2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期末测试卷（外研版2019）03 全解全析.pdf

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1、 2020-2021学年下学期期末测试卷（外研版2019）03高二英语（考试时间：90 分钟 试卷满分：120分）第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第 一 节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATechnology never stops moving.These inventions will be here sooner than you think,so its best to get yourwallet ready for them.5G networks will bring the Internet ev

2、erywhereThe most exciting thing about 5G is that it will be a full-on broadband internet service,meaning that instead ofhaving one service for your mobile devices and one for home internet,youll be able to get home 5G and take itwith you,as well.That also means less reliance（依赖）on wi-fi.Smart needle

3、s will detect cancer in momentsRight now,most cancers aren,t detected until something goes wrong,which is what the smart needle hopesto change.Cancerous tissue and healthy tissue reflect light differently,according to Medical Xpress.The way thesmart needle works is by shining light through the tissu

4、e in question and then quickly calculating if the tissue issick or healthy.It takes seconds,and without painful operations.People will be able to feel things in virtual realityVirtual reality（VR）and augmented reality（AR）attracted a lot of attention in the last decade,but things willonly get more int

5、eresting from here,starting with the ability to touch and feel the things we see through all thevarious kinds of computer-generated pictures.Plant-based meat is going to grow in new ways2019 was the year of plant-based meats,with Beyond Meat introducing burgers that tasted just about thesame as actu

6、al beef,but made entirely out of plants.The company is planning to improve the flavor of its meat astime goes on.In the near future,mankind is looking at the possibility of completely animal-free meats of allkinds.1.How does the smart needle work?A.By sending out light.B.By calculating time.C.By per

7、forming operations.D.By changing cancerous tissue.2.What are the burgers produced by Beyond Meat made of?A.Beef.B.Flour.C.Plants.D.Animal meat.3.What do the four things have in common?A.All of them are already on the market.B.All of them are inventions on the way.C.All of them attracted a lot of att

8、ention.D.All of them rely heavily on the Internet.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四项即将到来的发明。1.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据 Smart needles will detect cancer in moments 部分的 The way the smart needle worksis by shining light through the tissue in question and then quickly calculating if the tissue is sick or heallhy.可知，这种智能针的

9、工作原理是用光线照射有问题的组织，然后迅速计算出组织是生病了还是健康的。故选A。2.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据 Plant-based meat is going to grow in new ways 部分的 2019 was the year ofplant-based meats,with Beyond Meat introducing burgers that tasted just about the same as actual beef,but madeentirely out of plants/2019年是植物性肉类的一年，Beyond Meat推出了味道和真正的牛肉

10、差不多的汉堡，但完全由植物制成）可知，Beyond Meat生产的汉堡是用植物做的。故选C。3.【答案】B 解析】推理判断题。根据第一段的 These inventions will be here sooner than you think,so its best to get yourwallet ready for them.（这些发明将比你想象的更早到来，所以最好准备好你的钱包。）及下文对四项发明的介绍可推知，这些发明都是即将到来的发明。故选B。BIeoh Ming Pei,one of the last great modernist architects,has died aged

11、 102.Although he worked mostly inthe United States,Pei will always be remembered for a European project:his redevelopment of the Louvre Museumin Paris in the 1980s.Pei was the first foreign architect to work on the Louvre in its long history,and initially his designs werefiercely opposed.But in the

12、end,the French and everyone else were won over.His glass pyramid outside theLouvre,completed in 1989,is now one of Paris most famous landmarks.Pei was bom in China in 1917 into a wealthy family.His father was a banker.His artistic mother-acalligrapher and musicianhad the greater influence on him.Des

13、pite not speaking English,he moved to the US atthe age of 18 to study at Pennsylvania,MIT and Harvard.He worked as a research scientist for the US governmentduring World War Two,and went on to work as an architect,founding his own firm in 1955.He carried on workingwell into old age,creating one of h

14、is most famous masterpiecesthe Museum of Islamic Art in Doha,Qatar-inhis 80s.He has designed buildings,hotels,schools and other structures across North America,Asia and Europe.Hisother work includes Dallas City Hall and Japans Miho Museum.His style was influenced by his love of Islamicarchitecture.H

15、is favoured building materials were glass and steel,with a combination of concrete.He won a variety of awards and prizes for his buildings,including the AIA Gold Medal,the PraemiumImperiale for Architecture.In 1983 Pei was given the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize for giving the 20th centurysome o

