022023年高考英语完形填空解题技巧（新高考专用.原卷版）.docx

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1、2023年高考英语完型填空高分技巧（新高考专用.原卷版）名目一、解题核心思维：2二、单词不熟悉怎么办？ 31、文中单词不熟悉32、题干上的单词不熟悉3训练两个习惯4三、词性解题法41、动词题42、名词题63、形容词、副词84、连词题95、短语题13四、篇章结构解题法151、文章U型结构解题152、分段首句出题163、谈论文和说明文（首段为文章中心）164、记叙文：花朵文（传播主旋律、价值观、正能量17五、特殊句型解题法23主系表结构解名词和形容词题23宾补解形容词题24被动句解动词题24六、答案检查大法241、答案均分规律242、答案相连概率255、反义选项二选一25文章中给连词。（可用该连词

2、题来解动词，名词等）第1步推断连词的全都性或相反性。第2步：在相应的关系下，进行选择。（2）连词的两种关系转折关系1 . although though even though even if whilebut yet however whereas但是 still 仍 I日 as钱包丢了，但是我很快乐=钱包丢了，我still很快乐。2 . unless （除非）你考不上高校，除非 你好好学习。3 .祈使句+or （否那么） 好好学习，”你考不上高校,4 .时间先后提示规律上的相反关系before after不好好学习，我考上了好高校。你不能从图书馆借书，你有图书卡。unless, after

3、）5 . rather than （而 不是）我们喜爱好同学， 坏同学。adj. adv. ing/ ed +as+主语 + 系动词 （Young as he is.虽然他很年轻）最简洁错误的几个关系。1 instead ：全都关系上下句含有反义词的全都关系。赵老师没有放弃，赵老师更加努力。2、in fact事实上：全都or相反赵老师没有放弃，赵老师更加努力。全都）赵老师很难看，他没有那么难看。（相反）关于and与butA and Band连接句子，是全都关系，着重考虑两个动词的挨次and前后是单词或短语，可以是全都，也可以是相反同义、近义和反义词）【举例】探讨一下的利and弊，/得and失b

4、ut前后肯定相反关系。但是需要填的词，可能是可能是同义，可能是反义。原句：小王养金鱼，但是but）小李不养金鱼。（填入的“不养金鱼和“养金鱼相（填入的“小李和“小王相近）题1：小王养金鱼，但是but）小李 o反）题2：小王养金鱼，但是but） 不养金鱼。【例1】北京卷She had an unpleasant voice and a direct way of speaking, she was encouraging and inspiring.A.andB.yet C.so D.for【例2】全国卷I soon realized that the silence was not unple

5、asant. 58 if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less.A.LastlyB.ThusC.Instead【例3】辽宁卷Then I told her about the business meeting.47, my explanation seemed to make things worse, which started to drive me mad as well.A.HoweverB. ThereforeC. MoreoverD. Otherwise【例4】新课标I thought t

6、o myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was 38 ahead of me.A.stillB. also C. yet D. just【例5】全国三卷When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say sorry, wrong number! ” and move on. But when Dennis Williams _42

7、_ a text that clearly wasnt intended fbr him, he did something _43_.42.A. receivedB. translatedC. copiedD. printed例6天津卷Now I may still not be the most 18, social person, but Fve bee better at oral presentations.I 19 read my poetry out loud at a reading club.A.seriousB.outgoingC.nervous D. hardworkin

8、g【例7】全国一Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress,! was excited.A. slowB. steadyC. normal D. obvious例8天津卷That summer, When the other teams enjoyed their vacations , we met every day and28passing and kicking the football.28. A. riskedB. missedC. consideredD. practiced【例9】天津卷I felt that it wo

