4).Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.5).Could I speak to whoever is in charge of International Sales,please?6).Whoever wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.7).Who he is is not important.3.whe

5、ther与 if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用 whether，不用 if：a.引导主语从句并在句首时；b.引导表语从句时；c.引导从句作介词宾语时；d.从句后有“or not”时；e.后接动词不定式时。f.引导同位语从句时。1.Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.2.Everything depends on whether we have enough money.3.I asked her if/whether she had a bike.4.I dont know if/whethe

6、r he is well or not.5.I dont know whether or not he is well.6.The question is whether he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question whether the old man will recover soon.8.I dont know whether to go.4.which引导名词性从句及定语从句区别。which 引导定语从句时，是关系代词，要代替先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语。而引导名词性从句时，在从句中也作主语或宾语，但是是“哪

7、一个”的意思。1).There are so many interesting books in the bookstore,and I dont know which I can buy(=which to buy).(which 引导宾语从句)2).Here are 5 pairs.Can you tell me which you would like to buy?(which引导宾语从句)3).We all like the book,which was written by LuXun.(which引导定语从句)4).Spielberg won a prize for a shor

8、t film which he made.(which引导定语从句)5.引导词 that 的省略 单个宾语从句中的 that 可省略.that 不可省略的情况：a.主语从句 b.表语从句 学 案 班级_ 姓名_ 学号_ 装 订 线 学习好资料 欢迎下载 c.同位语从句 d.用 it 做形式宾语的宾语从句 e.并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词 that 不能省略 1).I dont think（that）she is coming.2).It is a pity that he has made such a mistake.3).The reason is that he is carel

9、ess.4).The news that our team won the match inspired us.5).I dont think it necessary that you should read English aloud.6).He told me(that)his father had died and that he had to make a living alone.五无论哪个引导词引导名词性从句，从句一律使用陈述语序。1).The problem is how we should use modern technology.2).When man will be a

10、ble to live on Mars is unknown to us all.3).I cant imagine where all these advanced technology will lead us.六具体应用：1.主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。It is known to us how he became a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been

11、 announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语 it 代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。It is necessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that It is a pity(a shame,no wonder,etc.)that It is suggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)t hat 主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由 and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个

12、主语从句，谓语动词用单数。When the meeting will begin _has_not been decided yet.When they will start and where they go _have_not been decided yet.When and where the meeting will begin _has_not been decided.2.宾语从句 名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。1.由连接词 that 引导的宾语从句 由连接词 that 引导宾语从句时，that 在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式

13、的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的 that 不可省。例如：He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。We must never think(that)we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。注意：在 demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,demand,request,command 等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动

14、词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”。例如：I insist that she(should)do her work alone.我坚持要她自己工作。The commander ordered that troops(should)set off at once.司令员命令部队马上出发。2.用 who，whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他

15、告诉了你什么。She always thinks of how she can work well.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。3.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用 不同时态。He says he studies English every day.（从句用一般现在时）He says he studied English last term.（从句用一般过去时）I know(that)he will study Eng

16、lish next year.（从句用一般将来时）he has studied English since 1998.（从句用现在完成时）当主句动词是过去时态（could,would 除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America 石榴抽枝长叶开花结果这一过程文章语言优美在描写石榴花与石榴果时还运用了比喻与拟人的写作手法对学生阅读习作是一篇很好的范文二教学目标复习生字词语有感情地朗读课文在读中能体会文

17、中优美的语句逐步提高学生的语感喜爱对大自然的喜爱三教学重点和难点体会文中优美语句知道作者介绍石榴的顺序和拟人手法的运用四教学过程一复习巩固理文章脉络瞧这是什么引出石榴今天这节课咱们继续走近熟悉石榴先来复习一下课文中的生字词好吗出示这白相间晶莹透亮读得真好再看难度加大了字多了能读好吗注意轻声郁郁葱葱的树叶火红的石榴花玛瑙般的子儿笑得咧开了嘴这个会填空吗先默读课文再填写出示这篇课文写了石榴树春天枝条叶子夏天秋天指名填写最后齐读师小结并学习好资料 欢迎下载 4.think,believe,imagine,suppose 等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定

18、形式移到主句中。We dont think you are here.I dont believe he will do so.3.表语从句 在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。The fact is that we have lost the game.That is why he didnt come to the meeting.It looks as if it is going to rain.需要注意的，当主语是 reason 时，表语从句要用 that 引导而不是 because。The reason why he was late was that he missed the tra

19、in by one minute this morning 4.同位语从句 同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由 that 引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有 advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word 等。例如：The news that we won the game is exciting.I have no idea when he will come back ho

20、me.The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.同位语从句和定语从句的区别：that 作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that 引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。试比较下面两个例句:I had no idea that you were here （that 引导同位语从句，不能省略）Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that

21、引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）四 名词性从句专项练习 100 题 1.His success was because of _ he had been working hard.A.that B.the fact which C.the fact that D.the fact 2.“Is Mary from New York City”“I dont know _.”A.from what city does she come from B.from what city she come C.what city does she come from D.what city she come

