重庆市第八中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期末英语试题.docx

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1、重庆八中2021-2022学年高一（下）期末英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .What is the man reading?A. A magazine. B. A newspaper. C. A novel.2 What does （he man mean?A. Any kind of books can be borrowed.B. The

2、 reference books aren t available.C. The reference books can t be borrowed.3 .Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At a supermarket. B. Al a restaurant. C. At a theater.4 .Who will hand in the report?A. Neither. B. The man. C. The woman.5 .Why didn t the man finish his science homework

3、?A. He didn t have enough time.B. He forgot it completely.C. He found it difficult.第二节（共15小题，每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.What is wrong with the shower?A. It has no hot water.B. It can t be tuned off completely.C. It can （ be turned on at all.7.What is the man good at repairing?A.

4、 Washers. B. Shower heads. C. TVs.Loneliness may represent a dysfunction of communication, and can also result from places with low population densities in which there are comparatively few people to interact with. Sometimes, loneliness is capable of spreading like a disease. When one person in a gr

5、oup begins to feel lonely, this feeling can spread to others, increasing everybodys risk fbr feelings of loneliness. People can feel lonely when theyre surrounded by other lonely people.18. What is the text mainly about?A. The influence of a specific person inlife.B. The harm caused by loneliness.C.

6、 The reasons for loneliness.D. The importance of mental health.19. Which of the following may not cause loneliness?A. The regular attendance at social events.B. The physical absence of meaningful people.C. The breakup of a marriage.D. The lack of friendship relations.20. The underlined phrase “disru

7、ptive event“ in paragraph 3 refer to things that.A. bring to a family extra unexpected financial burdensB. prevent ones life from continuing in a normal wayC. make people too excited co control (heir feelingsD. replace (he feeling of love with anger and bitterness21. Wha( can we learn about loneline

8、ss from the last paragraph?A. Loneliness can have a certain social effect.B. Loneliness wont occur in crowded places.C. Loneliness is a disease spreading among people.D. Loneliness can be the result of losing important relation.【答案】18.C19. A 20. B 21. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们感到孤独的原因以及孤独对人的影响。【18题详

9、解】主旨意:题。根据第一段 “ People can experience loneliness for many reasons and many life events may cause it,like the lack of friendship relations during childhood and adolescence, or the physical absence of meaningful people around a person.(人们感到孤独的原因有很多，生活中的许多事件可能会导致孤独，比如童.年和青少 年时期缺乏友谊关系，或者一个人身边缺少有意义的人)”结合

10、文章主要说明了人们感到孤独的原因以及孤 独对人的影响。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是孤独的原因。故选C。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“In these cases, it may result both from the loss of a specific person and from the withdrawal from social circles caused by the event or the associated sadness.（在这啖情况下，它可能是由于失去 r一个特定的人，也可能是由于事件或相关的悲伤导致的社交圈的退出）”可知，经常参加社交活动不会导 致孤独。故选

11、A。【20题详解】推理判断题。根据画线词上文 aLoneliness may also occur after the birth of a child, after marriage, or following any other socially M以及后文 “such as moving from ones home town into an unfamiliar community leading to homesickness可推知，从家乡搬到一个不熟悉的社区，导致乡愁，说明了孤独也可能发生在孩子出生 后，结婚后，或在任何其他社会破坏性事件之后，阻止某人的生活以正常的方式继续生活，画

12、线词指的是“阻止某人的生活以正常的方式继续。故选B。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段 u Loneliness may represent a dysfunction of communication, and can also result from places with low population densities in which there are comparatively few people to interact with. Sometimes, loneliness is capable of spreading like a disease. When one

13、person in a group begins to feel lonely, this feeling can spread to others, increasing everybodys risk fbr feelings of loneliness. People can feel lonely when theyre surrounded by other lonely people.（孤独可能代表着沟通障碍，也可能来自人口密度较低的地方，那里有相对 较少的人可以互动。有时候，孤独会像疾病一样蔓延。当群体中的一个人开始感到孤独时，这种感觉会蔓 延到其他人，增加每个人感到孤独的风险。

