山东省青岛地区高二下学期期初考试英语试题（含听力）.docx

《山东省青岛地区高二下学期期初考试英语试题（含听力）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《山东省青岛地区高二下学期期初考试英语试题（含听力）.docx（27页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2022-2023学年度第二学期期初自主检测高二英语试题注意事项:1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在 本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段

2、对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman suggest doing?A. Going straight.B. Turning around.C. Driving under the bridge.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Were never going to make it to the theater on time. We wont get through this light fbr another five minutes.W: Its too late to

3、 turn around. We can turn right and drive under the bridge instead.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What might the man be?A. A TV actor.B. A singer.C. A movie star.【答案】B【解析】【原文】 W: You look very familiar. I think I know you. You are in a TV series or a movie, arent you?M: Ha-ha, I wish I was. I think you probab

4、ly saw me singing at the local festival.year-old Nelson began her descent on skis, she triggered small avalanche and was swept away. On Wednesday, Morrison found her body.（周一，美国滑雪登山运动员希拉莉尼尔森和她的搭档吉姆莫里森登上了世界第八 高的马纳斯卢山，海拔26781英尺。49岁的尼尔森开始滑雪后不久，就引发了小型雪崩，被卷走了。周 三，莫里森发现了她的尸体）”可知，希拉莉尼尔森因为雪崩而失去了生命。故选A项。【25题

5、详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 “Nelson, a National Geographic Explorer, had a distinctive sense of travel that led her through more than 40 expeditions to 16 countries. In 2012, six years later, Nelson returned to Lhotse to become the first to ski from its summit.（尼尔森是国家地理杂志的探险家,她有一种独特的旅行意识，指弓I她前 往16个国家进行了 40多次探险。

6、六年后的2012年，纳尔逊回到Lhotse,成为第一个从山顶滑雪的人）” 可知，尼尔森在2012年回到Lhotse是为了挑战自己从山顶滑雪。故选C项。【26题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中 “She was deeply respected for both her extensive big-mountain experience, and her mindful approach to lifes challenges. In 2018, Nelson was named captain of the North Face Athlete Team, a title only one ot

7、her athlete has held. A National Geographic Society grantee, she was also one of the winners of the 2018 National Geographic Adventurer of the Year award. Despite her many super-hero accomplishments, friends recall her as a thoughtful presence and quiet leader, someone who never sought the limelight

8、.（她因其丰富的登山经验和 对生活挑战的谨慎态度而深受尊敬。2018年，尼尔森被任命为诺斯菲斯运动队队长，这是唯一一名运动员 获得过的头衔。作为国家地理学会的受奖人，她也是2018年国家地理年度冒险家奖的获奖者之一。尽管 她取得了许多超级英雄般的成就，但朋友们回忆起她是一个深思熟虑的存在和安静的领导者，一个从不追 求风头的人）”可知，本段主要讲述了希拉莉尼尔森曾经取得的伟大成就。故选D项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Throughout her career, Nelson struggled at times with the expectations and limitatio

9、ns of being a woman, a mother, and a professional adventurer-and becoming a role model for younger generations of female athletes in the process. Nelson paved the way for women in the adventure sports space with her refusal to choose between motherhood and her athletic career,n says Emily Harrington

10、, a climber who joined her on the Hkakabo Razi expedition. She followed her passion as well as raising her family with a mix of courage and grace in a way only a true leader could.”（在她的职业生涯中，Nelson有时会与作为一名女性、母亲和职业 冒险家的期望和局限作斗争，并在这个过程中成为年轻一代女运动员的榜样。“纳尔逊拒绝在母亲和运动 生涯之间做出选择，为冒险运动领域的女性铺平了道路，”与她一起参加Hkakabo

11、 Razi探险队的登山者艾 米丽哈林顿说）”可推知，作为一个女性和母亲，和她的冒险家职业是相冲突的，但是尼尔森克服了困 难，所以是投入的，并且纳尔逊拒绝在母亲和运动生涯之间做出选择，说明她热爱冒险运动，所以是有冒险精神的。故选B项。CFrom Dec 7 to 19 delegates from around the world met at the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties tothe United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity （also known as COP 15

