英语八年级下册第二单元语法知识.docx

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1、英语八年级下册第二单元语法知识1. r v run out of it,我已经把它用完了。run out of表示用完，用光，其主语一般是人。【拓展】run out of还可表示从跑出来”。Billran out of the room. Bill 从房间里跑出来。run构成的短语还有run away 逃走run after 追赶run intodifficulties 遇至!困难【彳列题】()When your money, please come to me forsome.A.runs out of B. runs out C. is running out of D. is run o

2、ut2. come up with 提出，想出(1)表示想出或提出，相当于think ofI think shecan come up with a good idea(2)come upwith 还可表示赶上，相当于 catch up with.We shouldstudy hard to come up with them【彳列题】()We must a plan to improve your math.A.pick up B. catch up with C. come up with D. make up3. give out分发，发放【拓展】give构成的短语还有：give awa

3、y赠给，赠送 give in屈服，投降give up放弃give off发出(气味、光、热等)1.1 take aftermy mothe,我长得像我妈妈。【辨析】take after 与 look liketake after意为长得像，行为、性格等像，尤其是像自己的长辈。The boy takes after his father,这个男孩长得像他爸爸。look like可以用于所有场合，既可指人也可指物，仅指外表看上去像。The manlooks like our teacher.这个男的看起来像我们的老师。Therainbow looks like a bridge.彩虹看上去像一座桥

4、。【拓展】take构成的短语takeuptake off take placetake onestime take care【例题】（）-You ve really beautiful blond hair. -Thank you. I my mother.A. lookafter B. take after C. take from D. look for5 . set up创办，建立set up为副词短语,与start,establish同义They ve setup a company,他们创办了一家公司。与set相关的短语还有：set out动身，开始（做某事）set off出发，引起

5、，激发6 . imagine v.想象，假想；以为，认为imagine （ v.想象）-imagination （ n.想象）imaginative（adj,富于想象力的）7 .Lucky makes a big difference to mylife.Lucky 对我的生活产生了很大的影响。make a bigdifference意为对产生很大的影响，difference在此为影响的意思。【彳列题】（）The heavy snow didn t the internationalairlines.A. pay attention to B. addto C. make a differen

6、ce to D. keep to8 . You helped to makeit possible for me to have lucky.对我来说，有了你的帮助,我才有可能拥有 Lucky.it是形式宾语You madeit possible for me to catch up with others,你让我有可能赶上其他人。【例题】（）He found hard to go to sleep with thelight on.A. it B. that C. he D. him9 .help. out帮克服困难，帮分担工作Theteacher often helps his stude

7、nts out.那位老师经常帮他的学生解决问题。10 .be excited about.又寸兴奋r m excited about the game of Li Na.我又寸李?那的比赛感至!J兴奋。exciting修饰物重点语法：动词短语动词短语主要有以下四种构成形式：(1)动词+介词这类动词短语主要有：agree with, askfor, arrive at, hear of, look at, take after, listen to 等。这类动词后的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。fmlooking for my pen. Dontlaugh at the poor m

8、an.(2励词+副词这类动词短语有：find out, giveout, look up, put on, turn on/off, wake up, work out 等。这类动词后面的宾语是名词时，名词可放在副词前面或后面；宾语是代词时，代词只能放在副词前 面。Pleasepick up the pen.= Please pick the pen up.It tookhim two hours to work it out,(3)动词+形容词+介词这类动词短语有：be angry with,be busy with, be good for, be different from, be interested in,be good at 等。(4)动词+名词+介词这类动词短语有：have a look at,make friends with, pay attention to, take care of, look forward to 等。在这类动词短语中,宾语都放在介词之后。You shouldpay more attention to your pronunciation.