高一名词性从句学案高考英语_-高中教育.pdf

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1、 名词性从句学案 引入：1.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 She has a new bike.2.主语+谓语(不及物动词)The flowers are blooming.3.主语+系动词+表语 Miss Jones is a secretary.4.主语+谓语+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)The mother will buy the girl a dress.5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 The boy，my classmate，often made our teacher angry。名词可以用来充当_ 同样可以把句子中的名词换成一个小句子。1.Whether life will

2、 continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.2.What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun.3.May I ask what you were doing in my restaurant yesterday?4.I wanted to know where al

3、l my customers had gone yesterday.5.This is how the earth began to show its special qualities.6.Thats why weve given you the letter.7.We heard the news that our team had won.8.I have no idea how soon they are coming.如果这个小句子充当了句子的主语，那么这个小句子叫_；充当了宾语叫_，充当了表语叫_，充当了同位语叫_。引导名词性从句必须要有一个_。名词性从句都采用_语序。从属连词 t

4、hat 在从句中不充当任何成分，一般可以省略 从属连词 if,whether：在从句中不充当任何成分，不可以省略 连接代词 who,whoever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,what,whatever,whose：在从句中充当成分，有意义，不可以省略 连接副词 where,when,why,how：在从句中充当成分，有意义，不可以省略 一、主语从句 1.1).What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation.2).Whether wild life can be well protected is

5、 of great importance.3).Who will go makes no difference.4).Which kind of food is the best is still not certain.5).When they will have a new restaurant opened has not been decided yet.6)How gold was found there is not clear.7).Why there is gravity is hard to understand.由以上例句可以看出，主语从句在复合句中充当主语 2.主 语 从

6、 句 通 常 由 连 接 词 _，和 连 接 代 词 _ 以 及 连 接 副 词_等词引导。that 在句中_，只起_作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分 3.有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语_代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句_。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：It is/was+adj.+that 从句 It is/was+a pity(a fact,a shame,an honor,a wonder,no wonder)+that从句 It is said(reported,announced,thoug

7、ht,believed,decided,expected等)+that It is suggested(advised,ordered,requested,insisted,required 等)+that 从句 It seems(appear,happen,matter 等)+that 从句 另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that It is a pity(a shame,no wonder,etc.)t

8、hat It is suggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that-It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.A.while B.that C.if D.for It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time.A.how B.that C.when D.what It is known to us _ where there is pollution,there is harm.A.which B.wh

9、ere C.what D.that 单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用句单数形式；如果是两个或两个以上的主语作主语，谓语动词则视情况而定。When and where he was born _ not been found.(has/have)When he was born and where he was born _ not been found.(has/have)When and why the person was murdered _ still unknown.(is/are)When the person was murdered and why he was murder

10、ed _ still unknown.(is/are)Exercises:._ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A.What B.Who C.Whatever D.Whoever _I can pay back the help that people give me makes me very happy.A.Where B.What C.That D.How Its not clear _ was responsible for the accident.A.Who B.What C.Ho

11、w D.That _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A.What is required B.What requires C.It is required D.It requires 二、宾语从句 1.1）I think(that)women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science.2)I wonder whether/if Lin Qiaozhi remembe

12、red how many babies she had delivered.3)Do you know who/whom John Adams was speaking to?4)He asked whose spacesuit it was.5)Pay attention to what the doctor said,will you?6)He cant tell me when Jo dy Williams won the Nobel Peace Prize.7)I dont know where Charlie Chaplin got his stick.8)Will you tell

13、 me how I can keep fit and healthy?9)Do you know why he was absent?宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。2.引导宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句连接词基本相同，通常由从属连词 that，whether，if 和连接代词 what，who，which，whatever，whoever,whom,whose以及连接副词 how，when，where，why 等词引导。在句中可以作_的宾语。(1)V+宾语从句，即“动宾”：We believe that he is honest./I asked if they had a cheap suit.

