2023年12月英语四级真题(第一套).docx

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1、2023年12月英语四级真题（第一套）PartIWriting(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of starting a career after graduation. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part IIListening Comprehension(25 minutes)关注公众号“春秋大道”，无偿得到全部

2、英语四六级历年真题（更新至2023年12 月）+听力原频Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and then questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from

3、the four choices marked A) , B), C) and D). Then mark the correspond!ng letter on Answer Sheet Iwith a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Land a space vehicle on the moon in 2023.B) Design a new generation of mobile phones.C) Set u

4、p a mobile phone network on the moon.D) Gather data from the noon with a tiny device.2. A) It is stable.D Nadeau says sugar and processed foods are big contributors to the rising diabetes rates among children. In America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food, “ Nadeau tells her. And only 5

5、percent of our food is plant-based food. I think we should try to reverse that. Scott agrees to try more fruit juices for the kids and to make real macaroni and cheese. Score one point for the doctor, zero for diabetes.E Nadeau is part of a small revolution developing across California. The food-as-

6、medicine movement has been around for decades, but it s making progress as physicians and medical institutions make food a formal part of treatment, rather than relying solely on medications（药物）.By prescribing nutritional changes or launching programs such as Shop with your Doc, , they are trying to

7、 prevent, limit or even reverse disease by changing what patients eat. There s no question people can take things a long way toward reversing diabetes, reversing high blood pressure, even preventing cancer by food choices, v Nadeau says.F In the big picture, says Dr. Richard Afable, CEO and presiden

8、t of ST. Joseph Hoag Health, medical institutions across the state are starting to make a philosophical switch to becoming a health organization, not just a health care organization. That feeling echoes the beliefs of the Therapeutic Food Pantry program at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital,

9、which completed its pilot phase and is about to expand on an ongoing basis to five clinic sites throughout the city. The program will offer patients several bags of food prescribed for their condition, along with intensive training in how to cook it. We really want to link food and medicine, and not

10、 just give away food,“ says Dr. Rita Nguyen, the hospitalT s medical director of Healthy Food Initiatives. We want people to understand what they re eating, how to prepare it, the role food plays in their lives.”G In Southern California, Loma Linda University School of Medicine is offering specializ

11、ed training for its resident physicians in Lifestyle Medicine - that is a formal specialty in using food to treat disease. Research findings increasingly show the power of food to treat or reverse diseases, but that does not mean that diet alone is always the solution, or that every illness can bene

12、fit substantially fromdietary changes. Nonetheless, physicians say that they look at the collective data and a clear picture emerges: that the salt, sugar, fat and processed foods in the American diet contribute to the nationt s high rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. According to the Wor

13、ld Health Organization, 80 percent of deaths from heart disease and stroke are caused by high blood pressure, tobacco use, elevated cholesterol and low consumption of fruits and vegetables.H It s a different paradigm（范式） of how to treat disease, v says Dr. Brenda Rea, who helps run the family and pr

14、eventive medicine residency program at Loma Linda University School of Medicine. The lifestyle medicine specialty is designed to train doctors in how to prevent and treat disease, in part, by changing patients nutritional habits. The medical center and school at Loma Linda also has a food cupboard a

15、nd kitchen for patients. This way, patients not only learn about which foods to buy, but also how to prepare them at home.I Many people don, t know how to cook, Rea says, and they only know how to heat things up. That means depending on packaged food with high salt and sugar content. So teaching peo

16、ple about which foods are healthy and how to prepare them, she says, can actually transform a patientJ s life. And beyond that, it might transform the health and lives of that patientf s family. uWhat people eat can be medicine or poison,“ Rea says. As a physician, nutrition is one of the most power

17、ful things you can change to reverse the effects of long-term disease. MJ Studies have explored evidence that dietary changes can slow inflammation（炎症），for example, or make the body inhospitable to cancer cells. In general, many lifestyle medicine physicians recommend a plant-based diet - particular

