2022-2023学年四川省绵阳南山中学高三下学期开学考试英语试题.docx

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1、绵阳南山中学2023年春高三下学期入学考试英语试题注意事项:1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷 上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最

2、佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?B.9. 18.C.9. 15.A19. 15.答案是C。1. What will the speakers do?A. Buy a gift.B. Move house.C. Hold a party.2. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Neighbors.B. Brother and sister.C. Saleswoman and customer.3. What problem d

3、oes the man have with the Welsh language course?A. The grammar is difficult.B. His teacher speaks much too fast.C. It is hard to communicate with other people.4. Where does the conversation take place?A. At home.B. In a restaurant.C. In a shop.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. A program.B. A

4、 guitarist.C. A store.第二节（共15小题，每小题1. 5分,满分22. 5分）efforts one might expect of talented beginners working on their own. Today, polished work coming out of internships （实习期）at established laboratories is the norm.These professionalising tendencies are a natural consequence of the explosive growth of m

5、odern science. Standardisation and system make it easier to manage the rapid flow of papers, applications and people. But there are serious downsides. A lot of unproductive effort goes into jumping through bureaucratic hoops （繁文缗节）.Of course, Einstein would have found his way to meeting modern stand

6、ards and publishing his results. Its scientific core wouldnt have changed, but the paper might not be the same taste to read.12. According to Richard Feynman, which statement about Einsteins 1915 paper is true?A. It attracted few professionals.B. It turned out to be comprehensible.C. It needed furth

7、er improvement.D. It was a classic in theoretical physics.13. What does the underlined word extraneous“ in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Unrealistic.B. Inaccurate.C. Unattractive.D. Irrelevant.14. According to the author, what is affected as modern science develops?A. The selection of young talents.B. The eva

8、luation of laboratories.C. The principle of scientific research.D. The application of research findings.15. Which would be the best title for this passage?A. How to write quality papers?B. Will science be professionalised?C. Could Einstein get published today?D. How will modern science make advances

9、?【答案】12.B13. D 14. A 15. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过引用物理学家的话以及现代科学爆炸式发展带来的专业化趋势来介 绍爱因斯坦1915年的名著广义相对论的基础，这篇论文读起来不一样的地方以及它可能不会在今天的 科学期刊上发表的原因。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的 “As the physicist Richard Feynman wrote, There was a time when the newspapers said that only 12 men understood the theory of relativity. I do bel

10、ieve there might have been a time when only one man did, because he was the only guy who caught on, before he wrote his paper. But after people read the paper a lot understood the theory of relativity in some way or other, certainly more than 12.（正如物理学家理查德费 曼所写：“曾经有一段时间，报纸上说只有12个人理解相对论。我相信或许确实有过只有一个

11、人懂相对论 的时候一一因为在这篇论文之前，只有爱因斯坦理解这个问题。但当人们读了这篇论文，会有很多人，绝 对超过12个，或多或少都对相对论有了一定理解。”）可知，爱因斯坦1915年的论文证明是可以理解的。 故选B项。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段划线词后句 “Worse, there are zero citations of previous scientists9 work, nor are there any graphics. Those features might make a paper not even get past the first editors.（更糟的是，

12、文章没有对前人 科学研究进行任何引用，也没有任何图表。这些缺失对如今的科学论文来说是致命的。这样的文章甚至都 不会被编辑送审。）可知，爱因斯坦的论文没有引用，也没有图表，在如今看来是很糟糕的，因此此处是说 他在论文中花大量篇幅进行的哲学讨论和张量微积分的阐述在今天被认为是无关紧要的，所以画线词词义 为“无关紧要的。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段 “These professionalising tendencies are a natural consequence of the explosive growth of modem science. Standardisatio

13、n and system make it easier to manage the rapid flow of papers, applications and people. But there are serious downsides. A lot of unproductive effort goes into jumping through bureaucratic hoops（繁文缗节）.”（这些专业化倾向是现代科学爆炸式发展的自然结果。标准化和系统使得管理文件、应 用程序和人员的快速流动变得更加容易。但也有严重的缺点。大量无用功都耗费在了突破官僚形式的层层 桎梏上。）可推断，在作

14、者看来，随着现代科学的发展，年轻人才的选拔受到了影响。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段的 “Albert Einsteins 1915 masterpiece The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity is the first and still the best introduction to the subject, but it probably wouldnt be publishable in a scientific journal today.”（阿尔伯特爱因斯坦1915年的杰作广义相对论的基础是对广义相对

