【自考英语】2022年1月上海市金山区英语（一）模拟题(解析版).pdf

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1、备 注:本套试卷附有答案解析，答案解析字体为白色，预览无法观看，如需观看试题的答案解析，请下载试卷CTRL+A选中全部文字，然后将答案字体调整为黑色即可。【自考英语】2022年 1 月上海市金山区英语(一)模拟题(解析版)第 1 题【单选题】【阅读理解】Gyorgy Buzsaki of Rutgers University and his colleagues analyzed thebrain waves of sleeping rats and mice.Specifically,they examined the electricalactivity emanating from th

2、e somatosensory neocortex(an area that processessensory information)and the hippocampus,which is a center for learning andmemory.The scientists found that oscillations in brain waves from the two regionsappear to be intertwined.So-called sleep spindles(bursts of activity from theneocortex)were follo

3、wed tens of milliseconds later by beats in the hippocampusknown as ripples.The team posits that this interplay between the two brain regionsis a key step in memory consolidation.A second study,also published online thisweek by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,links age-associatedm

4、emory decline to high glucose levels.What is the result of the experiment withrats and mice carried out at Rutgers UniversityA、The electrical activity is emanating from the somatosensory neocortex.B、Oscillations in brain waves are from hippocampus.C Somatosensory neocortex and hippocampus work toget

5、her in memory consolidation.D Somatosensory neocortex plays it primary role in memory consolidation.【正确答案】c第 2 题【单选题】阅读理解】He is a resolute man.Once he makes up his mind to do something,hewont give it up halfway.The word“resolute“m e a n s.A、strongB firmC、kindD、clever【正确答案】B第 3 题【单选题】【阅读理解】My teacher

6、 once said to me,“If you dont quit,you will win”.I have nodesire to quit writing as Im having too much fun.My thanks go to AssociatedContent and the Yahoo!Contributor Network for all my progress in writing!And tomy fellow writers thank you so much for your support and friendship.May wecontinue to su

7、pport each other for many years to comeSWe can learn from thepassage that.A、the author thinks writing on the Net is very easyB the author has his first book published on the NetC、two years has passed since the author began writingD、the author is grateful for the content sites sincerely【正确答案】D第 4 题【单

8、选题】【阅读理解】Somewhere around puberty(发育；青春期),something happens inthe timing of the biological clock.(2)The clock pushes forward,so adolescents andteenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they used to.When your mother tellsyou its time for bed,your body may be pushing you to stay up for several h

9、oursmore.And the light coming from your computer screen or TV could be pushing youto stay up even later.What is implied in the second paragraph?A、Young childrens biological clock has the same rhythm with that of the teenagers.B、People after puberty begin to go to bed earlier due to the change of the

10、 biological clock.C、Children before puberty tend to fall asleep earlier at night than adolescents.D、Teenagers go to bed later than they used to due to the light from the computer screen.【正确答案】C第 5 题【单选题】【完成句子】The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the$5 a-day minimum wagescheme,the greatest

11、 contribution he had ever made.The average wage in the auto industry thenwas$2.34 for a 9-hour shift.Ford not only doubled that,he also took an hour off the workday.Inthose years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didntinvolve all awful lot of training or

12、education.The Wall Street Journal called the plan an economiccrime,and critics everywhere laughed at Ford.But as the wage increased later to daily$10,itproved a critical component of Fords dream to make the automobile accessible（可及的）to all.Thecritics were too stupid to understand that because Ford h

13、ad lowered his costs per car,the higherwages didnt matter-一except for making it possible for more people to buy Cars.Fords cars becameavailable to ordinary people thanks to.A criticized by the mediaB、the low wage in the auto industryC、their lower pricesD、produce cars in large numbers【正确答案】c第6题【单选题】概

14、括大意Deaf peoplepeople who cant hear-are still able to communicate quite well,with aspecial language.Its called sign language.The speaker of sign language uses hand gestures in orderto communicate.Basic sign language has been used for a long,long time.But sign language wasntreally developed until abou

15、t 250 years ago.In the middle of the 1700/s,a Frenchman named Epeedeveloped sign language.Epee was able to speak and hear,but he worked during most of his life asa teacher of deaf people in France.Epee developed a large number of vocabulary words for signlanguage.Epees system used mostly/picture-ima

16、ge/,signs.We call them picture-image signsbecause the signs create a picture.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Actually Deaf People Can SpeakB、Deaf People Can CommunicateC、Something about Sign LanguageD、Sign Language is Invented by a Deaf People【正确答案】C第7题【单选题】【阅读判断】In life,you will constantly be