14、当周围都是孤独的人时，人们会感到孤独）”可知，孤独可以产 生一定的社会影响故选AoDStudies with financial ties to the sugar-sweetened beverage （drinks） industry are much less likely than independent studies （o find a link between sipping sugary drinks and developing obesity or diabetes, according to an Annals of Internal Medicine Report pu

15、blished Monday.Researchers reviewed 60 studies published between January 2001 and July 2016 that investigated consuming drinks with added sugar and these diseases. They also identified whether the reports were independently funded, or if they were backed by-or the authors had financial conflicts wit

16、hthe sugar-sweetened beverage industry.Every one of the 26 studies that found no connection between sugary drinks and diabetes or obesity were industry-funded. But of the 34 studies that did find a connection between sugar and illness, only one had ties to sugar- sweetened beverages.“This industry s

17、eems to be manipulating contemporary scientific processes to create controversy and advance their business interests at the expense of the publics health,M concluded the report.The latest report comes a month after a JAMA Internal Medicine investigation found (hat the Sugar Research Foundation paid

18、three Harvard scientists about $50,000 in the 1960s to publish research that blamed fat and cholesterol(月旦固醇)for causing heart disease, and downplayed the role of sweeteners.Dr. Mark Hyman, director of the Cleveland Clinic Center for Functional Medicine has long been skeptical about the sweet stuff.

19、“The sugar industry and soda companies arc following the same playbook as the tobacco industry did trying to defend tobacco,he told the News. They destroy the science by financing scientists who arc actually pushing their agenda and designing flawed trials that show theres no harm. They sway public

20、opinion, and they lobby polilicians.”He advised consumers confused about what research to believe to follow the money.” “If a bunch of Harvard scientists say one thing, and Coca-Cola says another thing, you should wonder about who the messenger is, and where the money to fund the study is coming fro

21、m, he said.22. What does the Annals of Internal Medicine Report mainly focus on?A The sugar industrys influence on scientific studies.B. The connection between sugaiy drinks and illnesses.C. The real reason to blame for causing heart disease.D. The financial support for science from the sugar indust

22、ry.23. Which is a factor the researchers took into consideration when reviewing (he studies published?A. Their total number.B. Their value to science.C. Their financial source.D. Their social influence.24. Why did the Sugar Research Foundation pay three Harvard scientists about $50,000 in the 1960s?

23、A. To support the development of science.B. To compare with the tobacco industry.C. To influence certain scientific results.D. To promote the publics health conditions.25. How to understand Dr. Mark Hymans follow the money” principle?A. People who pay for products should know where their money go.B.

24、 Consumers have to pay for the real results of scientific researches.C. More money should be paid to promote the publics awareness of science.D. The money to fund the study determines its reliability to some extent.【答案】22. A23. C 24. C 25. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了研究报告的资金来源是如何影响报告结果的。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据

25、文章第段 Studies with financial ties to the sugar-sweetened beverage （drinks） industry are much less likely than independent studies to find a link between sipping sugaiy drinks and developing obesity or diabetes, according to an Annals of Internal Medicine Report published Monday.（周一发表的内科医学年报 报告称，与独立研究

26、相比，与含糖饮料行业有经济关系的研究发现喝含糖饮料与肥胖或糖尿病之间存在联 系的可能性要小得多。）”可知，独立研究更容易报道喝含糖饮料与肥胖或糖尿病之间存在关系，故内科 医学年报主要关注了制糖业对科学研究结果的影响。故选A项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They also identiHed whether the reports were independently funded, or if they were backed by-or the authors had financial conflicts withthe sugar-sweetened beverage i