9、uld be a _31for us even if we lost the game.A. shameB. burdenC. victoryD. favor【例10北京卷Sometimes Id get 45 and take a shot at the wrong direction-which made me feel really stupid.A mitted B. motivated C. embarrassed D. confused5、短语题（1）短语题的定义【形式】核心理解：动词+介词/副词短语题定义：不等于两局部的简洁叠加，肯定要发生变化。【留意】介词/副词在动词短语中表示

10、“方向或关系。高效率的背词组，按介词和副词来背。go to cut down不是短语题中的短语，cut up是短语，由于cut up （切碎）#ut+up（2）解题步骤第1步：翻译空格前后的内容，猜测此处的最正确汉语意思。穷尽原那么）第2步：看各个选项中的介词or副词，看哪个副词or介词能够反映最正确汉语意思。（最起码要做到不冲突，排解干扰选项12）第3步：看选项中的动词，看哪个动词能够反映最正确汉语意思。(3)必备学问：各个介词的含义(8个)带ON词组：持续，连续，在某方 面，关于，接触。get on (get off) put on (put off)带OFF别离，结束，开头 set of

11、f (开头动手) 为什么结束和开头， 哲学的角度：一件事 情的结束，就是另外 一件事情的开头。带OUT向外，超越， 发生，消失， 出来，开头UP向上，到达，消失Over结束，超越；贯穿和经受for支持；为了；持续to/ toward到达；相对against反对；相对，对应up downon offfor agaistat toover out【例1】全国1卷I idea of the classA put forward Bjump at Ctried out Dturn down第1步：我产生，消失，提出，蹦出，涌现出一个想法第2步：看副词和介词：ABC可以。第3步：看动词：B选项例2北京卷

12、At the state petition, Lola didnt fall _47_ the beam （平彳断木）.In fact, she got an 8.1 out of 10 her highest score yet.A. to B. on C. off D. against【例3】江苏卷Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been 36 to pay lawyers9 fees.A. drawn up B. used u

13、p C. backed up D. kept up【例4】天津卷Kate heard a mans voice in the background, but she couldnt what he was saying.A.set aside B.take backC.make out D.keep off假如仅仅凭借动词就可以做出来的题目，就认为是动词题，不作为动词短语题来解答 【例5】天津卷The old team had no coach, and they didnt even practice to 20 the game.A. cheer forB. prepare forC. h

14、elp withD. finish with四、篇章结构解题法1、文章U型结构解题记叙文：两种类型U型，直线型U型：首段提出问题中间经过困难和挫折最终皆大高兴或者有教育意义全国二卷（中间段）Getting a little fcloser） , I realized one kayak 皮戈U艇） was in _47_. ” Somethings not47. A. troubleD. battleB. advanceC. question48. A. realB. rightC. fairD. fit天津卷（最终一段）A year later, I 19 my goal: I lost 1

15、50 pounds and raised $50,000! I feel that Ive been given a second life to devote to something that is 20 and enormous.19 .A. setB. reached C. missedD. dropped20 .A. stressful B. painfulC. meaningful D. peaceful2、分段首句出题分段首句出题，除了采纳词性解题法外，还有一种选择可以采纳总分对比法，即整段其他题 目做完后，再总结。【例1】全国1The following term, I 56

16、an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was prohibited . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.Instead, if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the new way of munication it opens.56. A. missedB. passedC. gave

17、up D. registered for3、谈论文和说明文（首段为文章中心）解此类文章的三个技巧：文章首段首句一般不出题文章中心）。*假如出题，也是后半句：假如不是中心，会有一个but,依据规律关系可以推出。分段首句出题：总分对比（看首首+看后面）；看后文。任何一题不会做，回过头来看首句。4、记叙文：花朵文（传播主旋律、价值观、正能量）1 .跳读首尾句进行猜测一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便可推断体裁, 猜测它要讲什么。假设首句交代了 when, where, who, what,即四个W,那么就是记叙文， 很可能就是一个故事;假设首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一