18、ly for people with diabetes or other inflammatory conditions.K As what happened with tobacco, this will require a cultural shift, but that can happen, n says Nguyen. In the same way physicians used to smoke, and then stopped smoking and were able to talk to patients about it, I think physicians can

19、have a bigger voice in it. ”36. More than half of the food Americans cat is factory-produced.37. There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food stores.38. There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various illnesses.39. A healthy

20、 breakfast can be prepared quickly and easily.40. Training a patient to prepare healthy food can change their 1ife.41. One food-as-medicino program not only prescribes food for treatment but teaches patients how to cook it.42. Scott is not keen on cooking food herself, thinking it would simply be a

21、waste of time.43. Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based food.44. Using food as medicine is no novel idea, but the movement is making headway these days.45. Americans high rates of various i1Inesses result from the way they eat.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section

22、. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the correspond!ng letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are bas

23、ed on the following passage.California has been facing a drought for many years now, with certain areas even having to pump freshwater hundreds of mi les to their distribution system. The problem is growing as the population of the state continues to expand. New research has found deep water reserve

24、sunder the state which could help solve their drought crisis. Previous drilling of wells could only reach depths of 1, 000 feet, but due to new pumping practices, water deeper than this can now be extracted（抽取）. The team at Stanford investigated the aquifers（地卜蓄水层）below this depth and found that res

25、erves may be triple what was previously thought.It is profitable to drill to depths more than 1, 000 feet for oil and gas extraction, but only recently in California has it become profitable to pump water from this depth. The aquifers range from 1,000 to 3,000 feet be 1ow the ground, which means tha

26、t pumping wi11 be expensive and there are other concerns. The biggest concern of pumping out water from this deep in the gradual settling down of the land surface. As the water is pumped out, the vacant space left is compacted by the weight of the earth above.Even though pumping from these depths is

27、 expensive, it is still cheaper than desalinating（脱盐）the ocean water in the largely coastal state. Some desalination plants exist where feasible, but they are costly to run and can need constant repairs. Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wel

28、ls may be the answer to their severe water shortage.One problem with these sources is that the deep water also has a higher level of salt than shallower aquifers. This means that some wells may even need to undergo desalination after extraction, thus increasing the cost. Research from the exhaustive

29、 study of groundwater from over 950 drilling logs has just been published. New estimates of the water reserves now go up to 2,700 billion cubic meters of freshwater.46. How could California s drought crisis be solved according to some researchers?A） By building more reserves of groundwater.B） By dra

30、wing water from the depths of the earth.C） By developing more advanced drilling devices.D） By upgrading its water distribution system.47. What can be inferred about extracting water from deep aquifers?A) It was deemed vital to solving the water problem.B) It was not considered worth the expense.C) I

31、t may not provide quality freshwater.D) It is bound to gain support from the local people.48. What is mentioned as a consequence of extracting water from deep underground?A) The sinking of land surface.C) The damage toaquifers.B) The harm to the ecosystem.D) The change of theclimate.49. What does th

32、e author say about deep wells?A) They run without any need for repairs.B) They are entirely free from pollutants.C) They are the ultimate solution to droughts.D) They provide a steady supply of freshwater.50. What may happen when deep aquifers are used as water sources?A) PeopleJ s health may improv

33、e with cleaner water.B) People s water bi 11s may be 1owered considerably.C) The cost may go up due to desalination.D) They may be exhausted sooner or later.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The AlphaGo programJ s victory is an example of how smart computers have becom

34、e.But can artificial intelligence (AI) machines act ethically, meaning can they be honest and fair?One example of AI is driverless cars. They are already on California roads, so it is not too soon to ask whether we can program a machine to act ethically. As driverless cars improve, they will save li

35、ves. They will make fewer mistakes than human drivers do. Sometimes, however, they will face a choice between lives. Should the cars be progranuned to avoid hitting a child running across the road, even if that wi11 put their passengers at risk? What about making a sudden turn to avoid a clog? What