14、/Can you tell me which dictionary is hers?I just dont understand _ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect.A.why it does B.what it does C.what it is D.why it is-Dont you believe me?-_,I will believe _ you say.A.No;whatever B.Yes;no matter what C.No;no matter what D.Ye

15、s;whatever“What did your parents think about your decision?”“They always let me do _ I think I should.”A.when B.that C.how D.what.(2)prep+宾语从句，即“介宾”：Hes pleased with what we did yesterday./Pay attention to what the teacher said.I wish to have a friend with _ shares my hobbies and interests.A.whomeve

16、r B.no matter who C.whoever D.anyone Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game.A.why B.what C.who D.that It was a matter of _ would take the position.A.who B.whoever C.whom D.whomever 中华人民共和国证券投资基金法以下简称基金法等相关规定制定本办法第二条中国证券投资基金业协会以下简称协会是从业资格考试的组织机构负责组织从业资格考试工作第三条协会的从业资格考试工作接受中国证券

17、监督管理委员制定考试规则二确定考试科目制定考试大纲三组织编写出版发行考试统编教材四编制考试预决算五确定考试方式考试时间和考试频次发布考试计划和公告六组织命题工作七组织考务工作八公布考试成绩九对考试违纪情况进行处理十决算经中国证监会批准之后执行第三章从业资格考试第页第六条报名参加从业资格考试的人员以下简称报考人员应当符合下列条件一具有完全民事行为能力二考试报名截止之日年满周岁三具有高中以上文化程度四中国证监会及协会(3)adj+宾语从句，即“形宾”：Im sure tha t my brother will love the jacket./I am glad that you can come

18、 and help me.不能误将”It+be+adj+that”的主语从句当成宾语从句.如：It is necessary that we should learn English well.注意：1.(1)whether 与 if 都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。宾语从句是否定句时，只用 if，不用 whether。I wonder if it doesnt rain.用 if 会引起误解，就要用 whether。Please let me know whether you want to go.（如果把 whether 改成 if，容易当成条件句理解）宾语从句中的 wh

19、ether 与 or not 直接连用，就不能换成 if；不直接连用，可换成 if。I dont know whether or not the report is true.I dont know whether the report is true or not.介词后的宾语从句要用 whether 引导。whether 可与不定式连用，构成 whether to do 结构。whether 也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成 if。但引导条件从句时，只能用 if，而不能用 whether。They dont know whether to go

20、there.Please come to see me if you have time.Exercises:I asked her _ she had a bike._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.Were worried about _ he is safe.I dont know _ he is well or not.I dont know _ or not he is well.The question is _ he should do it.The doctor can

21、hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.2.由连接词 that 引导的宾语从句 1）He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.2）We must never think(that)we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.由连接词 that 引导宾语从句时，that 在句中_ 在口语或非正式的文体中常被_，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的 that_。例如：We all know

22、(that)he is a middle-school student and that he studies hard.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，就用 it 作_，将宾语从句后置，并且 that_ He has made it clear _he will win the game.I find it necessary _we should learn English well.We find it necessary _we practice spoken English every day.3.宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1）I insist that she(should)do her

23、 work alone.2）The commander ordered that troops(should)set off at once.在 demand、order、suggest、insist,desire,request,command,recommend 等表示_等意义的动词后,宾语从句用虚拟语气_ 4.动词 find,feel,think,consider,make 等后接复合宾语时，要用 it 作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语从句后置。I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.有些动词带宾语从

24、句时习惯上需要在宾语从句前加_，这类动词有_ I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food.5.特殊句型：特殊疑问词+do you think/believe/suppose/imagine/expect+陈述语序 When do you think she will succeed?Do you know/ask/tell+特殊疑问词+陈述语序？Do you know where the police found the lost boy?6.否定转移现象.中华人民共和国证券投资基金法以下简称基金法等相关规定制定本办法第二条中国

25、证券投资基金业协会以下简称协会是从业资格考试的组织机构负责组织从业资格考试工作第三条协会的从业资格考试工作接受中国证券监督管理委员制定考试规则二确定考试科目制定考试大纲三组织编写出版发行考试统编教材四编制考试预决算五确定考试方式考试时间和考试频次发布考试计划和公告六组织命题工作七组织考务工作八公布考试成绩九对考试违纪情况进行处理十决算经中国证监会批准之后执行第三章从业资格考试第页第六条报名参加从业资格考试的人员以下简称报考人员应当符合下列条件一具有完全民事行为能力二考试报名截止之日年满周岁三具有高中以上文化程度四中国证监会及协会1）We dont think you are here.我们认为

26、你不在这。2）I dont believe he will do so.我相信他不会这样做。think,believe,imagine,suppose 等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为_。即将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中。必须注意：该种情况下，主语为_。(5)宾语从句的时态呼应：a.如果主句时态是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.He believes _.b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.Please tell me _.b.如果主句谓语是一般过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但如果从句表达的是客观事实

