广东省2022-2023学年高三下学期3月一模英语试题 - 原卷板.docx

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1、2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟测试（一）英语试题本试卷满分120分。考试用时120分钟。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACheck out whats coming soon, and whats in development. Playbill will update these listings when new information is made available.THE COLLABORATION at Samuel J. Friedman Thea

2、treThe play tells a true story in New York. Fifty-six-year-old Warhol9s star is falling. Jean is the new wonder-kid taking the art world by storm. When Jean agrees to work together with Warhol on a new exhibition, it soon becomes the talk of the city. The two artists set foot on a shared journey, bo

3、th artistic and deeply personal, which redraws both their worlds.ALMOST FAMOUS at Bernard B. Jacobs TheatreBased on the 2,000 film of the same name, the musical features Pulitzer winner Kitt and a book by Crowe, who earned an Oscar award for penning the original film based on his own teenage experie

4、nce. The coming-of-age story tracks a 15-year-old music fan named William who follows the emerging band Stillwater on tour.THE PIANO LESSON at Ethel Barrymnore TheatreThe play is the fourth in Wilsons Century Cycle, which digs into the Black experience in every decade of the 20th century. Set in Pit

5、tsburghs Hill District in 1936, it centers around a brother and a sister involved in a battle over a piano carved with the faces of their ancestors.KIMBERLY AKIMBO at Booth TheatreKim is a bright and funny high school girl, who happens to look like a 72-year-old lady. And yet her aging disease may b

6、e the least of her problems. Forced to deal with family secrets, and possible crime charges, Kim is determined to explore happiness in a world where not even time is on her side. 21. What kind of play is THE COLLABORATION?A. A romance. B. A sci-fi story. C. A fairy tale. D. A life story.22. Which th

7、eatre should you visit if you want to learn about racial issues?A. Samuel J. Friedman Theatre.B. Bernard B. Jacobs Theatre.C. Ethel Barrymore Theatre.D. Booth Theatre.23. What can you see in both ALMOST FAMOUS and KIMBERLY AKIMBO?A. Struggles against crime charges.C. Award-winning performances.B. Cu

8、tting-edge film technology.D. Teenagers9 growth experiences.For some people, October is October. On October 5, Katmai National Park and Preserve in southern Alaska kicked off Fat Bear Week, when fans compare before and after photos of bears to vote for the one they think has gained the most weight b

9、efore they bed down for the long freezing winter. Bear 747, also known as “Bear Force One” , took the first-place spot with 68,105 votes. It weighed around 1,400 pounds.Fat Bear Week started in 2014. At first, it was just Fat Bear Tuesday. Mike Fitz, a former park keeper at Katmai, noticed that live

10、 webcams showing the bears generated a lot of online comments, so he let people vote for their favorite fat bear on the Internet. The one-day event attracted 1,700 votes. In 2015, it was extended to a week. Last year, nearly 800,000 people got involved, turning it into a global campaign.The contest

11、serves two main purposes. First, some of Americas national parks are in remote and undeveloped areas, which are difficult or costly to reach. Fat Bear Week brings Alaskas wilderness to fans computer screens. Its not limited to the fortunate few who can go to the river anymore. Fitz said.Second, Fat

12、Bear Week brings attention to the bears and the ecosystems they live in. The 2,200 bears of Katmai are strong for feeding on some of the healthiest salmon （三文鱼）in the world, said Sara Wolman, a former park keeper. Salmon in the Pacific Northwest are suffering from overfishing, dam construction and w

13、arming rivers due to climate change. Luckily, Brooks River, which Katmai9 s bears like to fish in, has been free from these threats so far.Fat Bear Week has spread like viruses. Fans and creators say its because it shows a conservation success story. For one week, people dont have to focus on climat

14、e change or habitat loss. Maybe things arent super great all the time in the world,M said Felicia Jimenez, who is a current Katmai keeper. But there are some really fat bears in Alaska.”24. Why was Bear 747 the winner?B. It was the most famous.A. It was the heaviest.C. It gained the most pounds.25.

15、What is the purpose of paragraph 2?A. To praise Mike Fitz for his work.C. To show the popularity of fat bears.D. It presented the best photos.B. To review the history of the event.D. To explain the role of live webcams.26. What can we learn about Katmai9 s bears?A. They bring tourists to the park.C.

