2023年广东省广州市中考英语英语解题技巧训练——阅读理解.docx

《2023年广东省广州市中考英语英语解题技巧训练——阅读理解.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2023年广东省广州市中考英语英语解题技巧训练——阅读理解.docx（10页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、广州市初中英语解题技巧训练一一阅读理解一、细节理解题（一）命题形式1 .直接理解题4个和1个提问：what （事件），when （时间），where （地点），why （原因）， how （经过）2 .语义转化题通过改变题干的叙述方式或者以同义表达来考查学生对文章的理解，要求学生迅速识别 原文的信息，准确选出最佳答案。（二）解题技巧第一步：明确问题一一根据问题，确定问题关键第二步：准确定位一一在原文中定位关键词（同义转换、反义转述、信息归纳） （三）例题训练（A）In London, you can travel around the city by subway, bus, taxi or

2、private car. The subway runs under the city. It goes to all parts of the city. Travelling by subway is the fastest way to get around the city. The second way to travel around the city is by bus. It is a slower way to travel. This is because the road traffic is always heavy. You can also travel aroun

3、d the city by taxi. This is very expensive, but the taxi will take you to every place you wish to go to. If the traffic is heavy, the taxi will be slow. During the mornings and afternoons, there is the “rush hour”. The last way to get around London is using your own car. It is inconvenient if you ar

4、e driving in the rush hour If there is an accident on the road, you will have to wait for a long time.l.What） l.What i the fastest way to get around London?A.TravellingB.TravellingB.TravellingC.TravellingC.Travelling by subway D.Travelling by bus（）2.What7s the advantage of travelling around London b

5、y taxi?A.It/s faster than any other way.B.You can go wherever you want to go.C.lts cheaper than any other way.D.You can visit the city easily.（B）In the summer of 2016, about 17 million people posted videos of themselves pouring ice water over their heads. Why did they do it?Each year, about 5,600 pe

6、ople in the USA get ALS（肌攻缩侧索硬化症）.People with this disease are unable to move at first. Many people die within two to five years after being diagnosed（诊断）with it. Until now, ALS has no cure. But the Ice Bucket（冰桶）Challenge may help lead to one. In the summer of 2016, it raised more than $115 million

7、 for the ALS Association in just a few months. That/s a huge increase from $2.8 million the organization received during the same period in 2015.（）l.The persons who get ALS cant firstly.A.laugh B.cry C.sing D.move（）2.How much did the Ice Bucket Challenge raise in the summer of 2016?A.More than $115

8、million. B.$2.8 million.C.More than $110 m川ion.D.More than 28 m川ion.（C）He needed to get up before sunrise every morning to help his father on the farm. Duringwere twice as likely to perform above average(平均水平)in educational activities. The researchers also found that unhealthy breakfasts-such as pot

9、ato chips or a donut did not appear helpful to educational performance.Health experts suggest that the best breakfast is a mix of carbohydrates(碳水化合物),protein and fat. This gives your body the energy it needs to think clearly and to remember what you learn.However, simply eating a breakfast rich in

10、carbohydrates may make a student tired. So, adding protein helps to prevent that. Having protein food such as milk, yogurt, eggs or meat can help students feel full longer.Health experts also suggest not eating too much for breakfast. This can also make a person feel tired and unable to think clearl

11、y. They say eating between 350 and 500 calories in the morning is a good amount of energy to start the day.()l.What is the passage mainly about?A.The way of cooking a rich breakfast.B.How to stay energetic throughout the day.C.The importance of having a good breakfast.D.How much breakfast you should

12、 eat each day.参考答案一、细节理解题(A) CB (B) DA二、排列顺序题(A) B (B) C三、推理判断题(A) C (B) C四、词义猜测题(A) A (B) D五、主旨大意题(A) D (B) C(C) C(C) D(C) D(C) C(C) A(D) A (E) B (F) D(D) A (E) B (F) C (G) D(D) D (E) Csunrise he would take a break and climb up on the fence along the side of the farm. He could see a house with gold

13、en windows. zzlf they could afford golden windows, then there must be other nice things inside the house. He imagined how great it would be to live there. Then he promised himself, Some day I will go there and see this wonderful place.”One morning, his father would go to the town and told him to sta

14、y at home for a rest. Knowing that this was his chance, he took a sandwich and headed across the field towards the house with the golden windows.()l.What did the boy decide to do when he heard his father would go to the town?A.Go to the town.B.Play on the field.C.Go to see the house with golden wind

15、ows. D.Make golden windows.(D)In China, people also used kites during wartime. One Chinese story tells how soldiers put noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp. The enemies were frightened by the nose and ran away.()l.According to the Chinese story, the army used kites to.A.

