上海市松江二中2021-2022学年高三下学期线上5月测评英语试题 Word版含解析.docx

《上海市松江二中2021-2022学年高三下学期线上5月测评英语试题 Word版含解析.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《上海市松江二中2021-2022学年高三下学期线上5月测评英语试题 Word版含解析.docx（25页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2021学年高三第二学期阶段性检测英语试卷（完卷时间：120分钟满分：150分）I. Listening Comprehension（30 分）Section A（共10分,每小题1分。每小题只有一个正确答案。）Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the que

2、stions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a hospital. B. In a restaurant. C. At a bank. D. At a cinema.2. A. 15 minutes. B. 30

3、 minutes. C. 45 minutes. D. 60 minutes.3. A. Visit her mother. B. Buy some lunch.C. Go to a cafeteria. D. Send her mother to hospital.4. A. They need to prepare more food for the party.B. Not more than 100 people will attend the party.C. He has invited more than 100 people to the party.D. There is n

4、o need to worry about tonights weather.5. A. Cutting down on smoking. B. Not taking medicine on time.C Neglecting the doctors advice. D. Not having enough sleep.6. A. Carpet cleaners. B. Special materials.C. Shoes. D. Cellphones.7. A. Keep quiet in class. B. Talk to （he profess。匚C. Arrive at class p

5、unctually. D. Borrow notes from his classmates.8. A. The woman should be in the play.B He plans to sing a song for the musical.C. The woman had better ask someone else.D. He is interested in joining the drama club.9. A. He is too sick to have any visitor. B. He has changed his plan.C. His flight was

6、 cancelled. D. His flight was delayed.28. A. pressureB. powerC. concernD. strength29. A. existenceB. ecosystemC. planetD. survival30. A. unfortunatelyB. consequentlyC. naturallyD. similarly31. A. storeB. foodC. smokeD. wealth32. A. subjectB. downC. apartD. victim33. A. trendB. practiceC. increaseD.

7、attitude34. A. protectionB. induslrializationC. modernizationD. deforestation35. A. appearanceB. explosionC. lossD. increase【答案】21. B22. B23. D 24. A25. A 26. C 27. D28. A 29. B 30. A 31C 32. D 33. A34. D 35. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。雨林生态系统经过几百万年的进化变成了现在这么复杂的系统，雨林呈现 出生物多样性，但同时也很脆弱，物种之间息息相关，雨林因为要满足人类的经济发展和人

8、口增长的需 要而被人类肆意破坏，雨林正在以惊人的速度消失，同时因此产生了多个恶果。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是不可能用胶片拍摄，用语言描述，或解释给从没有去过雨林深处体验过 这种令人惊叹的经历的人。A. maintain保持;B. capture拍摄;C. claim声称;D. prove证实。上文“The beauty, majesty, and timelessness of a primary rainforest are indescribable.（原始雨林的美丽、庄严和永恒是无 法形容的。）”可知，雨林的美只能亲自去体验，电影都无法捕捉到雨林的美和神秘，故选B项。【2

9、2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：雨林经过了数百万年的进化，才形成了今天这种难以置信地复杂的环境。A. changed改变；B. evolved进化；C. expanded扩大，增加；D. existed存在。根据句意，雨林变成现在的状 态，是经历了几百万年的进化才形成的，evolved符合语境。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：雨林是一个有生命和还呼吸着的可再生自然资源的宝库，多年来，由于其丰 富的动植物物种，为人类的生存和福祉贡献了丰富的资源。A. energizing使人充满活力；B. healing治 疗；C. isolating隔离；D. breathing呼吸。根据句

10、意，and前后两个词都强调活着的，现在分词作定语，修 饰 natural resources, breathing 符合语境。故选 D 项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：雨林是一个有生命和还呼吸着的可再生自然资源的宝库，多年来，由于其丰 富的动植物物种，为人类的生存和福祉贡献了丰富的资源。A. contributed有助于，贡献；B. stored储存， 容纳；C. reduced减少；D. affected影响。根据句意，雨林中丰富的动植物为人类的生存做出了贡献， conlribuled符合语境。故选A项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，热带雨林的内部动态是一个复杂而脆弱