15、论的第一 篇也是最好的介绍，但这篇文章可能不会在今天的科学期刊上发表。）”可知，第一段是总起，文章围绕着 这个问题展开论述，所以这篇文章最好的题目是“Could Einstein get published today?”（爱因斯坦的相对论今天能出版吗？）。故选C项。第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Change Negative Thought PatternsNegative thought patterns are a common concern which

16、 can affect our daily life including our emotions and behaviors. It is important to understand how to counter negative thinking in order to reduce these negative consequences.List your automatic negative thoughts. Thoughts are directly linked to our feelings and behaviors. Thus, our thoughts influen

17、ce how we feel, which influences how we behave. 16 Listing your negative thoughts helps increase your awareness about your thinking and can improve your ability to change your thoughts into healthier alternatives.Avoid using negative language. 17 Allowing negative thoughts to grow within your mind c

18、auses them to influence how you react to situations, which can produce negative results. Consciously make an effort to replace these words with will and can.18 Write a list of everything, no matter how big or small, that you are thankful for. Good examples include things like your family, lover, pet

19、s, comfortable home, etc. This will help you to appreciate how many positive things there are in your life because it requires you to shift your focus to what you have instead of what you do not have.Treat each day as a new opportunity to achieve a goal. Life gives you new chances and opportunities

20、at every moment. Setting goals for yourself can help to focus your energy on something positive instead of worrying about negative thinking. Start by identifying a few goals you want to work on in the next 6 months. Examples of goals could be: applying for a job, finishing school, getting more frien

21、ds, or anything else that you want to accomplish. 19Focus on your overall physical and mental health. If we are not feeling well physically or mentally, this could increase the amount of negative thinking we have. Better physical health is connected to happiness 20 Eat a well-balanced diet filled wi

22、th fruits, vegetables, protein, and vitamins. Try new and creative forms of working out like hiking, rock climbing, dancing, etc.A. Set a goal for yourself at the beginning.B. Acknowledge what you are grateful for.C. All three influence each other at once.D. Make goals that are achievable and realis

23、tic.E. Therefore, it is vital to take care of yourself.F. Be happy even if you are in troubled water.G. Stop using words in your mind such as wont and cant【答案】16. C 17. G 18. B 19. D 20. E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何改变消极思维模式。【16题详解】本艮据上文 “List your automatic negative thoughts. Thoughts are directly lin

24、ked to our feelings and behaviors. Thus, our thoughts influence how we feel, which influences how we behave.（列出你无意识的消极想法。思想直接与我 们的感觉和行为联系在一起。因此，我们的思想影响着我们的感觉，而感觉又影响着我们的行为）”可知， 上文提到思想影响着我们的感觉，而感觉又影响着我们的行为，即三者之间互相影响。故C选项“三者同 时相互影响”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据上文“Avoid using negative language.（避免使用消极的语言）”可知，本句承接上

25、文，举例说明消极语言 有哪些。故G选项“不要在心里使用像不会和不能这样的词语”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据后文 u Write a list of everything, no matter how big or small, that you are thankful for. Good examples include things like your family, lover, pets, comfortable home, etc. This will help you to appreciate how many positive things there are in y

26、our life because it requires you to shift your focus to what you have instead of what you do not have.（写 下所有你感激的事情，无论大小。好的例子包括你的家庭、爱人、宠物、舒适的家等等。这将帮助你欣赏 生活中有多少积极的事情，因为这需要你把注意力转移到你所拥有的，而不是你所没有的）”可知，本段的 主旨是认可所感激的事情。故B选项“承认你所感激的”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据上文 uTreat each day as a new opportunity to achieve a goal

27、. Life gives you new chances and opportunities at every moment. Setting goals for yourself can help to focus your energy on something positive instead of worrying about negative thinking. Start by identifying a few goals you want to work on in the next 6 months. Examples of goals could be: applying

28、for a job, finishing school, getting more friends, or anything else that you want to accomplish.（把 每一天都当成一个实现目标的新机会。生活每时每刻都给你新的机遇。为自己设定目标可以帮助你把精力 集中在积极的事情上，而不是担心消极的想法。首先确定几个你在未来6个月想要实现的目标。目标的例 子可以是：申请一份工作，完成学业，结交更多的朋友，或者其他任何你想要完成的事情）”可知，本段主 要说明了实现目标，D选项说明了目标的具体制定标准。故D选项“制定可实现和现实的目标”符合语境, 故选D。【20题详解】