16、make the enemies leave in fear B.celebrate victories during wartimeC.stop the enemies from sleeping wellD.carry soldiers to fight against the enemies(E)From the smell of grass to the sight of a sunrise, nothing can replace spending time in the outdoors. It makes us relaxed, and there are three spots

17、 for you to visit.Lakes and mountainsTravelling along beautiful highways is a good way to relax. Set among towering mountains, the green color of the lake is the result of glacial(冰川的)waters that flow into it.Location: Diablo Lake in the U.S.The oceanHome to some of the most exciting diving in the w

18、orld, this island is famous for bottlenose dolphins(宽吻海豚great white sharks and humpback (座头鲸).Location: Near Mexicos Revillagigedo IslandsIce and snowThis is the deepest lake in the world. It is home to seals, bears, wolves and reindeer. The ice in the winter can be two meters thick.Location: Lake B

19、aikal(贝力口尔湖), in Siberia()l.What will you see in the ocean near Mexicos Revillagigedo Islands?A.Wolves and reindeer.B.Dolphins and sharksC.Whales and bears.D.GIacial waters and mountains.(F)The first parts of the Intentional Space Station(ISS) were launched in 1998, just ten years before I was born.

20、 I have always hoped that one day I could travel to space and visit a space station. I know that needs lots of hard training. Here is a list of things that I believe are important for me since they can make my dream come true. I need to practice living without gravity. Long-term weightlessness(失重)ca

21、n make people feel sick. I need to learn how to move around wearing a spacesuit. Spacesuits are not at all like the clothes we wear daily. They are very heavy. I need to learn about teamwork spirit. Just imagine living in the desert-life in space is full of challenges and needs teamwork. I also need

22、 to exercise a lot to have strong muscles.()l.What is the writers dream?A.To practice living without gravity.B.To exercise a lot to have strong muscles.C.To learn how to move around wearing a spacesuit.D.To take a journey to space and visit a space station.二、排列顺序题(一)命题形式排列顺序题是细节理解题中的一种题目，主要在记叙文中考查。该

23、题型主要考查对事件 发展的逻辑关系的理解。题目中通常给出从原文中抽取出来的5个具体事实，要求按照事件 发生的先后顺序排列起来。(二)解题技巧L原文标记法：把a, b, c, d, e选项在文章中标出来，按照文章所呈现的顺序得出正确答 案。注意选项与原文的同义转换，以及原文中有无特殊的时间标志词。2.首尾定位法：找出最早和最晚的时间点或事件，使用排除法迅速缩小范围，从而快速选出 正确选项。(三)例题训练(A)Born into a wealthy Jiangyin family, Xu became interested in books about different places at an

24、 early age and wanted to travel. When he was 18, however, Xus father died and so, it seemed, did his travelling dreams.He now was responsible for the family farm and taking care of his 60-year-old mother as tradition required. So at the age of twenty and with his mothers support, Xu set off for the

25、first time, leaving behind not only his mother but his new wife as well. Sadly Xu became seriously ill during his last and longest journey, a 4-year trip through the southwest of China. He died in 1641, soon after returning to his hometown for the last time. When his diary was finally printed years

26、after his death, much of it had been destroyed or lost. Although incomplete, it still made Xu a travelling legend around the world.()l.What is the correct order for the following events from Xus life?a.He went on his first journey.b.His book was finally printed.c.He returned to his hometown for the

27、last time.d.He developed an interest in books about other places.e.He started managing the family farm after his father died.A.a-e-d-c-b B.d-e-a-c-b C.d-e-a-b-c D.e-d-a-b-c(B)The kids didnt know what to do. Amy ran to Roy and saw one of his legs out of shape. A broken leg! She remembered what the fi

28、rst-aid book said about it.“Victor!” Amy called to one of the boys. Go get Roys mama, and find someone with a truck/ She turned to the others. Z/Give me your shirts. We need something to tie his leg with.”Amy then found a strong, straight stick. She carefully wrapped the shirts around Roys leg and t

29、he stick. Roy cried out in pain. know it hurts/ Amy said so代ly. ”But this w川 hold it still until youget to the hospital/When Amy was done, she looked up and saw Roys mama and a man watching beside a truck, “Thank you, Amy/ Roys mama said. Amy helped them lift Roy into the truck, then they drove down

30、 the hillside towards the hospital.（）l.What is the correct order of Amys first-aid actions?a.She found a proper stick. b.She helped lift Roy into the truck.c.She asked the boys for some shirts. d.She tied the shirts around the broken leg. e.She sent someone to get Roys mum and a truck.A.c-e-a-b-d B.