18、般来说是说明文;假设首句提出 一个论点，那么就是谈论文。首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对文章主题 的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。本文主要叙述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员Evelyn Glennie在耳聋的状况下胜 利学习打击乐器的经受。依据首句给出的信息，下面我们可以猜测Evelyn Glennie学习打击 乐器过程必定布满困难，而能够在耳聋的状况下学习打击乐器，Evelyn Glennie对音乐确定 也是布满热忱的。2 .利用语法分析解题完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也有局部考查语法工程的题目。对于这类

19、题，考生可 以利用平常所学的词汇学问，分析单词（组）的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物，并利用句子 结构、句式特点等学问全面衡量全部选项排解干扰。如：8 I had been born in the 16th century, I would have had no job.A. Because B. While C. If D. Since3 .利用固定搭配解题完形填空题中对词汇学问的考查，主要表达在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。 习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语，不能随便改动。所以，考生平 常应把握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较

20、大 的词汇量和词语搭配力量、词语辨析力量，特殊是在特定的语境中能敏捷运用的力量。如:They couldnt read or write. They didnt like to work and they never 12 baths.A. took B. washed C. ran D. covered4 .利用固定句型解题完形填空虽然留意考查语境理解，但同时也会考到一些固定句型，考生把握好这些句型, 对确定题目的答案很有关心。如：It wasnt long 18 the police caught the thief.A. after B. when C. before D. until5

21、 .利用复现信息解题语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复 现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同 时消失，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文查找解题信息, 确定正确答案。如：I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasnt empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And th

22、en on the wellmade bed sat Amy, my new 44, dressed neatly.A. roommate B. classmate C. neighbor D. panion6 .利用跳读法解题一般而言，完形填空要填的20空中总有一些空是相对简洁的。对于这类空格考生可以 先将其确定下来，之后再逐个去突破其他空。跳过那些不太简洁得出答案的题。切忌做题时 循规蹈矩地一个顺着一个地去完成。如：“Visitors!” repeated Josh, wideawake at once. He 1 up and looked around. A shortdistance

23、 away, a group of 2 stood quietly watching us. One of them 3 walking toward us. We both jumped to our 4 not knowing what to expect.1. A. sat B. stayed C. thought D. put2. A. pilots B. natives C. editors D. assistants3. A. avoided B. delayed C. began D. desired4. A. boat B. car C. horses D. feet7 .巧用

24、排解法解题在有些状况下，考生假如不能很有把握地直接得出某一道题的答案，可以把排解法和词汇、语法分析结合起来运用，缩小选择的范围，提高正确率。如：The woman looked carefully at me 5 through her glasses, and then questioned me in a low voice.A. as usual B. for a while C. in a minute D. once again8 .利用规律关系解题尝试从规律关系的高度整体上把握，就会不无惊喜地发觉规律关系才是制服完形填空的 最正确途径。所谓规律关系并不缥缈，它就隐蔽在句子中、句与句

25、之间以及段落与段落的连 接中。通过规律关系的方法，我们可以通过准确、详细的线索，把答案的规律意义推想出来， 从而在答案中查找表现了相同规律意义的选项。这样做，使得题目的难度大大降低。 (1)句中规律关系Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elementsusually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and 45 nitrogen. They are different in that their elements are arranged differently,and each vitamin p

26、erforms one or more specific functions in the body.A. mostly B. partly C. sometimes D. rarely(2)句间规律关系七、高考真题26L 2023年2月四省联考262. 2023年1月浙江卷273. 2022年新高考1卷294. 2022年新高考2卷305. 【2021年6月新高考1卷】 316. 【2020山东卷】32-、解题核心思维:每一个问题都是有依据的【解答步骤】要求同学阅读并翻译每一句话，并在空白处找出答案；不存在题目的全句，必定与题目有关；完形填空法的解答受到“滞后原那么的制约，选择简洁的，可以先

