2021学年高二英语下学期入学考试试题一.docx

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1、2021学年高二下学期入学考试英语（一）本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分，其中试题卷由第I卷（选择题）和第n卷（非选择题）组成，满分io。分,考试时间100分钟。注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦 干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在题卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第I卷（选择题共75分）第一部分 听力测试（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、

2、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读 一遍。1. How is the woman going home?A. By car.B. On foot .C. By bus.2. WhatPaul doing now?Writing short stories.B. Collecting poems.C. Writing poems.3. At what time does the office open?A. 8:45.B. 8:15.C. 8:00.Where does the woman want to

3、 go?A A post office.B. A cinema.C. A park.5. What languages can Mary speak?A. Spanish and French.B. German and French.C. German and Spanish.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.

4、 What s the relationship between the man and the woman?C. 55 percent of people use facial expressions as non-verbal communication D. negative expressions are very easy to hide 13. The study discovers that .A. Easterners are likely to examine the eyes more attentivelyB. Easterners read facial express

5、ions more correctlyC. Westerners pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouthD. Westerners think facial expressions are universally understood14. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?A. The result of the study makes it difficult to do business.B. Only humans can convey through facia

6、l expressions.C. Negative emotions are easily reflected in the eyes.D. Current Biology financially supports the study. 15. The text is mainly about .A. facial expressions in businessB. how to convey negative expressionsC. facial expressions and social skillsD. how to increase cross-cultural understa

7、nding【答案】IL D 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述面部表情在商务关系中很重要。研究人员发现，非语言交流中，面部表情 占了 55%o消极的情绪容易从眼神里反映出来。此外，不同文化的人，关注面部表情的重点也不一样，例 如：东方人倾向于关注眼神，而西方人侧重整个面部。【11题详解】细节理解题。 根据第二段的 You only have seconds to make a first impression that can make or break a relationship in business. Since the face is

8、the first thing we notice about a person, it s vital to use your face to make that important connection.（你只有几秒钟的时间来留下第一印象， 这个印象可以决定生意上一段关系的成败。因为脸是我们注意到一个人第一件事，所以用你的脸来建立这 种重要关系是至关重要的。）可知，面部表情在建立生意关系上是非常重要的。D. facial expressions are very important in creating business connections （面部表情在创建生意关系中非常重要。）符合

9、以上 说法，故选D项。【12题详解】细节理解题。 根据第四段的 Genuine expressions of anger and surprise can be quite brief, lasting for only a few seconds.可知，真正愤怒和惊讶的表情可能是非常短暂的，只持续几秒钟。A. genuine expressions usually last for a short time （真正的表情通常只持续很短时间）符合以上说法，故选A 项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的 The study found that East Asian participant

10、s tended to focus on the eyes of the other person, while Western subjects took in the whole face, including the eyes and the mouth.（研究发现，东亚参与者倾向于关注对方的眼睛，而西方参与者则关注整个面部，包括眼睛和 嘴巴。）可推测，东方人可能更专注于检查对方的眼神。A. Easterners are likely to examine the eyes more attentively （东方人可能专注地检查眼睛。）符合以上推测，故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。

11、根据第三段的 People generally try to mask negative expressions such as disappointment, fear or envy, but these feelings are often reflected in their eyes （人们通常会试图掩饰失望、 恐惧或者嫉妒等消极的表情，但这些情绪往往会反映在他们的眼睛里或者向下的嘴角。）可知，消极的表 情容易反映在眼睛里。C. Negative emotions are easily reflected in the eyes.（消极的情绪容易从 眼神里反映出来。）符合以上说法，故

12、选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第二段In the business world, much emphasis is placed on your first words, but it isn t all about what you say. You only have seconds to make a first impression that can make or break a relationship in business. Since the face is the first thing we notice about a person, it

13、 s vital to use your face to make that important connection.（在 商业世界里，人们会把重点放在你的第一句话上，那并不只是关于你说了什么。你只有几秒钟的时间来留 下第一印象，这个印象可以决定生意上一段关系的成败。因为脸是我们注意到一个人第一件事，所以用你 的脸来建立这种重要关系是至关重要的。）可知，本文主要讲述了面部表情在商务中很重要。A. facial expressions in business （商务中的面部表情）符合以上说法,故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最

14、佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 16One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 17 We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing （力口强）connections betwe