29、I艮据上文 “Focus on your overall physical and mental health. If we are not feeling well physically or mentally, this could increase the amount of negative thinking we have. Better physical health is connected to happiness（关注你整 体的身心健康。如果我们在身体上或精神上感觉不舒服，这会增加我们消极想法的数量。更好的身体健康 与幸福息息相关）”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出照顾自己

30、的重要性。故E选项“因此，照顾好自 己是很重要的”符合语境，故选E。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选 项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。As I lay here in my hard 21 hospital bed, nobody could understand how 22 I wanted to leave this place. I 23 my mom to grab me my keys. On my keychain, there w

31、as a soft piece of leather. She gave me a（n） 24 look as if she thought I was going to drive myself home, but actually I just wanted to 25 the only thing that symbolized my true passion and 26 so many memories that transformed me as a person.Every time I 27 the leather I would think of one thing-28 .

32、The leather was made of my firstbaseball glove that I 29 so much. Lying in my bed with my eyes 30,1 was taken toa sports field.The freshly cut outfield grass was luscious green. The baselines were gleaming white and perfectly straight I heard a 31 of the judges speaking with the coaches and the pare

33、nts chattering （闲聊）.My teammates1 cleats（防滑车丁 ）were 32 as they walked across the dugout（球员 席）anxiously 33 the championshipgame. With a yell of “PLAYBALL”, I began a trot （小跑）out to my home at first base and everything 34 smoothly.35 my nurse walked in and I jumped when I heard her voice. She didnt m

34、ean to 36 me. but Ineeded some medicine and should get examined.37 my eyes open, the road trip that I was on in my brainwas now over. I was back to the 38 of medical devices and a swollen arm. I realized an hour had passed!Even in 39 times, the things and people you loved could help you escape and e

35、ven makeyour 4021. A. suitable22. A. obviously23. A. threatened24. A. annoyed25. A. removeB. awkwardB. badlyB. beggedB. delightedB. packC. amazingC. actuallyC. demandedC. confusedC. holdD. uncomfortableD. immediatelyD. suggestedD. relievedD. determine26. A. carried27. A. explored28. A. baseball29. A

36、. reserved30. A. shut31. A. sound32. A. striking33. A. admiring34. A. got35. A. All of a sudden36. A. require37. A. With38. A. challenge39. A. specific40. A. hourB. deliveredB. searchedB. gloveB. valuedB. closeB. mixB. crashingB. expectingB. turnedB. In the endB. confirmB. OnB. trackB. uniqueB. mome

37、ntC. contributedD. establishedC. gainedD. feltC. fieldD. grassC. stressedD. recommendedC. narrowedD. openC. noiseD. conversationC. attackingD. clickingC. playingD. applyingC. wentD. appearedC. Once in a whileD. Once upon a timeC. checkD. interruptC. DespiteD.AtC. realityD. systemC. curiousD. toughC.

38、 dayD. time【答案】2LD22. B 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 31.B 32. D 33. B34. C 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者描述了自己生病住院期间，最难熬的艰难岁月里，经常在梦中回忆起自己参加棒球比赛的快乐时光。【21题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：当我躺在病床上的时候，没有人能理解我有多想离开这个地方。A.suitable 合适的；B. awkward 尴尬的；C. amazing 惊人的；D. uncomfor

39、table 不舒服的。根据 “hard” 及 “hospital bed可知，作者躺在坚硬的医院的病床上，病床是不舒服的。故选D。【22题详解】本题考查语境判断之感情色彩。句意：当我躺在病床上的时候，没有人能理解我有多想离开这个地方。A.obviously 明显地；B. badly 非常,很；C. actually 实际上;D. immediately 立即地。根据 “ As I lay here in myhard L hospital bed,“可知,作者躺在坚硬的医院的病床上，非常不舒服，非常想离开医院。故选B。【23题详解】 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意:我请求我妈把钥匙给我。A.