16、f its most beautiful interior spaces and exterior forms.He used his$100,000 prize money to start ascholarship fund for Chinese students to study architecture in America.In person,Pei was always neatly dressed,good-tempered,channing and unusually modest.4.What do we know about Pei and his work on the

17、 Louvre Museum?A.The French approved of his designs at first.B.Pei was the only foreign expert employed by the Louvre.C.Pei made use of glass in his designs.D.Pei retired after completing the work.5.Which is the correct order of time for the following facts in the passage?He received the Pritzker Ar

18、chitecture Prize.He founded his own firm.He created the Museum of Islamic Art.He worked as a research scientist.A.B.C.D.6.What words can be used to describe Pei according to the passage?A.Productive and humorous.B.Generous and modest.C.Determined and outgoing.D.Attractive and responsible.7.What can

19、be the best title of the passage?A.Louvre Pyramid Architect Dies Aged 102 B.Prizes Awarded to PeiC.Landmarks Created by Pei D.A Famous Architect Passed Away【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了享誉世界最后的现代主义建筑大师贝聿铭的生平事迹。4.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 His glass pyramid outside the Louvre,completed in 1989,is now oneof Par

20、is，most famous landmarks.（卢浮宫外的玻璃金字塔于1989年完工，现在是巴黎最著名的地标之一可知贝聿铭在他的设计中使用了玻璃。故选C。5.【答案】C 解析细节理解题。根据第三段中 He worked as a research scientist for the US government during World WarTwo,and went on to work as an architect,founding his own firm in 1955.（二战期间，他曾为美国政府担任研究科学家，1955年，他创办了自己的公司，之后成为一名建筑师。）可知贝聿铭为美国

21、政府担任研究科学家，之后 1955 年成了 自己的公司；根据最后一段中 In 1983 Pei was given the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize forgiving the 20th century some of its most beautiful interior spaces and exterior forms.（1983 年，贝聿铭被授予第五届普利兹克建筑奖，以表彰他为20世纪创造了一些最美丽的室内空间和外部形式。）可知贝聿铭在63 岁时被授予普利兹克建筑奖；根据第三段最后一句He carried on working well int

22、o old age,creating one of hismost famous masterpiecesthe Museum of Islamic Art in Doha,Qatarin his 80s.（他一直工作到晚年，80 多岁时创作了他最著名的杰作之一卡塔尔多哈的伊斯兰艺术博物馆。）可知贝聿铭80多岁创作了卡塔尔多哈的伊斯兰艺术博物馆。故顺序为，选6.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句 He used his$100,000 prize money to start a scholarship fund forChinese students to study ar

23、chitecture in America.（他 用 10万美元奖金为中国学生在美国学习建筑设立了一个奖学金基金。）可知贝聿铭是非常慷慨大方的；以及文章最后一句In person,Pei was always neatly dressed,good-tempered,charming and unusually modest.（就个人而言，贝聿铭总是衣着整洁，脾气好，富有魅力，而且非常谦虚。）可知贝聿铭很谦虚。故选B。7.【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第一句 Ieoh Ming Pei,one of the last great modernist architects,has

24、diedaged 102.（贝聿铭，最后一位伟大的现代主义建筑师之一，去世，享 年 102岁。）以及文章主要为介绍贝聿铭的生平事迹可知A 选项符合题意。故选A。CVaping can be just as damaging to your health as smoking.But the minute you kick the habit,youH feel adifference.Vaping is the use of electronic cigarettes e-cigarettes.Vaping became mainstream in the United States in t

25、helate 2000s.When e-cigarettes first hit the market,people believed they were a safer choice to tobacco cigarettes.We now know,however,that vaping,like smoking cigarettes can be quite damaging to your health and equallyaddictive.Kids and teenagers are especially attracted to vaping,thanks to attract

26、ive flavors.Vape use in high schoolstudents rose by 900 percent between 2011 and 2015.Quitting vaping can be difficult,just like trying to stopsmoking.There are some immediate,though often temporary,negative effects.The positive ones soon outpace thenegative,however.In as little as 20 minutes,your h

27、eart rate returns to normal,your blood pressure drops,and your circulationstarts to normalize.Your breathing may improve,too.Daily e-cigarette doubles a persons risk for a heart attack.Ifyou quit,however,the risk begins to fall very quickly.Also,vaping,like cigarette smoking,can blunt your senses,re