11、的系统。A. However然而；B. Furthe门nore 而且；C. Therefore 因此；D. Otherwise 否则。由下句Everything is so 6 that upsetting one part can lead to unknown damage or even destruction of the whole.（切都是如此的相互依赖， 破坏一个部分会导致未知的损坏，甚至整个森林的毁坏。）”可知，上文写的雨林的丰富性，此处借助于 however,介绍了雨林的脆弱性，与上文形成对比。故选A项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都是如此的相互依赖，破坏一个

12、部分会导致未知的损坏，甚至整个森 林的毁坏。A. active活跃的；B. sensitive善解人意的；C. interdependent相互依赖的：D. delicate脆弱 的。根据句意，“牵一发而动全身”，对雨林的任何破坏，都会危及到其他物种，甚至危及整个森林， 可推知：雨林中的一切都是相互依赖的。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析二句意：可悲的是，人类只花了一个世纪的干预就摧毁了大自然设计的永存之物。A.restore 恢复；B. support 支持；C. revive 使复兴；D. last 持续。上文 “Rainforests have 2 over millions o

13、f years to turn into the incredibly complex environments they are today.（雨林经过 了数百万年的 进化，才形成了今天这种难以置信地复杂的环境。）”可知，短短一个世纪，人为干涉就破坏了大自然花 了数百万年进化而来的生态系统，倘若没有人为干涉，生态系统本是可以持续永远的，last符合语境。故 选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句句意：在过去几十年里，人类对世界各地生态系统的压力大大增加。A. pressure 压力;B. power 能力;C. concern 忧虑,关爱；D. strength 实力,强度。由下文 “S

14、ince 1980 the global economy has tripled in size and the world population has increased by 30 percent.（自 1980 年以来，全球经济规 模增长了两倍，世界人口增长了 30%）”可知，随着人类发展经济的生产原材料的需要，以及人口增长导 致的对生存物资的需要，人类对生态系统的索取越加增大，生态系统的压力增加了。故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：地球上一切事物的消耗都在增加以我们的生态系统为代价。A. existence 存在；B. ecosystem 生态系统；C. planet

15、行星；D. survival 生存。上文 “The scale of human 8 on ecosystems everywhere has increased enormously in the last few decades. Since 1980 the global economy hastripled in size and the world population has increased by 30 percent （在过去的几十年里，人类对世界各地生态 系统的压力大大增加。自1980年以来，全球经济规模增长了两倍，世界人口增长了 30%)”可知，经济发 展和人口激增，都是

16、在消耗地球生态系统，以生态系统为代价。故选B项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们进一步报告说，到2050年，对木材的需求可能会翻一番；不幸的是，世 界上的热带森林仍然是世界木材需求的主要来源。A. unfortunately不幸地，遗憾地；B. consequently 0 此；C. naturally自然地；D. similarly相似地。根据上下文，雨林已经不堪重荷，但是人类对木材需求还 在增加，很不幸地，压力依然落在热带雨林上。故选A项。31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，一半以上的雨林己经化为乌有。A. store商店；B. food食物；C. smoke 烟；D. w

17、ealth财富。短语go up in smoke,意为“像烟一样一下子就消失了，随烟飘散，smoke符合句 意。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词和动词短语辨析。句意：在不到5()年的时间里，世界上一半以上的热带雨林都成为了火灾和电 锯的牺牲品，而且这种破坏的速度还在加快。A. subject主题；B. (fall) down跌倒；C. fall (apart)分开；D. victim受害者,牺牲品。空格处单词与后半句中的destruction (毁灭,破坏)呼应。短语fall victim lo,意、 为“成为的牺牲品”，为固定搭配，victim符合句意。故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨

18、析。句意：如果什么都不做去控制这种趋势，整个亚马逊森林会在50年内消失。A. trend 趋势:B. practice 练习；C. increase 增加；D. attitude 态度。上句 “It is estimated that the Amazon alone is vanishing at a rate of 20,()(X) square miles a year.(据估计，仅亚马逊河就以每年20(XX)平方英里的速度消 失)”可知，亚马逊河就以每年20000平方英里的速度消失，如果不控制这一趋势，整个亚马逊森林会在 50年内消失。故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大

19、审的毁林会带来严重的后果空气和水污染、水土流失、疟疾流行、二 氧化碳被释放到大气中，以及动植物的灭绝带来的生物多样性的丧失。A. protection保护；B.industrialization.业化：C. modemization 现代化；D. deforestation 滥伐森林。根据上文 “Today, more than half has already gone up in JJ. In fewer than fifty years, more than half of the worlds tropical rainforests have fallen 12 to fire an