27、、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备.He told me _.他说他已离开家乡十年了。He told me _.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的.The teacher told us _.Exercises:Do you see _ I mean?A.that B./C.how D.what Tell me_ is on your mind.A.that B.what C.which D.why We must stick to _ we have agreed on.A.what B.that C./D.how Let me see _.A.that c

28、an I repair the radio B.whether I can repair the radio C.I can repair the radio D.whether can I repair the radio Keep in mind _.A.that the teacher said B.what did the teacher say C.that did the teacher say D.what the teacher said 三.表语从句：在复合句中作主句的表语。引导词有连词 that,whether,as if,as though;who,what,which,

29、whose;when,where,how,why,because 等。如:The problem is _ we didnt get in touch with him.This is _ Henry solved the problem.His suggestion is _ we(should)finish the work at once.It looked _ it was going to rain.The reason _ we didnt trust him is _ he has often lied 注意：1.如果句子的主语是 suggestion,advice,order,

30、demand,proposal 等名词时,后面引导的表语从句用 should+动词原形,should 可省略。他的建议是我们应该马上完成工作.His suggestion is that we(should)finish the work at once.2.The reason is that 的理由是，的原因是 The reason _ he was late again was _ he was caught in the traffic jam.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed.A.why;why B.why;

31、because C.why;that D.that;because 3.It is because 这是因为 It is why 那就是的原因。Exercises:This is _ she was born.A.where B.which C.that D.what The question is _ we cant go there today.A.that B.what C.which D.when The reason he has made such great progress is _ he has never wasted his time.A.because B.why C.

32、that D.what My advice is that he _ school by bike.中华人民共和国证券投资基金法以下简称基金法等相关规定制定本办法第二条中国证券投资基金业协会以下简称协会是从业资格考试的组织机构负责组织从业资格考试工作第三条协会的从业资格考试工作接受中国证券监督管理委员制定考试规则二确定考试科目制定考试大纲三组织编写出版发行考试统编教材四编制考试预决算五确定考试方式考试时间和考试频次发布考试计划和公告六组织命题工作七组织考务工作八公布考试成绩九对考试违纪情况进行处理十决算经中国证监会批准之后执行第三章从业资格考试第页第六条报名参加从业资格考试的人员以下简称报考人

33、员应当符合下列条件一具有完全民事行为能力二考试报名截止之日年满周岁三具有高中以上文化程度四中国证监会及协会A.go to B.would go to C.goes to D.went to _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A.What;why B.That;what C.What;because D.Why;that Energy is _ makes things work.A.what B.everything C.something D.anyth

34、ing 四、同位语从句 11）I have no idea when Chaplins film will be on again.2).We were very excited at the news that our team had won.3)The fact that women can work as well as men is clear.4)Henry Adams made a promise that he would not open it until 2 oclock.同位语从句在复合句中做同位语，它一般跟在某些_名词 _等后面，用以说明或者解释前面的名词(whose

35、和 which 不引导同位语从句)。We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun.A.that B.which C.what D.whether We heard the news _ our team had won.A.which B.that C.what D.where The problem _ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.A.which B.that C.whether D.if They expressed the hope _they would come

36、 over to China.A.which B.that C.whom D.when The fact_he didnt see Tom yesterday is true.A.that B.which C.when D.what 2.引导同位语从句的词有连词 that,连接副词 how,when,where 等。3.The desire was that a treaty(should)be signed.表示意愿，要求，命令，建议等名词后的同位语从句中，谓语动词也用 should+动词原形，should 可以省略。a.The suggestion that he _ at the mee

37、ting was agreed to by most people.A.was put forward B.put forward C.should look forward D.looked forward b.The suggestion that we _ to picnic on Sunday was agreed to by most people.A went B.would go C.go D.were allowed to go 2.同位语从句通常靠近它的_，但是如果主句谓语较短或中心词带有较长的修饰语，则同位语从句与名词中心词形成分隔称为隔裂式同位语从句。He got the

38、 news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.Word came that Tom would go abroad.The question came up at the meeting _we had enough money for our research.A.that B.what C.which D.whether Theres a feeling in me _well never know what a UFO is-not ever.A.that B.which C.of which D.what It remains

39、a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time.A.how B.that C.when D.what Danby left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon A.who B.that C.as D.which 4.that 引导同位语从句与定语从句的主要区别：They were all shocked at the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.他们都为德国向俄国宣战而感到震惊