27、填写，无法确定的， 可以将其搁置一旁，只有看完最终的重点，才有可能解决问题！（也就是说，全部的问题, 都有一个共同的答案：反之亦然；最有可能的是，在解决问题之前，先把题目放在一边。）【解题原理】倪萍规律今年的春节联欢晚会突出了 的主题A.【消退解惑】为什么选A不选B? 由于A有线索和依据，而B没有 由于A的线索和依据比B多在此，我们发觉所谓规律关系并不抽象，它往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的 规律关系词来表达。当然，句子的规律关系也不肯定表达在一句话的内部，它还可以渗透到 篇章的层面上，在句与句之间表现出来。如：Ms Cleveland does not keep her workers

28、 on a short leash.13, she encourages them to get14 ways to do business.A. Still B. Yet C. Instead D. While(3)段间规律关系这种规律关系主要表达在段落之间的连接上。如：Not everyone sees that process in perspective. It is important to do so.It is generally recognized,29, that the introduction of the puter in the early 20th century

29、, followed by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, although its impact in the media was not immediately apparent.A. indeed B. hence C. however D. therefore9 .巧用背景常识解题在答复完型填空问题的时候，有些时候，文章给出的信息是不充分的，还要综合考虑读 者大脑中所存储的学问，最终得出与常理相全都的最优答案。所以，考生的学问范围越大, 就会

30、更简洁理解文章，从总体上了解所选短文在说些什么，这样就能更好地完成局部上的每 一个空。所以，在做完型填空题目时，英语的根底学问以及对世界的了解，就显得尤为重要。当对语言的把握不很精确?时，可充分利用自己已把握的文化背景和生活常识，奇 妙地加以运用，先找出并理解文章主题和主线，并依据主题猜测细节，留意从重复消失的词 语中查找、体会文章表达的气氛。这样将会大大简化简单的分析与推断过程，节约珍贵的时 间，顺当地沿作者的思路阅读下去。如：After 2 the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before t

31、heystarted the 950mile journey back.A. growing B. putting C. planting D. laying10 .利用比照结构解题比照结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比拟或比照。高 考完形填空题经常利用句子之间的比照关系或者同一个句子的不同局部之间的比照关系设 计题目。如：A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than apupil who does his homework in a s

32、mall, noisy room with the television on.A. furnished B. expensive C. fortable D. suitable11 .利用平行结构解题平行结构指的是结构相同或相像，意思亲密关联，语法全都的句子或词组成串排列的语 言现象。这些结构的形式整齐均匀，内容联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相像这一角度，利用其表现意义的关联或比照这一特 点来设空。高考完形填空短文经常会消失这样一些平行结构，把握这些结构极为相像的句子 可大大提高我们的解题效率。如：panies with low accident rates plan their

33、safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them 42 and active.A. alive B. vivid C. mobile D. diverse12 .利用示意和对应解题完形填空题中虽然也穿插了对语法、短语和单词的辨析、句子结构的考查等，但对文章 故事情节开展线索的规律考查仍是重点。示意与上下对应的思维方法，是突破此类完形填空 最关键的思维方式。考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后句 的意思联系起来理解，进行符合规律的推理推断。难选之处前后

34、通常多有示意，这种示意多 为后面示意前面。如：.he would join student groups to discuss a variety of 47: agriculture, diving andmathematics.A. questions B. subjects C. matters D. contents13 .依据文章的感情颜色解题考生在第一遍通读时，应在把握文章大意，弄清作者思路的根底上，着重查找反映语境 褒贬性的标志性词汇或句子，这些标志性词汇或句子往往对文章的语境褒贬性起着打算性的 作用。如：I was so surprised that I was 47(spee

35、chless). My cousin must have made an effort to gethimself into shape.48(As a result), at the point in our game when Id have predicted the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was 49(instead) 7 to 9 and Ed was 50 (leading).14 .综合利用各种线索解题完形填空题主要考查短文阅读理解的力量。因此考生必需阅读全文，弄清句子与句子之 间的关系，精确?理解全文。为了答好题，考生