16、 They remain difficult to be seen.B. They have a stable food source.D. They face a population decline.27. Which can be the best title for the text?A. Fat Bear Week: Conservation Is Joyful B. Brown Bears: Winter Survival Is Crucial C. Bear 747: A Fat Yet Healthy Champion D. Katmais Bears: A Special B

17、eauty ContestCA new study has found that a childs reading speed can be improved by simply increasing the space between letters within a piece of text. The research, led by Dr Steven Stagg of Anglia Ruskin University （ARU） , examined the benefits of letter spacing and coloured overlays （颜色标注） among c

18、hildren.Two groups of children, dyslexic （有阅读障碍的） and non-dyslexic children, were asked to read four texts with either standard or extra-large letter spacing, both with and without a coloured overlay. They were instructed to read the text out loud while being recorded. The recording was used to meas

19、ure the number of errors they made - specifically missed words, added words, wrong words, and pronunciation as well as the participants9 reading time. The study discovered that text with increased space between letters provided a benefit for both groups. On average, the dyslexia group showed a 13% i

20、ncrease in reading speed, while the group of non-dyslexic children showed a 5% increase. In addition to improving reading speed, it also resulted in a significant decline in the number of words missed by the children with dyslexia. However, the study found that coloured overlays had no significant i

21、mpact on reading speed or the reduction of errors for either group.Dr Stagg, Senior Lecturer in Psychology at ARU, said: We believe extra-large letter spacing works by reducing what is known as the crowding effect, which can hamper the recognition of letters and reduce reading speed.”“Our findings s

22、trongly suggest that teachers can be confident that all children would be helped by increased letter spacing in reading materials.n Dr Stagg added. While we found that coloured overlays provided little benefit, we suggest children should be encouraged to use overlays if they find these help their re

23、ading. Coloured overlays may not increase reading speeds, but they may extend reading stamina（持久力）.Previous research suggests their benefits may not become apparent if reading time is less than 10 minutes and the short reading duration of the tests in our study may have put coloured overlays at a di

24、sadvantage.28. Which of the following best describes the research process in Paragraph 2?A. Illustrate, group and report.B. Read, instruct and measure.C. Question, assume and prove.D. Categorize, record and count.29. What can we learn about increased letter spacing from Paragraph 3?A. It reduces rea

25、ding errors.B. It sharpens reading skills.C. It arouses reading interest.D. It enhances reading comprehension.30. What does the underlined word “hamper“ in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Obtain.B. Prevent.C. Change.D. Involve.31. What can be inferred about coloured overlays from Paragraph 5?A. They mi

26、ght not have been evaluated fairly.B. They might not be recommended by experts.C. They might work better in short reading.D. They might have some disadvantages.DLike any doctor, Jacques Fellay wants to give his patients the best care. Hidden inside our bodies are genetic（基因的）markers that can tell hi

27、m which patients could probably have diseases such as AIDS and provide early treatments. However, there are worries for Fellay: they contain sensitive details that could lead to embarrassment, discrimination or even worse.A new kind of encryption, fully homomorphic encryption （FHE）（全同态力口密），is making

28、 it possible for data users to run multiple operations on genetic data without seeing the contents. This can help end big datas privacy problem, and Fellays patients can be some of the first to benefit.In 1978, the concept of homomorphic encryption （HE） was firstly proposed. According to it, one cou

29、ld encrypt and share data with others, who could analyze and perform calculations on the data with no idea what it means. After getting the data back, the data user could simply arrive at the result using the secret key and it will make total sense.In 2009, Craig Gentry firstly provided a workable F

30、HE program. Like HE, it rests on a mathematical idea called a homomorphism, which mostly relies on using algebra（代数）to map data from one form to another without changing its underlying structure. However, it supports multiple operations on encrypted data, rather than only one calculation in HE.Later

31、, Gentry went on to work at IBM, which now has complicated FHE tools to run encrypted data. In the medical field, for example, it detected signs of COVID-19 infection by applying FHE to analyze the encrypted CT scans of more than 1, 500 peoples lungs. In a paper published in October 2021, the team u

32、sed FHE to collect data from multiple sources and predicted the effect of cancer treatments or the process of HIV infection, as in Fellays case.Workable, but still slow: calculations on the FHE-encrypted data could take millions of times longer than those on raw data. But, as Goldwasser says, “If yo