12、）, in Montreal, Canada. After two weeks of intense debate at COP15, delegates agreed on Dec 19 to adopt a landmark plan to halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030. Finally, we reached our destiny. We adopted the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework/9 Huang Runqiu, COP15 president and Ch

13、inas minister of ecology and environment, announced on Dec 19.The new framework is a commitment by 196 parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity to conserve at least 30 percent of the Earths land and ocean area by the next decade. It also will increase the expected annual financial assistanc

14、e from developed countries through 2030 to help developing nations with biodiversity protection.The aim of COP15 is to ensure biodiversity loss is changed by 2030, and that humans are able to live in harmony with nature by 2050.To realize these objectives can be very challenging. At COP 10 in Nagoya

15、, Japan in 2010, the parties agreed on the 20 Aichi Biodiversity Targets （爱知生物多样性目标）.But, as of now, none of the 20 objectives has been fully realized.It is important to turn consensus into effective actions. Yet, as recent talks have shown, an aspect of effective international action on stopping cl

16、imate change is the cooperation of developed countries. Developed countries, however, have fallen short of their responsibility as they have failed to fulfill the obligations according to the COP convention to provide funding and technology to poorer nations who lack the means to combat climate chan

17、ge.To solve this problem, the framework creates a new biodiversity fund within the UNs existing Global Environment Facility. This came about as a compromise between developing nations, which wanted a new fund, and developed countries, which did not. In addition, a global youth initiative （彳昌议）was al

18、so released, hoping young people to be leaders and advocates for biodiversity conservation.28. What is the aim ofCOP15?A. To save at least 30 percent of the Earths land and ocean area by next decade.B. To stop biodiversity loss and promote harmony between man and nature.C. To strengthen the cooperat

19、ion between developed and developing countriesD. To provide funding and technology to poorer nations to fight climate change.29. Why is COP10 mentioned in the passage?A. To show the parties didnt fulfill the obligationB. To show the objectives were too high to realizeC. To show it is difficult to re

20、alize the objectives of COP 15D. To show Japan didnt hold the meeting successfully.30. What does the underlined word “consensus“ mean in paragraph 4?A. Statistic.B. Emotion.C. Intervention.D. Agreement.31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. International cooperation is import

21、ant.B. A new framework is made in the COP15.C. Joint efforts are needed to fight climate change.D. Historic COP 15 deals are released on biodiversity.【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍的是在第15届联合国气候变化大会上，不同国家的代表们同意 通过一项具有里程碑意义的计划，到2030年遏制和扭转生物多样性丧失。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 u After two weeks

22、of intense debate at COP15, delegates agreed on Dec 19 to adopt a landmark plan to halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030.（在第 15 届联合国气候变化大会上，经过两周的 激烈辩论，代表们于12月19日同意通过一项具有里程碑意义的计划，到2030年遏制和扭转生物多样性丧 失。）可知，来自世界各地的代表齐聚联合国生物多样性公约第15次缔约方大会的目的是截止到 2030年，遏制和扭转生物多样性丧失。故选B。29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中To realize the

23、se objectives can be very challenging. At COP 10 in Nagoya, Japan in 2010, the parties agreed on the 20 Aichi Biodiversity Targets （爱知生物多样性目标）.But, as of now, none of the 20 objectives has been fully realized.（实现这些目标是非常具有挑战性的。2010年在日本名古屋举行的 COP10会议上，各方商定了 20个爱知生物多样性目标。但是，到目前为止，这20个目标没有一个完全实 现。）”可知，C

24、OP10列举了 20个目标，结果这20个目标没有一个完全实现，由此通过列举COP10是为 了表明COP 15所列举的目标很难实现。故选C。【30题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文 “Yet, as recent talks have shown, an aspect of effective international action on stopping climate change is the cooperation of developed countries4然而，正如最近的会谈所表明的那样，阻止气候变化 的有效国际行动的一个方面是发达国家的合作。）”可知，有效的阻止气候变化的方式是实现与

