探索高考完形填空微技巧中学教育高考_中学教育-高考.pdf

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1、探索完形填空微技巧 2014,2 Task 1.Think and Discussion 完形填空得分不高的原因:同学解题时的坏习惯:1)短视,只关注句子的空,或者有空格的那一个句子,忽略上下文的连贯性,这样会造成因断章取义而错选答案。2)想当然,很多学生边读边忘记前面的内容,遇空只用代入法,过于勉强地选择答案。3)时间用错地方，有学生花了大量的时间在犹豫不决地考虑干扰项上，而在原文的理解，线索的寻找上花的时间则太少，以致无法确定正确答案。完形填空的特点：1、基本不考语法,考四大实词：动词、名词、形容词和副词。2、有目的地切断句子或段落之间潜在的联系；3、考察对篇章及作者写作意图的理解；4、挖

2、去的词多在上下文中有解题线索。Task 2.Learn some skills.技巧一:找首句线索 第一句往往是文章的主题句(Topic Sentence)，或是含有主题词的句子;是文章发展的重要线索;可以帮助预测文章话题、结构和作者观点态度等;请阅读下列句子(文章的第一句话),并预测该文章的话题和作者的观点。1.Number sense is not the ability to count.(2013,广东)_ 2.We all know that some things are obviously right。(2012,广东)_ 3.It has been argued by some

3、 that gifted children should be grouped in special classes.(2011,广东)_ 4.If you give employees the right to telework,be careful!(2月月考）_ 技巧二:找逻辑线索 根据空格所在句的前后部分或上下句之间的因果、并列、转折等逻辑关系，进行适当的逻辑推理即可得出答案。常见的语篇标志性的词语有以下几种:1 因果关系：_,_,_；2 递进关系：_,_,_;3 转折关系：_,_,_ 等。4.并列关系：_,_,_等。1.Rules help us live together in h

4、armony,because they show us the right way to _ others.(2012,广东）A.follow B.instruct C.treat D.protect 2.These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows _ and pale and has changed so much that it is almost unrecognizable to the parents.(08 广东高考)A.sick B.slim C.short D.small 3.For example,they may be

5、lieve that people should always tell the truth,and that lying is _ acceptable.(2012,广东）A.seldom B.rarely C.merely D.never 技巧三:找词汇的复现线索 词汇的复现关系指的是某一词以原词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词、概括词或其它形式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到了相互衔接。1.Tales of the supernatural are common in all parts of Britain.In particular,there was(and pe

6、rhaps still is)a belief in fairies(仙女).Not all of these 21 are the friendly,people-loving characters that appear in Disney films（08 广东卷）A.babies B.believers C.fairies D.supermen 2.Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious.The gifted child who is bored is an 15 child.(2011,广东)A.outstanding

7、 B.intelligent C.anxious D.ordinary 3.Number sense is not the ability to count.It is the ability to recognize a change in number.It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world,and that our human 15 is not much better than a crow s.(2013,广东）A.sight B.nature

8、C.ability D.belief 4.Every country has its own culture.Even though each country uses doors,doors many have different functions and purposes which lead to _22_ differences.(2010,广东）A.national B.embarrassing C.cultural D.amazing 5.Students generally appreciate these special 5 opportunities.They are al

9、most always fun and interesting,and professors like them too because students learn so much in just a few short months.A.working B.living C.teaching D.learning 6.There were many ways to prevent this from happening:hanging a knife over the babys head while he slept or covering him with some of his fa

10、thers clothes were j ust two of the recommended（推荐）_7_.(08 广东)A.cases B.tools C.steps D.methods 7.(2014，佛山一模)They keep children occupied,and 5 children usually stayed out of trouble.A.busy B.young C.lonely D.poor 8.You have to push the door with the word“PUSH”to go out of the building and to pull th

11、e door with the word“PULL”to 24 the building.(2010 广东）A.enter B.leave C.open D.close 9.Car drivers have to obey traffic regulations that tell them the right things to do on the road to avoid crashes.Cyclists who give signals before turning off stopping help prevent_.(2012,广东)A.accidents B.mistakes C

