2023届一轮复习外研版选修八Module 5The Conquest of the Universe单元学案（27页）.docx

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1、2023届一轮复习外研版选修八Module 5The Conquest of theUniverse单元学案一单元基础词汇句式全练一、写其形1. leapn.飞跃，跳动2. accustomedadj.习惯的3. assumev.假定，假设4. patiencen.耐性5. advancedadj.高级的，先进的6. dependv.依靠；取决于7. viewv.看，视察8. acknowledgev. 承认；认为9. accusev.指责10. sorrown.哀痛；哀思11. relief n.劝慰；宽慰12. aidn.帮助13. broadadj.丰富的；广泛的14. devotion

2、n.忠诚15. consultv.询问；请教16. impactn.影响，作用二、知其意1. joint adj.共同的；联合的字母缩略词）ABC, which stands for：A一Airway: Is it open and clear?B一Breathing: Is the person breathing? Look, listen and feel for breathing.C一Circulation: Is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color and temperature fo

3、r additional indications of circulation problems.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是急救的重要性以 及如何实施急救。4. First aid may bring about all the following results EXCEPT .A. saving a victims lifeB. preventing a victims condition from getting worseC. relieving a victim from painD. helping a person avoid sudden illness or

4、injury解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“It may save. provide relief from pain.可知A、B C三项的内容均为急救的 作用。再依据对急救的描述可知，急救不能避开突发的疾病或损害。5. Before we offer first aid to a victim, it is very important for us to .A. make sure what to do and what not to doB. refer to all kinds of handbooks on first aidC. remove the medical ca

5、rd he/she may takeD. take him/her to a hospital at once解析：选A细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Knowing what not to do . . . knowing what to do. 可知 A 项正确。6. When giving first aid to a victim, you should first of all.A. remove him/her from the accident sceneB. turn him/her overC. call for professional medical helpD. exa

6、mine him/her carefully解析：选c细微环节理解题。依据第三段的其次句话“The first step is to call for professional medical help. ” 可矢口, 首先是 找寻专业的医疗帮助，故选C。7. You may assess a victims condition by all the following EXCEPT .A. checking whether there is a pulseB. looking, listening and feeling for breathingC. measuring his/her b

7、lood pressureD. examining whether the airway is open and clear解析：选c细微环节理解题。依据文章最终一段的内容可知A、 B、D三项均表述正确，而C项没有提及，故应选C。CSometimes very odd things show up in ordinary places. In the 1800s, a strange sight began to be reported by farmers. Then in the 1970s, this strange event began to happen more and more

8、 often. People traveled for miles to stand in the fields and take photos of something they couldnt easily explain. What were they looking at? It was the crop circles 一 large and complex（困难的）designs set into the middle of ordinary farm fields.No one could understand how these huge designs were made.C

9、rop circles are found most often in fields of wheat, corn, or rice. They are usually created overnight, although some are reported to have appeared during the day. They have been seen all around the world, in more than 70 different countries. Scientists have found that the plants inside a crop circl

10、e are drier than the ones outside it. The plant stems （茎）are bent and not broken in most crop circles, and sometimes the soil in the design has more iron than the soil outside of the design. Unfortunately, these facts alone do not help scientists answer their questions about crop circles. These fact

11、s only make them more mysterious.Some people believe crop circles are made by UFOs （Unidentified Flying Objects） landing in farm fields. Others think aliens （夕卜星人）are leaving us messages in the beautiful designs. Still others believe Earth energy under the ground makes plants bend over in designs. S

12、ome people say they actually made the crop circles with special equipment. Scientists have found some crop circles that are certainly made by people, but they are usually a little different from other crop circles. So who makes crop circles and why they make them can t be explained to this very day.

13、语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麦田怪圈的相关学问。8. What does the underlined word “odd” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Big.B. Bad.C. Unreal.D. Unusual.解析：选D词义揣测题。依据第一段中的a strange sight, something they couldnt easily explain” 以及 No one could understand howv可知，这些提示信息均指向一些人们无法理解的不 寻常的事情。9. Its generally thought that cr

14、op circles .A. are made during the nightB. happen in the same placesC. are found in terrible placesD. have very frightening designs解析:选A细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“They are usually created overnight”可知，人们普遍认为麦田怪圈是一夜之间形成 的。10. Which of the following have the scientists proved?A. Some crop circles are man-made.B.

