高一英语教案下学期句子成分外语学习语法 _外语学习-英语学习.pdf

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1、学习必备 欢迎下载 句子成分 组成句子的各个组成部分叫句子成分:主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,补语,同位语.1.主语:是一个句子所叙述的主体.可由名词,代词,数词,不定式,动名词,等表示.a.名词:Professor Zhang is a famous scientist.b.代词:We often speak English in class.C.数词:Two times five is ten.d.不定式:To master English is useful.e.动名词:Smoking does harm to the health.2.谓语:说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征或状态.

2、He practices running every morning.She takes care of her mother.We are student.3.表语:用以说明主语的身份,特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如:be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后.a.My teacher of English is an American.b.Is it yours?c.The weather has turned cold.学习必备 欢迎下载 d.The speech is exciting.e.The job is to teach English.4.宾

3、语：动作行为的对象，说明主语做什么。a.They speak English.b.He asked me to come back soon.c.He practices speaking English every day.双宾语：A.直接宾语:表示动作的承受者或结果,通常指物.B.间接宾语:表示动作所向的或所为的人或物,通常指人.Lend me your dictionary,please.The company sent us a few computers last year.He sent a birthday gift to me yesterday.4.宾补：补充说明宾语。(宾语

4、和宾补之间有逻辑上的主谓关系）宾语+宾补叫复合宾语，复合宾语有以下几种类型：a 名词（代词）+不定式 b 名词（代词）+分 词 c 名词（代词）+名 词 d 名词（代词）+行容词 a.名词（代词）+不定式 John asked me to help him.个句子所叙述的主体可由名词代词数词不定式动名词等表示名词代词数词不定式动名词谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征或状态表语用以说明主语的身份特征和状态它一般位于系动词如等之后学习必备欢迎下载宾语动作行为的通常指人宾补补充说明宾语宾语和宾补之间有逻辑上的主谓关系宾语宾补叫复合宾语复合宾语有以下几种类型名词代词不定式名词代词分词名词代词名词名词代

5、词行容词名词代词不定式学习必备欢迎下载名词代词分词现在分词表示词短语或从句学习必备欢迎下载状语修饰动词形容词副词或整个句子说明动作或状态特征的句子成分地点状语程度状语时间状语条件状语伴随目的状语同位语位于名词或代词后面说明它们的性质和情况学习必备 欢迎下载 Let him go home.I have a lot of homework to do.b.名词（代词）+分词（现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动）I found him standing at the gate.She could feel her heart beating violently.At that time we we

6、re there and saw it done.c.名词（代词）+名词（作宾补的表示独一无二的职位前不加 the.)They appointed her head of the English Department.They made him captain of the ship.We elect him our chairman.d.名词（代词）+形容词 We must keep the room clean.We found her busy.I found the story interesting.5.定语:修饰名词或代词的词短语或从句.This is a red car.Chin

7、a is a developing country;America is a developed country.Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.He is reading an article about how to learn English.个句子所叙述的主体可由名词代词数词不定式动名词等表示名词代词数词不定式动名词谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征或状态表语用以说明主语的身份特征和状态它一般位于系动词如等之后学习必备欢迎下载宾语动作行为的通常指人宾补补充说明宾语宾语和宾补之间有逻辑上的主谓关系宾语宾补叫复合

8、宾语复合宾语有以下几种类型名词代词不定式名词代词分词名词代词名词名词代词行容词名词代词不定式学习必备欢迎下载名词代词分词现在分词表示词短语或从句学习必备欢迎下载状语修饰动词形容词副词或整个句子说明动作或状态特征的句子成分地点状语程度状语时间状语条件状语伴随目的状语同位语位于名词或代词后面说明它们的性质和情况学习必备 欢迎下载 6.状语:修饰动词,形容词,副词,或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分.They often draw in the park.(地点状语)He likes reading English very much.(程度状语)I saw Tom two days ago.

9、(时间状语)I shall go there if it doesnt rain.(条件状语)She came in with a book in her hand.(伴随)I get up early so that I can catch the bus.(目的状语)7.同位语:位于名词或代词后面,说明它们的性质和情况 We young people should respect the old.He himself will do the work.He is the oldest among them four.个句子所叙述的主体可由名词代词数词不定式动名词等表示名词代词数词不定式动名词谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征或状态表语用以说明主语的身份特征和状态它一般位于系动词如等之后学习必备欢迎下载宾语动作行为的通常指人宾补补充说明宾语宾语和宾补之间有逻辑上的主谓关系宾语宾补叫复合宾语复合宾语有以下几种类型名词代词不定式名词代词分词名词代词名词名词代词行容词名词代词不定式学习必备欢迎下载名词代词分词现在分词表示词短语或从句学习必备欢迎下载状语修饰动词形容词副词或整个句子说明动作或状态特征的句子成分地点状语程度状语时间状语条件状语伴随目的状语同位语位于名词或代词后面说明它们的性质和情况