12、.falls D.deaths 技巧四:找生活、文化常识线索 1.Some insist that stealing is always wrong,but others think that one does not need to feel so _ when stealing some food to eat,if he lives in a really poor area and he is _.A.nervous B.anxious C.afraid D.guilty A.begging B.starving C.growing D.wandering 2.She was alwa

13、ys waiting at the bus stop around 8:00.On 2 days,she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves.A.sunny B.rainy C.cloudy D.snowy Task3.Practice 1.真题验证：下面让我们通过 2010 年广东高考英语完形填空题来验证这两个绝招的神奇作用吧！Every country has its own culture.Even though each country uses doors,doors may have_21_functions and pur

14、poses which lead to _22_differences.When I first came to America,I noticed that a public building had two different_23_ and they had distinct functions.You have to push the door with the word“PUSH”to go out of the building and to pull 忽略上下文的连贯性这样会造成因断章取义而错选答案想当然很多学生边读边忘记前面的内容遇空只用代入法过于勉强地选择答案时间用错地方有学

15、生花了大量的时间在犹豫不决地考虑干扰项上而在原文的理解线索的寻找上花的时子或段落之间潜在的联考察对篇章及作者写作意图的理解挖去的词多在上下文中有解题线索技巧一找首句线索第一句往往是文章的主题句或是含有主题词的句子是文章发展的重要线索可以帮助预测文章话题结构和作者观点态度等请所在句的前后部分或上下句之间的因果并列转折等逻辑关进行适当的逻辑推理即可得出答案常见的语篇标志性的词语有以下几种因果关递进关转折关等并列关等广东广东高考广东技巧三找词汇的复现线索词汇的复现关指的是某一词the door with the word“PULL”to _24_the building.This was new t

16、o me,because we use the _25_door in South Korea.For quite a few times I failed to go out of a shopping centre and was embarrassed.The way of using school bus doors was also _26_to me.I used to take the school bus to classes.The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors

17、,_27_who were getting off the bus should get off first,and students who were getting on should get on _28_.In South Korea,we do not need to wait for people to get off.One morning,I hurried to the bus,and when the bus doors opened,I_29_tried to get on the school bus through the front door.All the stu

18、dents around looked at me,I was totally _30_,and my face went red.21.A.different B.important C.practical D.unusual 22.A.national B.embarrassing C.cultural D.amazing 23.A.exits B.entrances C.signs D.doors 24.A.enter B.leave C.open D.close 25.A.main B.same C.front D.back 26.A.annoying B.hard C.satisfy

19、ing D.strange 27.A.parents B.students C.teachers D.drivers 28.A.sooner B.later C.faster D.earlier 29.A.politely B.patiently C.unconsciously D.slowly 30.A.embarrassed B.annoyed C.unsatisfied D.excited 哈哈，神奇吧？都可以运用复现或同现做出来！运用主要技巧，做做下面完形填空题，看看你真正掌握了绝招没有？Have you ever noticed how you feel about yourself

20、 depends on whether or not you get confirmation of your value from others?I learned it from Frank who taught me to 1 dogs.Frank always helped the guard dogs he trained feel respected,protected and 2 .He 3 by giving his dogs with love and respect,and by 4 them a large amount of patience as they were

21、learning.He would cut a small piece of 5 for each dog.He would place the carpet in the dogs 6 area,for him to lie on each night.He would also take it during the 7 and sit the dog in various locations,as he praised the dog for being 8.Whenever he went,he would pick up the carpet and 9 it to the new p

22、lace,and sit the dog down.Soon the piece of carpet took on the distinct 10 of the dog.Next,Frank would 11 the dog to pick up the piece of carpet himself,and carry it wherever he goes.The dog learned this 12 ,with Frank often praising him for being a good dog.“No matter where the dog goes,he receives

23、 my love and 13 ,”said Frank.If this strategy works so 14 with dogs,wouldnt it work just as well with human be ings?Ask yourself,“Wouldnt your life be very 15 if you changed your piece of carpet to one full of love and appreciation?”1.A.raise B.train C.select D.distribute 2.A.loved B.existed C.looke