20、d the chain saw, and the rate of destruction is still accelerating.(如今，一半以上的雨林已经化为乌有。在不到50年的时间里，世界上一半以上的热带雨林都成为了火灾 和电裾的牺牲品，而且这种破坏的速度还在加快。)“可知，雨林受到前所未有的破坏，同时带来了 系 列的恶果。deforestation符合语境。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析二句意：大量的毁林会带来严重的后果空气和水污染、水土流失、疟疾流行、二 氧化碳被释放到大气中，以及动植物的灭绝带来的生物多样性的丧失。A. appearance出现；B. explosion

21、 爆炸：C. loss丧失；D. increase增加。由“extinction of plants and animals (植物和动物的灭绝)”可知，大 规模的砍伐森林，会导致森林失去生物多样性。故选C项。Section B供22分，每小题2分。)Directions: Read the following three passages. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In 2002. William Kamkwamb

22、a had to drop out of school, as his father, a tobacco fanner, could no longer afford his school fees. Despite that, William was determined to get his education. He began visiting a local library that had just opened in his old primary school, where he discovered a science book. With only a basic gra

23、sp of English, he (aught himself basic physics. Another book he found there featured windmills on the cover and inspired him to try and build his own.He started by constructing a small model. Then, with the help of a cousin and friends, he spent many weeks searching yards and found old tractor fans,

24、 shock absorbers, plastic pipes and bicycle parts, which he used to build the real thing.What he had built was a crude machine that powered four lights. When it was all done, the windmilTs wings measured more than eight feet and sat on top of a tower 15 feet tall that swayed violently in strong wind

25、s. He eventually replaced the lower with a more stable one that stands 39 feel, and built a second machine (hat watered a family garden.The windmill brought William Kamkwamba instant local fame,but despite his accomplishment, he was still unable to return to school. However, news of his magetsi a mp

26、hepo_electric wind一spread beyond Malawi, where he lived, and eventually things began to change. An education official, who had heard news of the windmill, came to visit his village and was amazed to learn that William had been out of school for five years. He arranged for him to attend secondary at

27、the governments expense and brought journalists to the farm to see the windmill. Then a story published in the Malawi Daily Mail caughl the attention of bloggers, which in turn caught the attention of organisers for the Technology Entertainment and Design conference.In 2007, William spoke at the TED

28、 Global conference in Tanzania. Businessmen stepped forward with offers to fund his education and projects, and with money donated by them, he was able to put his cousin and several friends back into school and pay for some medical needs of his family.36. What did William Kamkwamba do after he dropp

29、ed out of school?A. Rejoined his father in farming.B. He taught himself physics.C. He worked for a local library.D. He began to learn English.37. The word “swayed” （in paragraph 3） most probably means.A. made a big noiseB. moved from side to sideC. produced more electricityD. collapsed from （he midd

30、le38. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Williams local fame faded very soon.B. An education official wrote a story about William.C. William returned to school with the funds from the government.D. The 2007 TED Global conference first let the world know Williams wi

31、ndmills.39. What is the passage mainly about?A. William Kamkwambas childhood.B. William Kamkwamba windmills.C. William Kamkwambas talents.D. William Kamkwamba5s fame.【答案】36. B 37. B 38. C 39. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了 William Kamkwamba辍学后，通过自学，建造风车的故事。 【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第三句He began visiting a local libra

32、ry that had just opened in his old primary school, where he discovered a science book. With only a basic grasp of English, he （aught himself basic physics. （他开始参观在他原来的小学开设的当地图书馆，在那里他发现了一本科学书籍。他只掌握了基本的英 语，却自学了基础物理。）”可知,William Kamkwamba辍学后自学物理。故选B项。【37题详解】词句猜测题。划线词句后文 “ He eventually replaced the tow

33、er with a more stable one that stands 39 feet, and built a second machine that watered a family garden.（他最终用一个更稳定的39英尺高的塔取代了这个塔， 并建造了第二个给家庭花园浇水的机器。）”说明他原来建的塔不稳定，从而推知划线词句“When it was all done, the windmilPs wings measured more than eight feet and sat on top of a tower 15 feet tall that swayed violent