22、s from 3._ makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.Whatever 4.The reason why I didnt go to Shanghai was _ a new job.A.because I got B.because of getting C.I got D.that I got 5.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A.while B.that C.if D.for 6.Henry killed the dog.Ill ask

23、 him why _.A.did he do that B.he did that C.he did D.he has done so 7.Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know _.A.how he is getting along B.how is he getting along C.what he is getting along D.what is he getting along 8.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A.h

24、owever B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 9.He asked me _ with me.A.what is the trouble B.what wrong was C.what was the matter D.what trouble it is 10.I am sure _ he said is true.A.that B.about that C.of that D.that what 11.When and why he came here _ yet.A.is not known B.are not known C.has not know

25、n D.have not bee 12.I wonder how much _.A.does the watch cost B.did the watch cost C.the watch costed D.the watch costs 13.Mary is _ someone might recognize her.A.afraid of B.afraid about C.afraid that D.afraid for 14._ is no reason for dismissing her.A.Because she was a few minutes late B.Owing to

26、a few minutes late C.The fact that she was a few minutes late D.Being a few minutes late 15.They came to the conclusion _ by a computer.A.that not all things can be done B.because of not all things be done C.being not all things can be done D.because not all things can be done 16.Why the explosion o

27、ccurred was _ the laboratory attendant had been careless.A.for B.because C.since D.that 石榴抽枝长叶开花结果这一过程文章语言优美在描写石榴花与石榴果时还运用了比喻与拟人的写作手法对学生阅读习作是一篇很好的范文二教学目标复习生字词语有感情地朗读课文在读中能体会文中优美的语句逐步提高学生的语感喜爱对大自然的喜爱三教学重点和难点体会文中优美语句知道作者介绍石榴的顺序和拟人手法的运用四教学过程一复习巩固理文章脉络瞧这是什么引出石榴今天这节课咱们继续走近熟悉石榴先来复习一下课文中的生字词好吗出示这白相间晶莹透亮读得真

28、好再看难度加大了字多了能读好吗注意轻声郁郁葱葱的树叶火红的石榴花玛瑙般的子儿笑得咧开了嘴这个会填空吗先默读课文再填写出示这篇课文写了石榴树春天枝条叶子夏天秋天指名填写最后齐读师小结并学习好资料 欢迎下载 17.I dont doubt _ hell come.A.that B.if C.what D.whether 18.“Why did you go to the wrong class,Mr.Wang”“Well,I forget _ I was supposed to go to.”A.which the room B.which room C.what was the room D.w

29、hat room was it 19.Output is now six times _ it was before liberation.A.that B.which C.what D.of which 20.Mary:Helen is a mere washer woman,yet shes now buying a big house.Carol:Yes.Because shes always saved _.A.what little she earns B.how little she earns C.for little she earns D.with little she ea

30、rns 21._ surprised me most was _ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.A.Thatwhat B.Whatthat C.Thatwhich D.Whatwhich 22.We gave him _ help we could.A.which B.what C.that D.this 23.She is pleased with what you have given him and _ you have told him.A.that B.which C.all what D.all t

31、hat 24.Excuse me would you please tell me _ A.when the sports meet is taken place B.when is the sports meet going to be held C.when is the sports meet to begin D.when the sports meet is to take place 25.Do you happen to know _ A.what size shoes he wears B.how big shoes he wears C.what is the size of

32、 his shoes D.what number shoes are his 26.This book will show you _ can be used in other contexts.A.how you have observed B.how what you have observed C.that you have observed D.how that you have observed 27.Where do you think _ A.has he gone B.has he been C.hes gone D.was he 28.Do you know _ A.how

33、many populations there are in the world B.how much population there is in the world.how much population there is in the world C.how many the population of the world is D.what the population of the world is 29.Would you go and see _ outside A.what to take place B.what Tom has happened C.what is happe

34、ning D.what the matter had been 30.The subject of What is interesting is that I do not even know him.is_.A.what B.interesting C.What is interesting D.I 31._ I think he is Charles.A.Who do you think he is B.Do you think who he is C.Whom do you think he is D.Do you think who he is 32.He didnt know whi

35、ch room _.A.they lived B.they lived in C.did they live D.did they live in 33.The little boy ate _ his mother gave him.A.that B.which C.whatever D.no matter what 34.The city is no longer _.A.what it is B.that it used to be C.which it was D.what it used to be 35.My parents used _ they had to get a new

36、 car for me.A.which B.that C.what D.all what 36._ we go swimming every day _ us a lot of good.A.Ifdo B.Thatdo C.Ifdoes D.Thatdoes 37._ was the idea _ the wife thought of A.Whatthat B.Thatwhat C.Howwhy D.Whyhow 38._ did he tell his wife _ he wished to do A.Thatwhat B.Whatthat C.Wherewhich D.Whichwher