17、facing challenges,times when its tough to feel confidentabout what will happen in the future.Times like these will have different degrees of intensity andduration.The greater the degree and the longer the duration,the greater the fear and sense ofuncertainty will be.The fear and sense of uncertainty

18、 will be independent of the degree and theduration of difficult times.()A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B第8题【单选题】(完成句子】Recent studies showed that the average high school student spends fifteen to thirtyhours a week watching television and only two hours a week in organized play or exercise.That isone

19、reason why one-third of the 200,000 pupils tested for the Presidents Council on PhysicalFitness failed a simple test of strength,stamina,and flexibility.Some of the boys and girls could notraise themselves to a sitting position without using their hands!Some people have difficulties instanding up du

20、e to.A、be overweightB、lacking adequate exerciseC hurt badlyD、not used【正确答案】B第 9 题【单选题】阅读理解】“Longer life would give us a chance to recover from our mistakes andpromote long term thinking/says Dr Gregory Stock of the University Of CaliforniaSchool Of Public Health.Mlt would also raise productivity by

21、adding to the year wecan work.Longer lives dont just affect the people who live them.They also affectsociety as a whole.Z/We have war,poverty,all sorts of issues around,and I dontthink any of them would be at all helped by having people live longer/says USbioethicist Daniel Callahan.MThe question is

22、 What will we get as a societys suspectit wont be a better society/Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of thethings that living longer might enable an individual to doA、Spending more time with his family.B、Having more education.C、Realizing more dreams.D、Working longer.【正确答案】B第 10题【单选题】【阅读

23、判断】As a father,I believe that the death of a child in Africa is no less poignant or tragic thanthe death of a child anywhere else,and that it doesnt take much to make an immense difference inthese childrens lives.To Bill Gates mind,there is a big difference between the death of the poorschildren and

24、 the death of the richs children.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B第11题【单选题】【填句补文】He has also included symbols to show which ions are nutrients,and which arecommon in soil or wa t e r.A There have been many attempts to redesign the periodic table since Dmitri Mendeleev drewit up in 1871.B、And the size

25、of elements symbol reflects how much of it is found in the Earths crust.C、Railsback has still ordered the elements according to the number of protons they have.D Raisback has listed some elements more than once.【正确答案】B第12题【单选题】【填句补文】When do people decide whether or not they want to become friends?Du

26、ring theirfirst four minutes together,according to a book by Dr.Leonard Zunin.In his book,Contact:The firstfour minutes,he offers this advice to anyone interested in starting new f r i e n d s h i p s:.Alot of peoples whole lives would change if they did just that.A、That is not the time to complain

27、about ones health or to mention faults one finds in otherpeople.B、Every time you meet someone in a social situation,give him your undivided attention for fourminutes.C、It is not the time to tell the whole truth about ones opinions and impressions.D、He is eager to make friends with everyone.【正确答案】B第

28、13题【单选题】【阅读判断】Since 1939,numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking isa health hazard.The trend of the evidence has been consistent and indicates that there is a serioushealth risk.Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt thattobacco smoking

29、is associated with a shortened life expectancy.Q:Smoking reduces ones lifeexpectancy.A、TrueB FalseC Not Given【正确答案】A第 14题【单选题】【阅读理解】We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can bequite an effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted.Because we can

30、 feel that things are heavy,we think of weight as being a fixedquality in an object,but it is not really fixed at all.If you could take a one-poundpacket of butter 4,000 miles out from the earth,it would weigh only a quarter of apound.How much would four pounds of tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 mil

31、es outfrom the surface of the earth?A、1 pound.B、2 pounds.C、3 pounds.D、4 pounds.【正确答案】A第 15题【单选题】【阅读判断】The index of the countries uses data on incomes,health,unemployment,climate,political stability,job security gender equality as well as what the magazine calls freedom,familyand community lifeJob se

32、curity is the least important measure of life quality.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c第 16题【单选题】【阅读理解】Most of us walk and carry items in our hands every day.These areseemingly simple activities that the majority of us dont question.But aninternational team of researchers,including Dr.Richmond from GW

33、s ColumbianCollege of Arts and Sciences,have discovered that human walking upright may haveoriginated millions of years ago as an adaptation to carrying scarce,high-qualityresources.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the first twoparagraphsA、Many people question the simple hu