15、en brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons（神经 元）in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day.8Now we have the most dire

16、ct evidence yet that he is right. 19 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.If Tononi, s theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night, s,

17、we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information 一 our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected

18、 and stayed the same size. 20 You keep what matters, “ Tononi says.A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.B. It s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.D. The processes take place to stop ou

19、r brains becoming loaded with memories.E. That s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.F. Sleep is the price we pay for learning, “ says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.G. Tononi s team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of

20、 12 mice.【答案】16. C 17. E 18. F 19. G 20. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了人和动物为什么需要睡眠的一些理论以及睡眠的重要性。【16题详解】根据前一句 When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.当实验室的老鼠不允 许睡觉时，一个月他们就死了，因此推断C项“同样，人几天不睡觉，也会生病”，人和动物对应起来， 死和生病形成对应，故选C。【17题详解】前一句提到的睡觉有助于帮助我们加强新的记忆，因此推断学生在学习新知识后如果有机会睡一觉，他们12/21在考试中就会表现得更好

21、，前后逻辑关系很顺畅，因果联系，故选E。【18题详解】该空为段尾句，是对该段前面内容的总结，同时，结合第四段第一句话中的代词he可以知道，该空中必 然包含一个人名，否则he就失去了所指对象，选项中包含人名的选项有F和G,但只有F选项能与第三段 的内容衔接.也就是说，睡眠会帮助清除一部分记忆，为新记忆腾出空间，按照研究人员Tononi的话说, 睡眠是我们为学习付出的代价。故选F。【19题详解】根据下文中提到的关键词synapses in the mice以及整个句子可知，他肯定做了关于老鼠的实验，G项 有关键词synapses, mice,都与他的实验有关,故选G。【20题详解】该空为尾段的倒数

22、第二句话，应该与其前后的句子意义连贯.该空前面一句里出现了 protect, stay,而 该空后面一句出现了 keep、matter,正好与选项B里的preserve和important呼应.也就是说，重要的 记忆会被保留下来。前后逻辑关系顺畅，故选B。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分20分）第一节 完形填空（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Not everyone around is easy to get on well with in your life. Ive

23、 always tried to keep my21 from people who are rude, aggressive and mean. But sometimes we can，t 22 having contact with people who might not have our best interests at heart.Last summer, I became involved with a（n）23 co-worker who was at a bad spot in hislife. I had a lot of 24 for him and decided t

24、o help him 25 this tough time, so I tried my best to tolerate his rudeness when he lost his temper. However, just like a swimmer drowning in a pool, he grabbed on and ended up drowning me when I 26 and tried to rescue him. His rudeness gradually was out of 27, One night, when I got up to get a glass

25、 of water,he started yelling at me to get back into my bedroom. I did as I was told but I was not happy about it. He 28 my change in mood and asked what was wrong. But when I told him his behavior toward me was 29 and that I was very hurt by the way he had treated me, he was surprised. He could not

26、understand his actions had a bad 30 on me. He told me he didn，t have anything31 me and that there was no need for me to 32 it. I used examples from his lifeof things that had hurt him and then tried to make the 33 that the same things also made me unfriendly. I said, “I always treat you with patienc

27、e, understanding and kindness, but you haven，t treated me with 34 respect. v He was silent after listening to my words. What I had said might 35 him.People only change if they want to change. I didn，t know whether he would change his opinionor21notA.in the future.differenceB.pressureC.absenceD.dista

28、nce22. A.riskB.escapeC.avoid23. A.bad-temperedB.kind-heartedC.easy-going24. A.adviceB.sympathyC.permission25. A.get acrossB.look afterC.make out26. A.reached outB.carried outC.gave out27. A.practiceB.actionC.control28. A.forgaveB.noticedC.ignored29. A. appropriateB. unnecessaryC. unacceptable30. A.e

29、ffectB.meaningC.content31. A.forB.withC.on32. A.mindB.doubtC.refuse33. A.summaryB.analysisC.comparison34. A.deservedB.provenC.promised35. A.annoyB.touchC.inspire【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27.A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与一个脾气不好的同事的相处过程。尽管不是所有的人都容易相处，但是相遇了，我们还是应尽力用