34、ly in strong winds.（当一切完成后，风车的翅膀长超过8英尺，坐落在15英尺高的塔楼上，塔楼在 强风中剧烈swayed。）”其中swayed应为“晃动”的意思，选项B “左右移动”与之意义最为接近。故 选B项。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段倒数第二句 He arranged for him to attend secondary at the govenimenfs expense and brought journalists to the farni to see the windmill.（他安排他由政府出资上了 中学,并将记者带 到农场参观风车。）”可知，选项

35、C William用政府捐赠的资金回到学校。”是正确的。故选C项。【39题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段最后一句 u Another book he found there featured windmills on the cover and inspired him to try and build his own.（他在那里找到的另一本书的封面上印有风车，这激发了他尝试建 造自己的风车。）”可知，本文主要讲述了 William Kamkwamba建造风车的故事。故选B项。（B）Registration now open for the 2019 Student Research

36、ShowcaseResearchers often find it difficult to talk about their projects with friends and relatives who are not in the same research field. Those who arc able to effectively communicate their work to a broader audience arc at an advantage in terms of coinniunicating the value of what （hey do to the

37、public, to superiors at school or on the job, and to organizations that could provide funding to support a project. Sigma Xis Student Research Showcase is a unique opportunity for high school, undergraduate, and graduate students to develop their communication skills through multimedia.Held annually

38、, this online science communication competition allows students to showcase their research on a website they build. The competition is open to all research areas.Student ResearchSHOWCASEPresentation websites contain three main parts: an abstract, a technical slideshow, and a video to introduce the p

39、roject and its relevance to the research community and society. The video part challenges participants to present their research to a general audience. During the review period,more than sixty Sigma Xi members volunteer as judges to evaluate students submissions（递交的作品）and engage in digital conversat

40、ions with presenters through their websites.Participants find discussion with judges and the public helpful in better understanding their research. wrm really excited about trying to bridge the gap between the scientific community and a broader audience,said Luka Ncgoita, the 2015 graduate division

41、winner, when asked about his motivation to participate in the showcase.Participants compete for awards of up to $5（X） in high school, undergraduate, and graduate divisions. The winner of the Peoples Choice Award is selected based on a public vole and receives a $250 award.Key deadlines for the 2017

42、Student ResearchShowcase:Project description approval and registration deadline: February 22, 2019Project submission deadline: March 22, 2019Evaluation period: April 310, 2019Sigma Xi members are encouraged to volunteer as judges.For more information on the Student ReseaichShowcase, visit tings- eve

43、nts/student-research- showcase.40. Student Research Showcase is intended to.A. spot the students who will devote themselves to researchB. find out the research area that is popular with studentsC. help students to use multimedia more skillfullyD. give students a chance to present their research41. S

44、tudents must communicate their research to the public in the part of on their websites.A. the abstractB. the technical slideshowC. the videoD. the discussion42. Which of the following statements is true of Student Research Showcase?A. Participants have to submit their projects by February 22 at the

45、latest.B. The public will decide which project wins Peoples Choice Award.C. Sigma Xi will employ world-famous scientists to be the judges.D. No communication is allowed between judges and participants.【答案】40. D 41. C 42. B【解析】【导语】本文是应用文，主要介绍了 2019年学生研究展示会的相关情况以及细节。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据笫一段 “ Held annually,

46、 this online science communication competition allows students to showcase their research on a website they build.（这个在线科学传播竞赛每年举行一次，学生们可以在自 己建立的网站上展示自己的研究成果。）可知，学生可在演示网站上展示自己的研究。故选D项。41题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 “The video part challenges participants to present （heir research to a general audience.（视频部分要求参与者向

47、普通观众展示他们的研究。）可知，在the video部分学生必须在他们 的网站上向公众宣传他们的研究成果。故选C项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段 “The winner of the Peoples Choice Award is selected based on a public vote and receives a $25（） award. （Peoples Choice Award的获胜者是根据公众投票选出的，获奖者获得250美元的 奖金。）可知，Peoples Choice Award的获奖者是有公众决定的。故选B项。（C）Digital assistants such a

48、s Siri are increasingly common on phones and computers. Developing an emotional relationship with a piece of software can, however, bring discomfort to some people.As a study published in Psychological Science by Park Daeun, of Chungbuk National University in South Korea, and her colleagues, shows, one emotion sometimes involved in machine-human interaction is embarrassment.Dr Park and her team recruited 187 participants into their study. To start with, each was presented with a series of state