40、。(同位语从句，that 只起_，在句中_。)They were all shocked at the news that was announced on the radio.他们都为收音机中宣布的消息而震惊。（定语从句，that 在从句中_，若省略 that，句子成分_。）从意义上来说，_对一个名词加以补充说明，_对一个名词进行修饰或限定。从结构上说，that 引导定语从句时，从句是_，that 在从句中一定要_，作宾语时可以省略。中华人民共和国证券投资基金法以下简称基金法等相关规定制定本办法第二条中国证券投资基金业协会以下简称协会是从业资格考试的组织机构负责组织从业资格考试工作第三条协会

41、的从业资格考试工作接受中国证券监督管理委员制定考试规则二确定考试科目制定考试大纲三组织编写出版发行考试统编教材四编制考试预决算五确定考试方式考试时间和考试频次发布考试计划和公告六组织命题工作七组织考务工作八公布考试成绩九对考试违纪情况进行处理十决算经中国证监会批准之后执行第三章从业资格考试第页第六条报名参加从业资格考试的人员以下简称报考人员应当符合下列条件一具有完全民事行为能力二考试报名截止之日年满周岁三具有高中以上文化程度四中国证监会及协会that 引导同位语从句时，在从句中_，从句是_。5.同位语从句的隔开现象 The fact has to be faced that the neare

42、st filling station is thirty kilometres away.同位语从句通常靠近它的中心词，但是如果主句谓语较短或中心词带有较长的修饰语，则同位语从句与名词中心词形成分隔。四名词性从句应该注意的问题：1.that 和 what 引导名词性从句中的区别 1)Our trouble is that we are short of money.2)That is what he is worried about.由以上例句看出，what 为代词，在从句中做成分，意义上相当于 the thing(s)that,引导主语从句时，谓语动词由句意决定其单复数。That 不做任何成

43、分，只起连接作用，无任何意义，引导宾语从句时常被省略，但引导主语从句（且在句首时），表语从句，同位语从句时，that 不能省略。2.whether 与 if 的用法比较 1)引导主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句以及介词后面的宾语从句时只用 whether.It depends on whether it will rain 2)whether 可以与 or not 连用。I want to know whether its good news or not.3)为了避免与表示条件的 if 重复或者避免出现歧义时，用 whether Could you tell me if you know th

44、e answer?这句话有两种意思：“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗？”或“如果你知道答案，请告诉我，好吗？”。如用 whether 可避免歧义.4）后接不定式时，用 whether I can decide whether to stay.5）在动词 discuss 后做宾语，用 whether We discussed whether we should close the shop.名词性从句的考点归纳：1.名词性从句的语序：a.That+陈述句：That light travels in straight lines is known to all.-I saw your neighbor

45、break your window with a basketball.-_ it made me nearly mad.A.That he broke B.What he broke C.He broke D.His break b.疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述语序，不能用一般疑问句语序,即“疑问词+陈述句语序”。I dont know when he will go to Nanjing.This is what we are looking for.a.How was he successful is still a puzzle.()How he was successful i

46、s still a puzzle.()b.Could you tell me where he lives?()Could you tell me where does he live?()2.表示“建议，命令，要求”的名词性从句，如(suggest)suggestion,(advise)advice,order,request,demand等，要用虚拟语气，即 should+动词原形,should 可省略。3.that 可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的 that 可省略 that 不可省略的情况：主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、用 it 做形式宾语的宾语从句、并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导

47、词 that 不能省略 I dont think _ she is coming.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.The reason is _ he is careless.The news _ our team won the match inspired us.I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.4.关于 whether

48、与 if 的使用：What the doctor is uncertain about is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A.when B.how C.whether D.why Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _ it is rough or smooth.A.不填 B.whether C.how D.what The question is _the film is worth seeing.A.if B.what

49、 C.whether D.how _ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.中华人民共和国证券投资基金法以下简称基金法等相关规定制定本办法第二条中国证券投资基金业协会以下简称协会是从业资格考试的组织机构负责组织从业资格考试工作第三条协会的从业资格考试工作接受中国证券监督管理委员制定考试规则二确定考试科目制定考试大纲三组织编写出版发行考试统编教材四编制考试预决算五确定考试方式考试时间和考试频次发布考试计划和公告六组织命题工作七组织考务工作八公布考试成绩九对考试违纪情况进行处理十决算经中国证监会批准之后执行第三章从业资格

50、考试第页第六条报名参加从业资格考试的人员以下简称报考人员应当符合下列条件一具有完全民事行为能力二考试报名截止之日年满周岁三具有高中以上文化程度四中国证监会及协会A.That B.Whether C.If D.Even if Exercise:我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。I dont know _ broke th e glass yesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。I have no idea _ he looks like.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。This