31、a-c-e-d-b C.e-c-a-d-b D.e-c-a-b-d（C）Gu Fangzhou, known as “the father of sugar pills（糖丸）passed away at age 92 on 2 January, 2019. Eight months later, he received a national honorary title “the Peoples Scientist for his polio（小儿麻痹症）research.Gu Fangzhou was born in June, 1926. When Gu was four, his fa

32、mily faced a difficult time with the sudden death of his father. He studied hard and finally entered Peking University as a medical student in 1944. After graduation, Gu made the decision to work to help improve public health.In 1955, polio broke out in Nantong, Jiangsu Province. It paralyzed（使瘫痪）1,

33、680 people, mostly children aged below seven. It spread to neighbouring areas and resulted in 466 deaths. Two years later, Gu was asked to lead polio research. zzAt that time the only way to prevent polio was to invent a vaccine（疫苗）,said Gu.In 1959 Gu succeeded in developing the first polio live vac

34、cine. Later, he developed the “sugar-coated pill vaccine in the early 1960s. In order to test the vaccine, Gu himself tried the vaccine and later his 1-month-old son was vaccinated. z/lf we dont believe in what we produce, how can others believe in it? said Gu.Gradually, the sugar-coated polio vacci

35、ne was made available in China. It saved millions of people, especially kids, from being disabled. In 2000, the World Health Organization（WHO） announced that China was already a polio-free country.（）l.What is the correct order for the following events?a.Gu Fangzhou studied medicine at university.b.G

36、u Fangzhou vaccinated himself and his son.c.Gu Fangzhou became “the People/s Scientist”.d.Gu Fangzhou was requested to lead polio research.e.Gu Fangzhou developed the first polio live vaccine.A.a-e-d-b-c B.d-a-e-b-c C.c-a-d-e-b D.a-d-e-b-c三、推理判断题（一）命题形式根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。推断不是凭空猜测，是在已知信息 的基础上对未知的

37、内容作出陈述。此类题的题干中不会出现与原文完全相同的内容，常常伴 随may, infer, can, suggest, guess等词汇。常见的设问有: In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article? What is the main purpose of this passage? Which sentence best describes.? How does the writer develop Paragraph.? Why.?1 .细节推理以文章某处的信息或细节作依据，推断出未知细节。04

38、/102 .归纳推理通过文章整体逻辑或信息，推断文章的深层意思和作者的态度、意图、观点、情感等。 (二)解题技巧第一步：定位一一定位段落，目标阅读第二步：详读一一了解大意，深层把握 第三步：推理一一立足语篇，据实推理(三)例题训练(A)“Wearing Heelys(暴走鞋)is fun and cool! said Wu Peng, a boy who wore them on his first day back at No.6 Middle School in Beijing. Wu Peng said he loved the shoes so much that he wore th

39、em to go here and there and sometimes he even followed his parents car to the supermarket in his Heelys! Other students also think they are very cool, but some aren/t so lucky with their Heelys. Its said that some children fell down and got hurt while wearing these shoes, Heelys wheels are in the he

40、els of the shoes, so its easy to fall/ said Liu Rui, a doctor at the Hong Kong International Medical Clinic, Beijing. Whats worse, Liu said, Wearing Heelys for a long time could stop young peoples legs from developing/()l.What does the doctor think of Heelys?A.They are too expensive.B.They are too f

41、ast to go.C.They may be bad for kids health. D.They are good for training.(B)Bob was a banker. He was a rich American. Every night, he liked to go to a pub for a drink before going home. There was a grocery store, a clock shop and a pet shop near the pub. The owners knew Bob.One night, when Bob was

42、going home, he was suddenly shot in the stomach. It happened in front of the pet shop. The owner of the grocery store called an ambulance. At the same time, the pet shop and the clock shop were still open. Dino asked the owners of the three shops to tell their stories and tried to find out who shot

43、Bob. The one who told lies was the shooter.Mrs. Smith, the pet shops owner: Im 65 years old. I didnt hear very well. But I saw Bob fall down in front of my shop. I was walking a dog at that time. I didnt see the shooter.Alex, the grocery stores owner: I did see the shooter. He came up from behind Bo

44、b and shot him. So I called the police. Then an ambulance came right away.Frank, the clock shops owner: I was repairing an old clock. I heard a shot suddenly. Then I ran out of my shop and saw Bob. He was lying on the ground. I didnt know who shot him.()l.Whats Dinos job according to the passage?A.A

45、 banker.B.A farmer. C.A detective. D.A doctor.(C)So how can you make things easier on yourself? Its easier than you think. Just make sure your parents know what youre doing. Get them to know your friends. Phone them if you stay somewhere else so that your parents wont worry where you are. Say sorry

46、to them when you make mistakes. Take responsibility for what you have done. Talk about your ideas with them. They may talk about theirs with you.()l.Which of the following statements shows the writers opinion?A. Its wrong of parents to worry about their children too much.B. Some parents are unfriend

47、ly, which makes their children angry.C. Children should do everything as their parents say.D. Parents love their children very much and the children should understand them.(D)Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people dont know is that junk(垃圾)has become a probl

48、em in outer space too.According to BBC News, there are more than 22,000 pieces of space junk floating around the earth.()l.ln which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article?A.Environment.B.Local News.C.Educations.D.Fashion.(E)Dr Ross Gillanders, a researcher at the University of St Andrews in Scotland, UK, has been training bees to do the job of dogs. By using sugar water, the researchers have been teaching bees to find ex