25、发达国家的 合作，该句与前文构成转折关系，即表明，现在并没没有实现与发达国家的合作，故就各个国家达成一致 是重要的。由此推断划线词consensus与D选项“agreement”为同义词，意为“一致”。故选D。31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段 “From Dec 7 to 19, delegates from around the world met at the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity （also known

26、as COP15）, in Montreal, Canada. After two weeks of intense debate at COP15, delegates agreed on Dec 19 to adopt a landmark plan to halt and reverse biodiversity loss by 2030. （12月7日至19日，来自世界各地的代表参加了在加拿大蒙 特利尔举行的联合国生物多样性公约第15次缔约方大会（简称COP15）。在第15届联合国气候变化大 会上，经过两周的激烈辩论，代表们于12月19日同意通过一项具有里程碑意义的计划，到2030年遏

27、制和 扭转生物多样性丧失。）”以及通读全文可知，文章讲述的是在第15届联合国气候变化大会上，不同国家 的代表们同意通过一项具有里程碑意义的计划，到2030年遏制和扭转生物多样性丧失。故选D。DFor years, doctors have given blood to patients who need it to survive. These transfusions usually include giving red blood cells to patients.Blood transfusions arent as simple as taking blood from one pe

28、rson and giving it to someone else. There5re several different blood types that dont all mix well. If someone gets a transfusion of the wrong kind of blood, their body will reject the blood cells, causing problems. For the first time ever, scientists from the University of Bristol, Britain, are carr

29、ying out a new trail: testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers. The scientists have used stem cells （干2田月包）from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells.This could be even better than a regular blood transfusion. For one thing, they can be adjusted for pe

30、ople with different blood types. Thatll be extremely helpful for people with rare blood types. Also, a normal transfusion has red blood cells of all different ages, which means only a small part of them are brand new. The red blood cells grown in the lab are brand new, and this means they last longe

31、r and that patients will need fewer transfusions.To test its safety, researchers have given a couple of teaspoons of the blood to two healthy people, both of whom seem to be doing just fine after the transfusions. In all, theyll be tested on 10 people, and compared to normal transfusions. The new pr

32、ocess doesnt indicate that normal blood transfusions will disappear. Meanwhile, growing red blood cells in a lab is extremely expensive. And a lot of work and testing still need to be done. But if its successful, the process could make life much easier for patients who often need transfusions-even t

33、hose with rare blood types. 32. Why are the scientists carrying out the research?A. The blood reserve is not adequate.B. Normal blood transfusions are out of date.C. More and more people need blood transfusions.D. They want to find a new trail of blood transfusions.33. Whafs the advantages of the br

34、and new red blood cells grown in the lab?A. They suit the patients of all different ages.B. They have red blood cells from different races.C. They are effective to the patients for a longer term.D. It is extremely economical and makes life much easier.34. Which of the following statements is true?A.

35、 The research still has a long way to go.B. Normal blood transfusions will disappear soon.C. Ten people have received the lab-grown brand new blood.D. The brand new blood isnt fit for those with rare blood types.35. What is the passage mainly about?A. The test of lab-grown blood.B. Comparison of two

36、 blood transfusions.C. An appeal for rare blood donation.D. The expense of blood transfusions.【答案】32.D33. C 34. A 35. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是一种新的给患者输血的方式，即给患者提供红细胞，这种输血 方式一旦成功，将会使得经常输血的患者，即使是那些具有稀有血型的患者的生活变的轻松。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段 “ Blood transfusions arent as simple as taking blood from one person a

37、nd giving it to someone else. There9re several different blood types that dont all mix well. If someone gets a transfusion of the wrong kind of blood, their body will reject the blood cells, causing problems. For the first time ever, scientists from the University of Bristol, Britain, are carrying o

38、ut a new trail: testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers. The scientists have used stem cells （干名田月包）from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells.（输血并不像从一个人身上取血给另一个人那么简单。有几种不同的血型并不能很好地混合 在一起。如果有人输错了血，他们的身体就会排斥血细胞，造成问题。英国布里斯托尔大学的科学家们首 次进行了一项新的试验:测试在实验室里培养