24、d D.expected 3.A.figured out B.set out C.started out D.worked out 4.A.showing B.finding C.needing D.cultivating 5.A.expression B.result C.form D.carpet 6.A.sleeping B.learning C.drinking D.playing 7.A.break B.interruption C.day D.course 忽略上下文的连贯性这样会造成因断章取义而错选答案想当然很多学生边读边忘记前面的内容遇空只用代入法过于勉强地选择答案时间用错地方

25、有学生花了大量的时间在犹豫不决地考虑干扰项上而在原文的理解线索的寻找上花的时子或段落之间潜在的联考察对篇章及作者写作意图的理解挖去的词多在上下文中有解题线索技巧一找首句线索第一句往往是文章的主题句或是含有主题词的句子是文章发展的重要线索可以帮助预测文章话题结构和作者观点态度等请所在句的前后部分或上下句之间的因果并列转折等逻辑关进行适当的逻辑推理即可得出答案常见的语篇标志性的词语有以下几种因果关递进关转折关等并列关等广东广东高考广东技巧三找词汇的复现线索词汇的复现关指的是某一词8.A.lovely B.good C.smart D.brave 9.A.fetch B.send C.carry D

26、.lend 10.A.smell B.shape C.habit D.fur 11.A.teach B.force C.advise D.invite 12.A.shortly B.hardly C.quickly D.willingly 13.A.money B.help C.contribution D.appreciation 14.A.brilliantly B.badly C.easily D.truly 15.A.careful B.offensive C.doubtful D.different 补充知识：复现是一种词汇衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词

27、或同根词等形式，重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确答案。(1)原词复现。为了表达需要，在具体的上下文中同一个单词重复出现。All of a sudden I started to feel rather _1_.She wondered why I was looking for this sort of _2_.I felt even more helpless when she told me that it would be difficult to get a job wit

28、hout experience.1.A.encouraged B.dissatisfied C.helpless D.pleased 2.A.place B.job C.advice D.help(2)同义词、近义词复现。同义词、近义词复现是借助意思相同或相近的表达方式，或解释性的语言使上下文的语义得以连接起来。如：That is what a hobby means,I guess.It is something we like to do in our spare time simply for the _ of it.The value in dollars is not importa

29、nt;we do it for the pleasure it gives us.A.benefit B.good C.fun D.interest (3)反义词复现。语意的连贯有时是通过对比结构而采用反义复现的手段，或者是以反义的方式对前文加以解释，考生可以从反义的角度判断正确的选项。如：Forcing yourself to recall almost never helps because it doesnt _ your money;it only tightens it.A.loosen B.weaken C.decrease D.reduce (4)同源词或同根词复现。对于上下文语

30、义复现的表达，还可借助复现信息的同源词或同根词。如：Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the students.If a long reading assignment is given,the instructors expect students to be familiar with the information in the readingWhen research is _,the professor expects the student to take it activel

31、y and to complete it with minimum guidance.A.collected B.assigned C.distributed D.finished 可以确定选 B，构成 assign research 的结构。(5)上义词复现。上义词具有概括的作用。在篇章中，有时为了表达的需要，作者会先概述，再分述。概述时用的为上义词，分述则用比较具体的下义词，两者为总分关系。如：Other times,he would join student groups to discuss a variety of _:agriculture,diving and mathemati

32、cs.A.questions B.subjects C.matters D.contents 忽略上下文的连贯性这样会造成因断章取义而错选答案想当然很多学生边读边忘记前面的内容遇空只用代入法过于勉强地选择答案时间用错地方有学生花了大量的时间在犹豫不决地考虑干扰项上而在原文的理解线索的寻找上花的时子或段落之间潜在的联考察对篇章及作者写作意图的理解挖去的词多在上下文中有解题线索技巧一找首句线索第一句往往是文章的主题句或是含有主题词的句子是文章发展的重要线索可以帮助预测文章话题结构和作者观点态度等请所在句的前后部分或上下句之间的因果并列转折等逻辑关进行适当的逻辑推理即可得出答案常见的语篇标志性的词语有以下几种因果关递进关转折关等并列关等广东广东高考广东技巧三找词汇的复现线索词汇的复现关指的是某一词