40、 threatened威胁;B. begged请求;C. demanded要求；D. suggested 建议。根据 As I lav here in mv hard 1 hospital bed.” 可矢口,作者生病不能开车, 所以作者请求妈妈把钥匙拿给他。故选B。【24题详解】本题考查语境判断之感情色彩。句意：她困惑地看了我一眼，好像她以为我要自己开车回家，但实际上我 只是想抱着那唯一象征着我真正激情的东西，那东西承载着那么多改变我作为一个人的回忆。A. annoyed 生气的；B. delighted 高兴的；C. confused 困惑的；D. relieved 放松的。根据 “As

41、I lay here in myhard 1 hospital bed, nobody could understand how 2 I wanted to leave this place.” 可矢口， 作者当 时躺着医院的病床上，他的身体状况并不适合出院。因此，作者的妈妈非常迷惑为什么作者要车钥匙。故 选C。【25题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：她困惑地看了我一眼，好像她以为我要自己开车回家，但实际上我 只是想抓住那唯一象征着我真正激情的东西，那东西承载着那么多改变我作为一个人的回忆。A. remove去 除;B. pack打包;C.hold抓住;D. determine决定。跟

42、据语境及该空后的“the only thing”可知,此处指抓 住东西。故选C。【26题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：她困惑地看了我一眼，好像她以为我要自己开车回家，但实际上我 只是想抱着那唯一象征着我真正激情的东西，那东西承载着那么多改变我作为一个人的回忆。A. carried携 带；B. delivered 交付；C. contributed 贡献；D. established 建立。 根据 “so many memories that transformed me as a person.可知，此处指那个柔软的皮革携带（承载）了作者美好的回忆。故选A。【27题详解】本题考查语境

43、判断之其他线索。句意：每当我触摸皮革，我就会想到一件事一一棒球。A. explored探索；B. searched 搜索；C. gained 获得；D. felt 触摸。根据 “The leather was made of my fist baseball glove thatI9.s。much.”可知,作者提到了这块钥匙上的皮革的材料是由棒球手套做的，因此，此处强调这块皮革的手感，是作者触摸到。故选D。【28题详解】本题考查语境判断之原词再现。句意：每当我触摸皮革，我就会想到一件事一一棒球。A. baseball棒球；B. glove 手套；C. field 田地；D. grass 草。根

44、据下文“The leather was made of my fist baseball glove that I 9 so much.”可知，每当摸到皮革，作者都会想到棒球。故选A。【29题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我的第一个棒球手套是皮革做的，我非常珍惜它。A.reserved保留;B. valued 珍惜；C. stressed 强调；D. recommended 推荐。that symbolized my true passion and 6 so many memories that transformed me as a person. 可知，作者非常珍惜。故选 B。

45、【30题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意:我闭着眼睛躺在床上，被带到运动场。A. shut关闭的；B.close近 的；C. narrowed 窄的；D. open 开放的。根据“ I was taken to a sports field. The freshly cut outfield grass was luscious green.”可知I,作者闭上眼睛，回忆起自己健康时参加棒球比赛的场景。故选A。【31题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我听到裁判们在说话，教练和家长们说话的混杂声音。A. sound声音; B. mix 混合； C. noise 噪音； D. conv

46、ersation 谈话。 根据 u speaking with the coaches and the parents chattering v 可知，作者听到的是评委与教练及家长们说话的混杂(mix)声音。故选B。【32题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：当我的队友们穿过教练席时，他们的球鞋发出咔哒咔哒的声音，焦 急地期待着冠军赛的到来。A. striking引人注目;B. crashing崩溃；C. attacking攻击；D. clicking发出咔嚓 声。根据MyteammatesPeats”可知，作者的队友们穿的鞋带有防滑钉，这种材质的鞋会发出咔嚓声。故 选D。【33题详解】本

47、题考查语境判断之感情色彩。句意：当我的队友们穿过教练席时，他们的球鞋发出咔哒咔哒的声音，焦 急地期待着冠军赛的到来。A. admiring欣赏；B. expecting期待；C.playing玩；D.applying应用。结合语境 及该句的“anxiously”可知，此处指作者的队友们焦急的期盼比赛到来的心情。故选B。【34题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：随着“打球”的一声大叫，我开始小跑回本垒，一切都进行得很顺 利。A.got 得到;B. turned 转身;C. went 进行;D. appeared 出现。根据With a yell of “PLAYBALL”, I began

48、 a trot (小跑)out to my home at first base”可知，此处指棒球比赛一切进展顺利。故选C。【35题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：突然，我的护士走了进来，我听到她的声音吓了一跳。A.AHofasudden 突然；B. In the end 最后；C. Once in a while 偶尔；D. Once upon a time 从前。根据 “my nurse walked in and I jumped when I heard her voice可知，护士的突然(All of a sudden)到来，打断了作者的回忆。故选A。【36题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：她不是有意要打断我，但我需要一些药，应该去检查一下。A. require 需要；B. confirm 确认；