30、自己的耐心D. appreciateD. co-operativeD. selectionD. pull throughD. turned outD. dangerD. understoodD. traditionalD. viewD. againstD. praiseD. expectationD. intendedD. satisfyC 28. B 29. C 30.作者与同事的故事告诉我们：、理解和善良去帮助他们。【21题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我总是和粗鲁、好斗、刻薄的人保持距离。A. difference不同；B. pressure压 力；C. absence 缺席；D. dist

31、ance 距离。 根据空后的 people who are rude, aggressive and mean 可 知对于品行不太好的人，作者自然是与他们保持距离，故选D项。22题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：但有时，我们不可避免会和一些可能不关心我们最大利益的人有联系。A. risk冒 险；B. escape 逃避；C. avoid 避免；D. appreciate 欣赏。根据下文的 contact with people who might not have our best interests at heart.和常识可知，此处是指我们不可避免的会和一些不太好的人打 交道，故选C项。【23题

32、详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：去年夏天，我和一个脾气不好的人成为了同事，他的生活陷入了困境。A.bad-tempered 脾气不好的；B. kind-hearted 善良的；C. easy-going 随和的；D. co-operative 合作的。 根据下文中的his rudeness when he lost his temper可知，这个同事脾气不好，故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我对他非常同情并决定帮他度过难关，因此我尽力在他发脾气的时候忍耐他的粗鲁。A. advice建议；B. sympathy同情;C.permission许可；D.selection选择。根据语境及空后

33、的and decided to help him推测作者很同情同事的艰难处境，因此觉得伸出援手，故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我对他非常同情并决定帮助他度过难关，因此我尽力在他发脾气的时候忍耐他 的粗鲁。A. get across 通过；B. look after 照顾；C. make out 理解；D. pull through 渡过难关。根 据下文的this tough time可知，此处是指度过难关，故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，就像一个溺在水池中的游泳者一样，在我努力伸手去帮助他时，他抓住 我，并把我也拉下了水。A. reached out 伸

34、手（帮助）；B. carried out 实施；C. gave out 分发；D. turned out证明。根据空后的tried to rescue him可知，此处是指作者伸手去救他，故选A项。【27题详解】考查固定短语。句意：他的粗鲁渐渐不受控制。A. practice练习；B. action行为；C. control控制； D. danger 危险。不艮据下文中的 One night, when I got up to get a glass of water, he started yelling at me to get back into my bedroom.可知，作者的同事渐

35、渐不能控制自己的无礼（行为）。be out of control “失去控制”，该用法是固定短语，故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：他注意到了我情绪上的改变，并问我出了什么事。A. forgave原谅；B. noticed 注意；C. ignored忽略；D. understood明白。根据空后的and asked what was wrong和语境可知，此 处表示同事注意到了作者在情绪上的变化，故选B项。【29题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：当我告诉他，他对我的行为是难以接受的，并且我他对我的方式让我很受伤时， 他很惊讶。A. appropriate适当的；B. unnecessar

36、y没有必要的；C. unacceptable不能接受的；D. traditional传统的。根据空后的that I was very hurt可知，作者认为同事的行为让他不能接受，故选 C项。【30题详解】考查固定搭配。句意:他不能理解他的行为对我产生了不好的影响。A. effect影响；B. meaning意义； C. content内容；D. view观点。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语have a（ n） effect on sb.“对某人 有影响”，故选A项。【31题详解】考查介词辨析。句意：他说他并不是反对我，我也没有必要介意。A. for为了； B. with随着；C. on在 之上

37、；D. against 反对。 根据上文中的 He could not understand his actions had a bad on me 可知，同事并不是针对作者发脾气的，故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：他说他并不是反对我，我也没有必要介意。A. mind介意；B. doubt怀疑；C. refuse 拒绝；D. praise表扬。根据语境可知，同事发脾气并不是针对作者并且告诉作者没必要在意，故选A项。【33题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我从他的生活中选取了一些伤害他的例子，然后试图进行比较，同样的事情也会让 我变得不友好。A. summary 总结；B. analysi

38、s 分析；C. comparison 比较；D. expectation 期待。根据 空后的the same things可知，作者在此处作了对比，故选C项。【34题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：我说：“我总是耐心地对你，理解你并且对你友好，但你没有我应得的尊重来对 待我。 A. deserved应得的；B. proven已证实的；C. promised应允的；D. intended故意的。结合句 意可知，此处是指，作者对同事很好，但却没有得到应得的尊重，故选A项。35题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我所说的可能触动了他。A. annoy使恼怒；B. touch触动，感动；C. inspire激 励