28、ducing your ability to smell and taste.After just 48 hours without vaping,you may begin to notice your ability totaste and smell food has improved.Nicotine affects more than your brain:new research suggests nicotine can raiseyour blood sugar,too.Smokers often have a troublesome cough or make a breat

29、hless sound when they breathe that many refer to as asmokers cough.Smoking even e-cigarettes can badly harm your lung health and make fighting off infectionsdifficult.Quitting,however,will help your lungs recover.After one month,your lung capacity improves.There willcome a day when the bad habit of

30、vaping wont have any lasting influence on your body and your health.8.What did Americans think of e-cigarettes?A.They were cheaper.B.They were less harmful.C.They were more fashionable.D.They were environment-friendly.9.What makes vaping popular among kids and teenagers?A.Its colour.B.Its price.C.It

31、s shape.D.Its taste.10.What does the underlined word“blunt“in paragraph 4 mean?A.dull.B.sharp.C.improve.D.benefit.11.What does the author intend to do by writing the text?A.Introduce the wide use of e-cigarettes.B.Point out how e-cigarettes harm the old.C.Encourage people to refuse e-cigarettes.D.Co

32、mpare e-cigarettes with traditional ones.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了电子烟对健康的危害和吸烟一样大。介绍了电子烟流行起来的历史，同时由于电子烟味道诱人，儿童和青少年尤其喜欢它。但是电子烟会对人体产生的一些危害，电子烟会严重损害肺部健康，文章建议人们最好是戒烟，来帮助肺恢复。8.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中 Vaping became mainstream in the United States in the late 2000s.Whene-cigarettes first hit the market,people be

33、lieved they were a safer choice to tobacco cigarettes.nJ知电子烟在 2000年代后期成为美国的主流。当电子烟首次进入市场时，人们认为它比香烟更安全。由此可知，美国人认为电子烟危害较小。故选B。9.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中 Kids and teenagers are especially attracted lo vaping,thanks to attractiveflavors.可知由于电子烟味道诱人，儿童和青少年尤其喜欢它。由此可知，是电子烟的味道让电子烟在儿童和青少年中流行。故选D。10.【答案】A【解析】词义猜

34、测题。根据后文reducing your ability to smell and taste可知此外，电子烟和吸烟一样，会使你的感官迟钝，降低你的嗅觉和味觉能力。由此可知，划线词意思为“使 迟 钝 A.dull.使迟钝；B.sharp.尖锐；C.improve.改善；D.benefit.有益于。故选 A。11.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段 Vaping can be just as damaging to your health as smoking.But the minute youkick the habit,youll feel a difference.可知电子烟对健康

35、的危害和吸烟一样大。但当你戒掉这个习惯的那一刻，你就会感觉有所不同。结合文章主要说明了电子烟对健康的危害和吸烟一样大。结合文章主要说明了电子烟对健康的危害和吸烟一 样大。介绍了电子烟流行起来的历史，同时由于电子烟味道诱人，儿童和青少年尤其喜欢它。但是电子烟会对人体产生的一些危害，电子烟会严重损害肺部健康，文章建议人们最好是戒烟，来帮助肺恢复。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们拒绝电子烟。故选C。DFor the first time since local extinction in 1996,Nubian giraffes have returned to Pian Upe Wild

36、life Reservein northeastern Uganda.Fifteen of this vitally endangered animals were moved over 400 km from Murchison FallsNational Park in October 2019.The 11 female and 4 male giraffes are aged two to four:“We chose younger giraffes because they have alonger reproductive lifespan,says Robert Aruho,a

37、 doctor of Uganda Wildlife Authority(UWA),who let the move.Northern Uganda is home to Nubian giraffes.They have large,rectangular blotches(矩形斑点)set irregularlyagainst a cream background.The lower legs are noticeably white and not patterned.Pian Upes grassy land heldlarge numbers of giraffes in the 1

38、960s before conflict in the Karamoja region saw them hunted illegally.Thehabitat is perfect,and effective anti-hunting measures are now capable of supporting at least 700 individuals,explains Aruho.Nubian giraffes are Ugandas only giraffe species and most of them inhabit Murchison Falls.We cant have