33、u believe that security is not a plus, but its a must, “ she says, “ then in some sense there is no overhead.v32. What is Fellay concerned about?A. Serious diseases.B. Sensitive patients.C. The safety of personal data.D. The lack of genetic information.33. In what way is FHE different from HE?A. It

34、speeds up the analyses.B. It allows more calculations.C. It prevents direct access to data.D. It depends on the use of algebra.34. What is Goldwasser,s attitude towards FHE?A. Contradictory. B. Unclear.C. Favorable. D. Intolerant.35. What is the main idea of the text?A. FHE protects privacy in the b

35、ig data era.B. FHE opens a new world for medical workers.C. Gentry proposed a new encryption technology.D. Homomorphic encryption developed over time.第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可 以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How Star Wars Changed Movie-making Forever“May the force be with you! ” If you are

36、 a Star Wars fan, then you have probably heard this phrase many times. 36 So many characters, devices, and phrases from the movie have become well-known. But you might be surprised to find out how much this movie has changed how movies are made.“A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away. . . is how

37、Star Wars begins. Its plot was not ground-breaking.37 The story was typical science fiction with lots of drama, traditional characters and good battling evil, in space and in hand-to-hand fight.It was the special effects that made Star Wars stand out from other movies. People still talk about the li

38、ght swords （佥ij） that could cut, burn and melt through most substances. Spaceships sped through space and landed on huge, realistic-looking space stations. 38 When Star Wars first came out in 1977, most movie theaters were stand- alone buildings, with just one movie screen. Using the money Star Wars

39、 had made for them, movie-theater owners built more theaters, leading to the multiplexes （多影厅影院）that are common today.Theaters needed more movies to show on all the additional movie screens and in all the new multiplexes. So new movie companies sprang up, including small ones creating experimental m

40、ovies. 39 Some of the methods became popular and others failed. But, thanks to Star Wars, people got to see new types of movies.40There had been movie continuations previously, but they were often just poor imitations of the first movie. The Star Wars movies were all popular. There have been two tri

41、logies （三部曲） so far, with more planned.A. They tried out new techniques.B. In fact, it was quite old-fashioned.C. Moviegoers had never seen anything like it.D. Thus, audience began to enjoy science fiction movies there.E. Star Wars was the first really successful movie trilogy in history.F. If you a

42、re not a fan, you are still likely familiar with these words.G. If you are a movie maker, you may be inspired by this classic film.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In many ways, Gitanjali Rao is an ordinary 11 -year-old, lively and chatty, yet her scie

43、ntific spirit makes a huge difference. Last month, she 41 the top prize at the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge for her invention.What 42 Gitanjali work was that her city faced a water emergency with too much lead in its water. The idea didnt 43 to me until I saw my parents try to do

44、 water tests. The test strips may show inaccurate results, which werent very 44She recalls. She then searched for suitable materials with continued efforts and 45 found that carbon nanotube （纳米管）sensors can be used to sense chemicals. Gitanjali 46 to build a small blue housing using the 3-D printer

45、at her school with computer chips and a battery inside. A free app, which Gitanjali designed under 47 from her computer science teacher, gives instant 48 and sends the data to a linked phone through an attached device.The process of designing her project wasnt always 49 , though. Kathleen Shafer, a

46、scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in summer, 50 along the way. In the award ceremony, Gitanjali also 51 her parents with constant support and 52 to try “crazy ideas” . Gitanjali received$25, 000 to further develop her program along with the great 53 of winning the contest. According to

47、Shafer, who 54 Gitanjali, she shows a lot of motivation to solve 55 issues through science”.41. A. earned42. A.exposed43. A. stick44. A. simple45. A. initiallyB. designedB. improvedB. belongB. reliableB. immediatelyC. offeredC. definedC. occurC. predictableC. temporarilyD. madeD. inspiredD. applyD.

48、creativeD. eventually46. A. managed47. A. observation48. A. access49. A. optional50. A.changed51. A. stresses52. A. encouragement53. A. fortune54. A. keeps up with55. A. commercial第二节(共10小题：B. promisedB. commandB. resultsB. completeB. riskedB. creditsB. requestB. intentionB. gets along withB. practicalC. pretendedC. instructionC. decisionsC. continuousC. helpedC. impressesC. struggleC. honorC. takes care ofC. academicD. happenedD. controlD. approvalD. smoothD. followedD. providesD. pressureD. potent