39、；D. satisfy使满意。根据上文的He was silent after listening to my words可知，听了作者的话, 同事沉默了。由此可推知，作者的话或许触动了同事，故选B项。第H卷（共25分）第二节语法填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。16/21In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back to as far as 7, 000 years. The 36 (apply) of bamboo i

40、n science and technology is thrilling. In 251 BC, Li Bing, in Sichuan, 37 (lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs, in which bamboo played an important role. During the Han Dynasty, the people in Sichuan 38 (success) sank a 1,600-metre-deep well with thick bamboo ropes. This technology

41、did not spread to Europe until the 19th century, and it was by using the technology 39 the Americans drilled(钻)the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.Bamboo culture contributes to encouraging people to hold on when 40 (face) tough situations.【答案】36. application 37. led 38. successfully 39. that

42、40. facing【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国种植和利用竹子的历史。此外，竹子的精神一直鼓励人们，面对困 难要坚持。【36题详解】考查名词。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为句子主语，application作为“应用”时是可数名词，根据 谓语动词is判断用该名词的单数形式，故填applicationo【37题详解】考查时态。分析句子可知，设空处是主句谓语动词，由in 251 BC ”在公元前251年”判断为一般过去时, lead的过去式是led,故填led。【38题详解】考查副词。分析句子可知,此处应用success的副词修饰动词sank,故填successfully。【39题详解

43、】考查强调句。句意：该技术直到19世纪才传到欧洲，正是通过这项技术美国人于1859年在宾夕法尼亚州 钻了第一口油井。分析句子可知，本句去掉it was和设空处仍然是一个完整的句子，由此判断本句考查 强调句，其结构为“It is/was +强调部分+ that”(强调人时，可将that换成who),本句强调的是 方式状语 by using the technology,故填 that。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，设空处应填非谓语动词和when一起构成时间状语，逻辑主语people和 face之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填facing。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分20分）第一节

44、 短文改错（共5小题，每题1分，满分5分）41.下列短文中有五处语言错误，每处最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A ）,并在该词下面写出该加的词。修改：在错的词下划一横线，在该词下面写出改正后的词。注意：1、每处错误及修改均仅限一词。2、只允许修改5处，多者（从6处起）不计分。Nowadays, it is more and more competitive to get into Qinghua University and Beijing University. Firstly, they have better

45、 condition and qualified teachers. Students studied there can better develop themselves. Secondly, graduates from them usually find better jobs. Thirdly, schools and parents saw them as their highest goals, which pushes the trend greatly. As students, we shouldn，t take it too much seriously. You can

46、 also realize your dream even you are not admitted into the two universities.【答案】1. condition f conditions 2. studied f studying 3.saw f see4 .去掉much5 . even 后力口 if【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在考入清华和北大竞争激励的原因。此外，作者也鼓励学生，即使不 能被这两所学校录取，也可以实现自己的梦想。【详解】考查名词的数。condition 条件”是可数名词，结合语境和下文的teachers判断用该名词的复 数形式，故

47、将condition改为conditionso考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语students和study之间是 主动关系，应用现在分词，故将studied改为studying。考查时态。联系上下文可知，本文陈述客观事实，再结合上文的nowadays判断为一般现在时，主语是 schools and parents,谓语动词用复数，故将saw改为see。考查副词。too表示“太”，常修饰形容词或副词，而to。much表示“太多”，后面通常接不可数名词， 18/21根据句意可知此处用前者，故删除much。考查连词。句意：即使你没有被这两所大学录取，你也可以实现你

48、的梦想。根据句意可知,此处用even if 即 使”引导让步状语从句符合语境，故在even后加if。第二节 书面表达(满分15分)42. A friend in need is a friend indeed.是一句谚语。请根据自己的理解和经验，根据所给的 提示，以“交友之道”为题写一篇英语短文。提不：1 .每个人都需要朋友，如何交友(make friends)极为重要；2 .要交朋友，首先对别人要友好。微笑是吸引别人的吸铁石(magnet)；3 .设法记住别人的姓名等重要信息；4 .与别人有分歧时，不要争吵，要多商量；5 .不要相信那些在危急时刻背离朋友的人，因为“患难见真情”。注意：L词数100左右;6 .可适当增加