27、ndustry.（他们还确定 了这些报告是否得到了独立资助，或者是否得到了含糖饮料行业的支持，或者作者是否与该行业存在经济 冲突。）”可知，研究人员在回顾研究时考虑了资金来源。故选C项。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The latest report conics a month after a JAMA Internal Medicine investigation found that the Sugar Research Foundation paid three Harvard scientists about $50,000 in the 1960s to publish

28、 research that blamed fat and cholesterol（胆固醵）for causing heart disease, and downplayed the role ofsweeteners.（一个月前，美国医学会内科杂志的一项调查发现，糖研究基金会在20世纪60年代向三位哈 佛科学家支付了约5万美元，让他们发表研究报告，指责脂肪和胆固醇导致心脏病，并淡化甜味剂的作 用。）”可知，糖研究基金会向哈佛科学家付款五万美金是为了影响科学结果。故选C项。25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“If a bunch of Hanard scientists say one

29、thing, and Coca-Cola says another thing, you should wonder about who the messenger is, and where the money to fund the study is coming from, he said.（他建议那些对研究结果感到困惑的消费者“跟着钱走”。他说：“如果群哈佛科学家说件事，可 口可乐说另一件事，你应该想知道信使是谁，资助这项研究的资金从哪里来。可知，马克博士认为， 研究的资金来源会影响这项研究的结果，即资助这项研究的资金在某种程度上决定了它的可靠性。故选D 项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2

30、.5分,满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Travelling with friends can be an absolutely amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could end up ruining your friendship. 26 Here are some rules you should follow to make sure your next （rip with friends goes as smoothly

31、as possible.27 Sure, you and your friends probably have some similar interests, but thats not always the case. In an effort to keep everyone happy, go over travel plans and expectations ahead of time. Have each person categorize activities or sights into “must see “want to see and “would go if wc ha

32、ve time”. Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.Communicate and respect each other. Everyone has personal preference when travelling. But sometimes things dont go as you like. In this case, share your requirements directly with your travelling companions. 28 H

33、ave a conversation when problems arise, for communication is the key.Dont disappear. When travelling with a group-or even just one other personyou may want to be alone sometimes. Thats completely fine, but make sure your friends know where you arc and have a way of contacting you. 29Get off your pho

34、ne. Of course, your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member, or in （he event of a work emergency, but other than that, try to stay off your phone. 30 After all, the appeal of this type of Irip is to spend time with friends. Just enjoy it!A. Include at least one activi

35、ty for everyone.B. Give each other some space.C. At the same time, listen to their concerns and be respectful of them.D. And remember that consideration and respect go a long way.E. Its especially true of travelling in foreign countries or unfamiliar places.F. So its imporUnt to make sure you and yo

36、ur friends are on the same page.G. Dont respond to non-urgent work contact or send messages frequently.【答案】26. F 27. A 28. C 29. E 30. G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了和朋友一起旅行绝时是一种美妙的经历，你可以留下一生的回 忆，但也可以毁掉你的友谊。就此作者给出了一些建议。26题详解】上文 uTravelling with friends can be an absolutely amazing experience where you cou

37、ld make lifelong memories or it could end up ruining your friendship4和朋友起旅行绝对是种美妙的经历，你可能会留下,辈子的记 忆，也可能会毁掉你们的友谊。）”提到，和朋友旅行有好有坏，是一把双刃剑；F项“所以确保你和你的 朋友达成共识是很重要的。”与上文构成因果关系，符合文意。故选F项。27题详解】下文 “ Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.（对照着安排计戈i,确保每 个人都能看到他们最想看的景点。）”可知

38、本段是在谈论制定旅行计划时要兼顾所有的人；A项“为每个人 准备至少一项活动。”符合语境，话题一致。故选A项。28题详解】本段的主题是“Communicate and respect each other.（互相沟通，互相尊重:。）“。根据上文“In this case, share your requirements directly with your travel companions.（在这种情况下，直接与你的旅伴分享你的需 求。）”可知，下文可能讨论尊重旅伴的需求。C项“同时，倾听他们的担忧，尊重他们。”符合语境，其 中be respectful of呼应主题句中的respect0故选