36、必需从字里行间查找能够利用的线索。 如书写和形态变化线索(graphic and morphological clues)词汇线索(lexical clues)、句法线索 (syntactical clues)社会文化线索(sociocultural clues),并依据有关的线索进行猜测，作出合 理的推断。如：And the clerk confirmed that his plane was leaving at nine oclock three days from that day. Since he was 44 in three days, Andy didnt lose any

37、time.A. moving B. returning C. staying D. leaving举例：(10广东)Every country has its own culture.Even though each country uses doors. .Doors many have 21 functions and purposes which lead to 22 differences.When I first came to America, I noticed that a public building had two different 23 and they had di

38、stiFnct functions. You have to push the door with the word PUSH” to go out of the building and to pull the door with the word PULL” to 24 the building. This was new to me, because we use the 25 door in south Korea. For quite a few times I failed to go out of a shopping centre and was embarrassed.The

39、 way of using school bus doors was also 26 to me .1 used to take the school bus to classes. The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors, 27 who were getting off the bus should get off first, and students who were getting on should get on 28 . In south Korea, we do no

40、t need to wait for people to get off. One morning, I hurried to the bus ,and when the bus doors opened, I 29 tried to get on the school bus through the front door. All the students around looked at me, I was totally 30,and my face went red.五、特殊句型解题法主系表结构解名词和形容词题主系表中，表语假如是n,主语和表语是等同关系。She is a nurse.

41、假如是 adj,考察修饰关系。The box is useful, the useful box【例1】全国三卷What a _58 this young man was to our family! He was so sweet and kind to do this.A. pityB. blessingC. reliefD. problem宾补解形容词题宾语补足语中的adj.（看宾语和此adj之间的修饰关系）【例1】全国一卷In his introduction, he made it 9 that our credits would be hardearned.A .real B. p

42、erfect C. clear D. possible 2019江苏卷She _refused_ to live with male cranes, and even had a _.reputationfor killing some ofthem, which made it 10 for her to bee a mother.10. A.illegalB.inspiringC.important D.impossible被动句解动词题【例1】全国3卷Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking we

43、bsite _57 by the touching words: What a blessing this young man was to our family! He was so sweet and kind to do this. nA. confirmed B. simplifiedC. clarifiedD. acpanied六、答案检查大法1、答案均分规律 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D作用：可以关心我们最终检查。如最终统计选项的个数，假如某个选项N8个，确定有答案错了。2、答案相连概率相邻两个答案完全相同的概率较低，即消失AA, BB, CC, DDo （即使有，20个答案 中一

44、般不超过两次，且不同，即第一次是AA,其次次确定不行能是AA）。相邻三个答案完全相同的概率几乎为0,即消失AAA, BBB, CCC, DDD。5、反义选项二选江西卷“I know its _40_ fbr you, Mum said softly. But Pm just worried other people might thinkwere a little. strange. And then they would make fun of you.”40. A. fairB. easyC. goodD. hard全国卷give away) gloves. During the rest

45、 of the year, he 27 gloves.A. BorrowsB. sellsC. returnsD.buys江苏卷49 on the mountain, my most valuable possessions were my 50 with my neighbors.A. UpB. DownC. DeepD. Along6、形似选项二选全国一It was (impossible ) for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joes _50 was pullingSimon slowly towards the pre

46、cipice(峭壁).A. heightB. weightC. strengthD. equipment天津卷“Just think, my little girl, only ten dozen left for each of us and then were 24A. lostB. doneC. goneD. touched7、同义选项二选一或全排解全国卷Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was _41along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42.41. A. walkingB. touringC. travelingD. rushing福建卷He could have gone on regretting it, 44too many of us do.B. onceC. ifD. while七、高考真题1. 2023年2月四省联考阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的 最正确选项。Dr. Smith of New York works at a center for children who cant learn well. One day a