36、if the only risk is damage to the car itself, not to the passengers?Perhaps there will be lessons to learn from driverless cars, but they are not super-intelligent beings. Teaching ethics to a machine even more intelligent than we are wi11 be the bigger chailenge.About the same time as AlphaGo, s tr

37、iumph, Microsoft s chatbot took a bad turn. The software, named Taylor, was designed to answer messages from people aged 18-24. Taylor was supposed to be able to learn from the messages she received. She was designed to slowly improve her ability to handle conversations, but some people were teachin

38、g Taylor racist ideas. When she started saying nice things about Hitler, Microsoft turned her off and deleted her ugliest messages.AlphaGo , s victory and Taylor s defeat happened at about the same time. This should be a warning to us. It is one thing to use AI within a game with clear rules and cle

39、ar goals. It is something very different to use AI in the real world. The unpredictability of the real world may bring to the surface a troubling software problem.Eric Schmidt is one of the bosses of Google, which own AlphoGo. He thinks AI wi11 be positive for humans. He said people will be the winn

40、er, whatever the outcome. Advances in AI will make human beings smarter, more able and “just better human beings. ”51. What does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGoy s victory?A)Computers will prevail over human beings.B)Computers have unmatched potential.C)Computers are man s potent

41、ial rivals.D)Computers can become highly intelligent.52. What does the author mean by AI machines acting ethically?A)They are capable of predicting possible risks.B)They weigh the gains and losses before reaching a decision.C)They make sensible decisions when facing moral dilemmas.D)They sacrifice e

42、verything to save human lives.53. What is said to be the bigger challenge facing humans in the AI age?A)How to make super-intel 1igcnt Al machines share human feelings.B)How to ensure that super-intelligent AI machines act ethically.C)How to prevent AI machines doing harm to humans.D)IIow to avoid b

43、eing over-dependent on AI machines.54. What do we learn about Microsoft s chatbot Taylor?A)She could not distinguish good from bad.B)She could turn herself off when necessary.C)She was not made to handle novel situations.D)She was good at performing routine tasks.55. What does Eric Schmidt think of

44、artificial intelligence?A) It will be far superior to human beings.B) It wi11 keep improving as time goes by.C) It will prove to be an asset to human beings.D) It will be here to stay whatever the outcome.PartIVTranslation(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes totrans la t

45、e a passage from Chinese into English. You should wri teyour answer on Answer Sheet 2.由于通信网络的快速发展，中国智能手机用户数量近年来以惊人度增长。这极 大地变更了很多人的阅读方式。他们现在常常智能手机上看新闻和文章，而不买传 统报刊。大量移动应用程序的开发使人们能用手机读小说和其他形式的文学作品。 因此，纸质书籍的销售受到了影响。但调查显示，尽管能手机阅读市场稳步增长， 超半数成年人仍喜爱读纸质书。关注公众号“春秋大道”，无偿得到全部英语四六级历年真题(更新至2023 年12月)+听力原频B) It is

46、 durable.C) It is inexpensive.D) It is sophisticated.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3 .A) It lasted more than six hours.B) No injuries were yet reported.C) Nobody was in the building when it broke out.D) It had burned for 45 minutes by the time firefighters arrive

47、d.4 .A) Recruit and train more firefighters.B) Pull down the deserted shopping mall.C) Turn the shopping mal1 into an amusement park.D) Find money to renovate the local neighborhood.Questions 5 and 6 are based on the news report you have just heard.5 . A) Shrinking potato farming.B) Heavy reliance o

48、n import.C) Widespread plant disease.D) Insufficient potato supply.6. A) It intends to keep its traditional diet.B) It wants to expand its own farming.C) It is afraid of the spread of disease.D) It is worried about unfair competition.7. A) Global warning.B) Ever-rising prices.C) Government regulation.D) Diminishing investment.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions wi 11 be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mus