39、C项。【29题详解】上 文 44Thats completely fine, but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you.（这完全没问题，但要确保你的朋友知道你在哪里，有办法联系你。）”可知E项“在国外或不熟悉的 地方旅行尤其如此。”符合语境，谈论的是在国外或不熟悉的地方旅游可能会发生的事情以及应该如何应 对。故选E项。【30题详解】上文 “Of course, your friends will understand if you need to take a call from

40、 a family member, or in （he event of a work emergency, but other than that, try to stay off your phone.（当然，如果你需要接家人的电话,或者工作上 的紧急情况，你的朋友会理解的，但除此之外，尽量远离手机.）”可知，后文内容应与打电话或工作上的 紧急情况相关；G项“不要回复非紧急的工作联系人或频繁发送信息。”和前文话题一致。故选G项。 第四部分语言知识运用（共15小题，满分15分）阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。Nine years ag

41、o, I moved to an absolutely new town. 31 as I was, with various new things to explore, I was still lonely. I was desperate to establish 32.This could explain my enthusiastic “Count me in!” when 33 to participate in a half marathon. Considering my usual 3 miles, I must have been 3413 miles seemed a（n

42、） 35 task.However, the initial 36 gradually faded away. I found comfort in burying myself in training. Though taking it slow, one mile, and （hen two, I gradually made 37. Mile after mile, I managed to step beside mynew friends. We talked about our favorite music and 38 funny stories about our childr

43、en. At about mile 10. the conversations 39. We shared our past and hopes for our future, our fears and regrets. By the time we were running 12-mile legs, it was 4() that Id made lifelong friends.41. the day of the race arrived. Al the start line, armed with my friends, I already lelt like a champion

44、.My time training had 42. I managed to hold a steady pace and kept up with my 43. Finally, wecrossed the finish line together.Although it started as a 44 of building social tics, running not only provided me with friendship, but with a beneficial skill that would 45 me the rest of my life.31 A. Exci

45、tedB. RelaxedC. EmbarrassedD. Confused32. A. respectB. principlesC. businessD. connections33. A. allowedB. remindedC. invitedD. required34. A. gracefulB. confidentC. crazyD. awkward35. A. urgentB. impossibleC. rewardingD. pleasant36. A. delightB. anxietyC.shockD. disappointment37. A. progressB. disc

46、overiesC. historyD. mistakes38. A. readB. spreadC.exchangedD. composed39. A. concludedB. deepenedC. returnedD. decreased40. A. hopefulB. regretfulC. undoubtedD. unexpected41. A. UnfortunatelyB. ObviouslyC. NaturallyD. Eventually42 A. paid offB. run outC. comeD. flown43. A. partnersB. trainersC. coac

47、hesD. judges44. A. riskB. habitC. rightD. means45. A. amazeB. comfortC. guardD. assist【答案】31. A 32. DD 42. A 43. A33. C 34. C44. D 45. D35. B 36. B 37. A38. C 39. B 40. C 41.【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在结婚七年后来到一个新城镇生活，为了结识新朋友参加了半 程马拉松比赛，在刻苦训练的过程中作者确实结交了一些好朋友，最终大家并肩完成了比赛。31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析二句意：有着许许多多的新鲜事物可以探索

48、，我感到很兴奋。A.Exciled兴奋的；B.Relaxed放松的；C. Embarrassed尴尬的；D. Confused困惑的。作者来到新环境中，从后句的描述u with various new things to explore（有着许许多多的新鲜事物可以探索）”中可以推断心情是比较兴奋激动的故选Ao【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我渴望与他人建立联系。A. respect尊重;B. principles原则：C. business生意; D. connections联系。作者来到了新环境中，上句提到“I was still lonely（我仍然很孤独）”可以推断是很想 认识新朋友、建立联系的。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就能解释当有人来邀请我参加半程马拉松时我热情回应的“算我一个” 了。A. allowed允许;B. reminded使想起;C. invit