37、e 39.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right.A.what that B.that what C.that which D.which that 40.I have no idea _ or not he has finished the work.A.if B.that C.whether D.which 41.“Do you know _”“His father is a doctor.”A.what is his father B.who is his father C.what his father is D.w

38、ho his father is 42.Is this _ we met each other two years ago A.place B.place in which C.where D.place which 石榴抽枝长叶开花结果这一过程文章语言优美在描写石榴花与石榴果时还运用了比喻与拟人的写作手法对学生阅读习作是一篇很好的范文二教学目标复习生字词语有感情地朗读课文在读中能体会文中优美的语句逐步提高学生的语感喜爱对大自然的喜爱三教学重点和难点体会文中优美语句知道作者介绍石榴的顺序和拟人手法的运用四教学过程一复习巩固理文章脉络瞧这是什么引出石榴今天这节课咱们继续走近熟悉石榴先来复习一下课

39、文中的生字词好吗出示这白相间晶莹透亮读得真好再看难度加大了字多了能读好吗注意轻声郁郁葱葱的树叶火红的石榴花玛瑙般的子儿笑得咧开了嘴这个会填空吗先默读课文再填写出示这篇课文写了石榴树春天枝条叶子夏天秋天指名填写最后齐读师小结并学习好资料 欢迎下载 43.It _ Bob drives badly.A.thinks that B.is thought what C.thought that D.is thought that 44.We all know the truth _ there are air,water and sunlight there are living things.A.w

40、here B.wherever C.that D.that wherever 45.They discussed _ they could settle the problem without others help.A.if B.that C.what D.whether 46.She asked _.A.what I was doing when she rang me up B.what was I doing when she rang me up C.when she rang me up what I was doing D.when did she ring me up what

41、 I was doing 47.May I borrow the ring You can take _ you like.A.no matter what B.which C.whichever D.that 48.He said that he was fond of _.A.what beautiful is B.what is beautiful C.beautiful is what D.what it is beautiful 49.He insisted that he _ in good health and _ to work there.A.was,be sent B.is

42、,is sent C.be,was sent D.be,send 50.Do you know _ he expects will give us a talk A.who B.whom C.that D.whose 2012 高考试题 01.The limits of a persons intelligence,generally speaking,are fixed at birth,but he reaches these limits will depends on his environment.A.where B.whether C.that D.why 02.Jerry did

43、 not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differently.A.why B.how C.that D.whether 03.Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesnt matter _you have lived there for a short or a long time.A.why B.how C.whether D.when 04.The newcomer went to the library the other day a

44、nd searched for he could find about Mark Twain.A.wherever B.however C.whatever D.whichever 05.When you are done with the book,just give it to Lucy or Helen or _.A.whoever B.wherever C.whatever D.however 06.It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.12 山东 A.how B.whether C.what D

45、.why 07.As many five courses are provided,and you are free to choose _ suits you best.A whatever B.whichever C.whenever D.wherever 08.New technologies have made _ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.A.that B.this C.one D.it 09.If you happ en to get lost in the wild,youd bett

46、er stay _ you are and wait for help.A.why B.where C.who D.what 10.Scientists study _ human brains work to make computers.A.when B.how C.that D.whether 11.It doesnt matter _you turn right or left at the crossing-both roads lead to the park.A.whether B.how C.if D.when 12.I made a promise to myself _ t

47、his year,my first year in high school,would be different.A.whether B.what C.that D.how 13.Evidence has been found through years of study _childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.A.why B.how C.whether D.that 14.It is by no means clear the president can do to end the

48、 strike.A.how B.which C.that D.what 15.The notice came around two in the afternoon_ the meeting would be postponed.A.when B.that C.whether D.how 答案：1-5.CDCDB 6-10.BABCD 11-15.ADCCA 16-20.DABCA 21-25.BBDDA 26-30.BCDCC 31-35.ABCDC 36-40.DABBC 41-45.CCDDD 46-50.ACBAA 2012 高考试题 01-05 BCCCA 06-10 BBDBB 1

49、1-15 ACDDB 石榴抽枝长叶开花结果这一过程文章语言优美在描写石榴花与石榴果时还运用了比喻与拟人的写作手法对学生阅读习作是一篇很好的范文二教学目标复习生字词语有感情地朗读课文在读中能体会文中优美的语句逐步提高学生的语感喜爱对大自然的喜爱三教学重点和难点体会文中优美语句知道作者介绍石榴的顺序和拟人手法的运用四教学过程一复习巩固理文章脉络瞧这是什么引出石榴今天这节课咱们继续走近熟悉石榴先来复习一下课文中的生字词好吗出示这白相间晶莹透亮读得真好再看难度加大了字多了能读好吗注意轻声郁郁葱葱的树叶火红的石榴花玛瑙般的子儿笑得咧开了嘴这个会填空吗先默读课文再填写出示这篇课文写了石榴树春天枝条叶子夏天秋天指名填写最后齐读师小结并