34、man activities of walking and carrying items.B、Chimpanzees behaviors may suggest why humans walk on two legs.C Human walking upright is viewed as an adaptation to carrying precious resources.D、Our ancestors ecological conditions resembled those of modern-day chimpanzees.【正确答案】A第 17题【单选题】2009.7 Why d

35、ont you start out early you dont have to hurry?A、so asB、so thatC、as suchD、as well as【正确答案】B第 18题【单选题】【阅读判断】Studies show that children who eat breakfast do better in school.It doesnt take muchfurther thought to believe that adults will feel better and perform better at work as well.Q:Adultswho eat br

36、eakfast will perform better at work.A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】A第19题【单选题】2007.4 As his parents died when he was young,he was_by his uncle.A、brought upB、grown upC、brought outD、taken out【正确答案】A第20题【单选题】2005.4 It was long supposed that the main difference between animals and plants was that theforme

37、r could move about while the could not.A、otherB、latterC、anotherD、later【正确答案】B第21题【单选题】【填句补文】The weather of the Caribbean Sea is almost always warm and sunny.Sandy beachesline the coasts of many islands.Many tourists arrive on cruise ships.A、They are Cuba,Puerto Rico,Jamaica,and Hispaniola.B、The Cari

38、bbean Islands are known by several names.C、Some of these islands are no more than tiny slivers（小片）of exposed coral.D、This is why millions of tourists visit the islands each year.【正确答案】D第22题【单选题】【填句补文】As part of their study,the researchers used a special machine to take action photos ofthe students b

39、r a i ns.This is the same part of the brain that becomes active when goodreaders read.This activated brain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognizefamiliar written words quickly.A、Do you have difficulty reading in class?B The pictures showed an increase in activity in the back

40、 of the brain on the left side.C As part of the study,37 struggling readers received special tutoring.D、By the end of the school year,these children could read faster than before.【正确答案】B第23题【单选题】【填句补文】Some 20,000 tons of antibiotics are used in the European Union and the US each year.More than half

41、are give to farmanimals to prevent disease and promote g r o wt h.AThe warning comes from a researcher in Switzerland who looked at levels of the drugs in farmslurry.B、The drugs could be getting into our food and water.C Many drugs given to humans are also excreted unchanged.D、But recent research ha

42、s found a direct link between the increased use of these farmyarddrugs and the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bugs that infect people.【正确答案】D第 24题【单选题】阅读理解】Another problem the village people face is the destruction caused bywild animals such as the elephant.Elephants will walk through and destro

43、y theircrops,trees and huts in just one night.The cheap and easy solution is to soak ropein chili water and put it up around their fence and it will keep the elephants andother wild animals a way.In the local village,ElephantsA、are important for farmingB、are the only wild animalsC、often cause troubl

44、e to villagers7 cropsD、can be found in each family【正确答案】C第 25题【单选题】2005.10 Since time is limited,wed better our task.A、get onB、get overC get acrossD get into【正确答案】D第 26题【单选题】阅读理解】Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation shouldbe the last choice after all non-biological explanat

45、ions are addressed,Allen said.We have a lot of work to do to rule out（排除.的可能性）possible non-biologicalexplanations.It is more likely that a chemical process,without biology,can explainthese results.What can be inferred from what Allen said?A、Scientists have different arguments over whether there is l

46、ife on Titan.B、Scientists all agree that there is life on Titan.C Scientists all suggest that a biological explanation is reasonable.D、Scientists all agree that a non-biological chemical reaction is a possible explanation.【正确答案】A第 27题【单选题】【阅读理解】The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state mi

47、litary apparatus.While the one protects the individual from violence,the other sacrifices theindividual to violence in the interests of the state.In war the state affirms supremepower over the individuals within its own borders.War is not simply a trial bycombat to settle disputes between states;it

48、is the moment when the state makesits most powerful demands upon its people for their commitment,allegiance,andsupreme sacrifice.Times of war test a community/s deepest religious and ethicalcommitments.What can we learn from the paragraph?A、Governments tend to abuse their supreme Power in times of w

49、ar.B、In times of war governments may extend their power across national borders.C In times of war governments impose high religious and ethical standards on their people.D、Governments may sacrifice individuals in the interests of the state in times of war.【正确答案】D第 28题【单选题】【阅读理解】During work Tom alway

50、s thought of the girl and felt as if he had mether somewhere,but he couldnt remember when.Tom concluded that the girl wasin love with him and he was very excited.This girl maybe looked not as beautiful asthe girl he had dated the other day,but she had a grand（豪华的）car.She must bevery rich.So he chose