39、的人类志愿者的红细胞。科学家们利用血液样本中的干细胞培 育出数十亿个全新的红细胞）”可知，输血并不像想象的那么简单，旦不同血型不能很好的混合，输错了血 可能造成问题。由此推知，科学家进行实验的目的是找到一种新的输血方式红细胞输血，以避免这些 问题。故选D。【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “The red blood cells grown in the lab are brand new, and this means they lastlonger and that patients will need fewer transfusions.（在实验室中生长的红细胞是全新的，这意

40、味着它们的持续时间更长，患者需要的输血更少）”可知，在实验室中的红细胞的优势是它们是全新的，因此对患者有效 的时间更长。故选C。【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“And a lot of work and testing still need to be done.（还有很多工作和测试需要 完成）”可知，该研究还有很长的路要走。故选A。【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据首段中的 “For years, doctors have given blood to patients who need it to survive. Thesetransfusions usually includ

41、e giving red blood cells to patients.（多年来，医生一直为需要血液生存的患者提供血液。这些输血通常包括给患者提供红细胞）”以及第二段中的For the first time ever, scientists from theUniversity of Bristol, Britain, are canying out a new trail: testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on humanvolunteers. The scientists have used stem cells（干细月包）fr

42、om a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells.（英国布里斯托大学的科学家有史以来第一次在人类志愿者身上测试实验室中生长的红细胞。科 学家们使用来自血液样本的干细胞来培养数十亿个全新的红细胞）”可知，本文主要讲述的是科学家在实验 室研发的一种红细胞输血方式。由此可知，The test of lab-grown blood.（实验室培育的血液测试）适合作本文 最佳标题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）项。Many people have been making fun of Paris Hilton on

43、line recently. The 36-year-old US actress and model said on social media that she inventecT the selfie （自拍）in 2006, posting a photo of her and Britney Spears as proof.36. They posted evidence of selfies that appeared much earlier in history.In one example, a user posted a selfie that Buzz Aldrin, th

44、e famous astronaut, took of himself in space in 1966. But perhaps the funniest example was a black-and-white selfie that was taken by American photographer Robert Cornelius in 1839.37.Why do people love to take selfies so much? Is it because we5re naturally vain （虚荣的）and proud? 38.So we take photos

45、of ourselves, post them online and wait for people to give us compliments （称赞）.39. For example, if you take one while youre on holiday and post it online, criminals might see it andknow that you arent home. They then might break into your home while youre away.There are even people who have died whi

46、le taking selfies. According to Forbes magazine, 127 people around the world died while taking selfies from 2014 to 2016. It can be very dangerous to take selfies while standing near high places, like roofs and cliffs. Taking selfies underwater or on train tracks is also quite dangerous. 40.No selfi

47、e is worth risking your life for 一 no matter how good it might look.A. So be careful out thereB It is quite possibly the first ever selfieC. Taking selfies can be dangerous, thoughD. Internet users immediately proved her wrongE. Posting selfies also allows you to control your image onlineF. Maybe it

48、s actually the opposite - perhaps we feel insecure or shyG. But taking a selfie is much more than just holding your smartphone in the air答案】36. D 37. B 38. F 39. C 40. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了很多人最近在网上取笑了 ParisHilton,这位36岁的美国女演员和 模特在社交媒体上表示她在2006年“发明了”自拍照，并将她和Britney Spears的照片作为“证据”。互联 网用户立即证明了她的错误，并发布了历史上早期出现的自拍证据，并且分析了大家喜欢自拍的原因以及 自拍存在危险。36题详解】根据后文“They posted evidence of selfies that appeared much earlier in history.（他们公布 了 出现在更早历史时 期的自拍证据。）”可知，网友们找出了早期的自拍证据证明Paris Hilton的错误。故D选项“Internet users immediately proved her wrong（网友们立即证明她错了。）”中的Internet users与后文的they呼应，即网友们 通过上传早期的证据证明了