39、all our eggs in one basket,Aruho says,“We have a unique opportunity to act now to prevent them dying out.”Back in 2015,the UWA moved 15 Nubian giraffes from Murchison Falls to Lake Mburo National Park.Afterthat,9 of the 10 females quickly became pregnant.From a little over 300 Nubian giraffes in the

40、 mid 1990s inUganda there are now about 1,650.A further 25 giraffes will move from Murchison to Pian Upe in October 2020.“In Uganda we continue to work closely with the UWA to increase numbers and populations of threatenedNubian giraffes.Boosting existing populations is vital for securing their futu

41、re in the country/9 Aruho says.12.Why were younger giraffes moved to Pian Upe Wildlife Reserve?A.They were in greater danger than the older.B.It was easier for them to adapt to a new habitat.C.They would reproduce more in future.D.It cost less to move younger giraffes there.13.Why did the author say

42、“return”in Para.1?A.The local didnt support the movement at first.B.The giraffes used to live in Pian Upe in the 1960s.C.The giraffes habitats were built a long time ago.D.People moved all giraffes to escape local conflict.14.What is the original intention of the move according to Aruho?A.Its better

43、 fbr giraffes to live in different places.B.700 giraffes is a point of what the reserve affords.C.Measures should be taken to stop local conflicts.D.Nubian giraffes look so attractive as to be hunted illegally.15.Which chart can describe the move of Nubian giraffes since 2015?P=Pian Upe L=Lake Mburo

44、 M=Murchison Falls【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了乌干达野生动物管理局为了拯救努比亚氏颈鹿而做出的努力。12.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Wc chose younger giraffes because they have a longer reproductivelifespan（我们选择年轻的长颈鹿是因为它们的繁殖寿命更长）”可知，年轻的长颈鹿被转移到Pian Upe野生动物保护区是因为它们将来会繁殖更多。故选C。13.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的For the first time since local extinction

45、 in 1996,Nubian giraffes havereturned to Pian Upe Wildlife Reserve in northeastern Uganda.（自 1996 年局部物种灭绝以来，努比亚长颈鹿第一次回到/乌干达东北部的Pian Upe野生动物保护区）”及第三段中的“Pian Upcs grassy land held largenumbers of giraffes in the 1960s before conflict in the Karamoja region saw them hunted illegally.（上 世 名 己 60 年 彳 弋,在

46、卡拉莫贾地区发生冲突，导致长颈鹿被非法猎杀之前，Pian Upe的草地上曾养过大量长颈鹿）”可知，作者在第一段中说“return（回到）”是因为长颈鹿在20世纪60年代曾经生活在Pian Upe。故选B。14.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“We cant have all our eggs in one basket/Aruho says,“We have aunique opportunity to act now to prevent them dying out.（我们不能把所有的鸡蛋放在一个篮子里,Aruho 说，“我们现在有一个独一无二的机会来采取行动，防止它们灭绝。

47、可推知，据 Aruho介绍，此举的初衷是长颈鹿生活在不同的地方比较好。故选A。15.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第 the first time since local extinction in 1996,Nubian giraffes havereturned to Pian Upe Wildlife Reserve in northeastern Uganda.Fifteen of this vitally endangered animals weremoved over 400 km from Murchison Falls National Park in October 2

48、019.（自 1996 年局部物种灭绝以来，努比亚长颈鹿第一次回到了乌干达东北部的Pian Upe野生动物保护区。2019年 10月，其 中 15只濒临灭绝的动物被从默奇森瀑布国家公园转移到了 400多公里外）”及倒数第二段中的Back in 2015,the UWA moved 15Nubian giraffes from Murchison Falls to Lake Mburo National Park.（早在 2015 年，乌瓦就把 15 只努比亚长颈鹿从默奇森瀑布国家公园搬到了姆布罗湖国家公园）”可知，努比亚长颈鹿早在2015年从默奇森瀑布搬到了姆布罗湖国家公园，现在搬到Pian

49、Upe野生动物保护区的努比亚长颈鹿也是来自默奇森瀑布国家公园。故选Co第 二 节（共 5 小题；每小题2 分，满 分 10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Switching from childhood to adulthood can be challenging.16.Work on not acting like a child bymanaging your emotions.With a little bit of practice,you will begin to see yourself acting more like a

50、n adult than achild.Accept responsibility for your actions.You should take responsibility for your actions,whether they are inlenlional（故意的）or unintentional.17.Failing to accept responsibility may seem like a good idea at the time,but in the long term it will not benefityou.For example,if you accide