15、 UFOs help create some crop circles.C. There actually are crop circles made by aliens.D. Earth energy is one reason for crop circles appearance.解析：选A细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中的“Scientists have found some crop circles that are certainly made by peoplev 可知，科学家已经证明有一些麦田怪圈是有人蓄意为之。11. What is the best title for the

16、 text?A. The History of Crop CirclesB. Different Designs of Crop CirclesC. Crop Circles: The Unsolved MysteryD. Crop Circles: The Great Influence on Farms解析：选c 标题归纳题。文章第一段点出“No one could understand how these huge designs were made，最终一段中的 “who makes crop circles and why they make them can t be explai

17、ned to this very day”再次点明文章的主题，即：麦田怪圈始终是个不 解之谜。故C项作标题概括了文章主旨。DAre you at least 17 years old? Do you weigh more than 110 pounds? Do you consider yourself fairly healthy?If you answered yes to all of these questions, you should be donating （捐赠）blood every two months. In my survey of my schoolmates, I

18、found that only 50 percent of them have ever donated blood and that only 1 out of 13 of them donate regularly. The lack （缺少）of blood donors is a serious problem that requires immediate action.According to the American Red Cross Web pages, in the United States alone someone receives a blood transfusi

19、on （输血）once every three seconds. People who benefit from donations include cancer patients as well as babies. The need for blood never takes a vacation and neither should donors.Let me tell you about Brooke, a three-year-old girl with cancer. Brooke has spent about half of her life in the hospital r

20、eceiving treatments. Her treatment will require about 500 units of blood in total, of which only 250 units have been replaced. She still needs the other half of the total amount to continue her treatment. If she doesnt receive this blood, she will not live to start kindergarten.Examples like Brookes

21、 are becoming all too common these days, with only 1 in 20 Americans donating blood and this number keeps dropping each year. These facts are extremely worrying considering that nearly half of us here will need blood sometime in our lives.You can now see the seriousness of the problem with the lacko

22、f blood donations. Fortunately, it is a problem that can be easily solved. Each and every one of you can be part of the solution. All you have to do is go to the nearest Red Cross and donate your blood.语篇解读：本文是一篇争论文。作者在文中论述了义务献血的紧 迫性。12. How does the author explain the problem mentioned inParagraph

23、2?A. By answering questions.B. By making comparisons.C. By presenting research findings.D. By describing his own experiences.解析：选C写作手法题。依据其次段中的“In my survey of myschoolmates, I found that . . . v可知，作者在其次段主要是通过 陈述自己的探讨发觉来说明说明献血者少这一问题。13. What can we learn from the American Red Cross Web pages?A. The

24、suffering of patients.B. The strong need for blood.C. The efforts of the Red Cross.D. The benefits of taking vacations.解析：选B推理推断题。依据第三段中的“in the United States alone someone receives a blood transfusion （输血） once every three seconds” 和 The need for blood never takes a vacationv 不难看出市场对血液的猛烈需求。14. The

25、 three-year-old girl Brooke.A. doesn，t get fair treatment in the hospitalB. will need another 250 units of bloodC. stays alive by receiving blood dailyD. cant wait to start kindergarten解析：选B细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的“Her treatment will require about 500 units of blood in total, of which only 250 units have bee

26、n replaced. She still needs the other half of the total amount to continue her treatment. ”可矢口, Brooke 还须要250单位的血液。15. What is the purpose of the text?A. To persuade people to donate blood.B. To present some new medical results.C. To call on people to save a little girl.D. To explain the risks of bl

27、ood donation.解析：选A写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文的目的是劝告人 们义务献血。II.阅读七选五Cats in ancient EgyptMany of us love cats. They are beautiful, soft, clever and loving. The ancient Egyptians （埃及人）considered cats, also known as Mau, to be very important. They honored them with great respect （敬重）.For one thing, cats helped peo

28、ple bykeeping their homes free of mice, rats, and snakes.Without cats Egypt could not have been the important grain -growing （谷物种植）center that it was. 2 Though I dont know what other pets the Egyptians had, cats were probably the most important. Cats were also trained to help hunters （猎人）.3The Egypt

29、ians loved cats so much that Bast, an Egyptian goddess, was pictured in the form of a cat. Bast appeared in artwork. She was the protector of the house. This idea made a special connection between cats and children. 4The safety of all cats was of great concern to ancient Egyptians. 5 Foreigners some

30、times took cats out of Egypt secretly and took them to other lands. They traded them for treasures in these lands. Egyptian soldiers were sent to pick up cats found in other countries and bring them back home to Egypt.A. There were good reasons for that.B. Two types of cats appeared in ancient Egypt

31、.C. In grain fields, cats helped catch rats and mice.D. They were able to help pick up the wounded birds.E. There were even laws against getting a cat out of Egypt.F. Anyone who killed a cat on purpose would be put to death.G. That5 s why most Egyptian families had cats for good luck. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。

32、文章主要介绍了猫在古埃及人生 活中的重要地位。1 .选 A 由下文的“For one thing, cats helped . . and snakes, Without cats Egypt . center that it was.”和 Cats were also trained to help hunters （猎人）.”可知，作者对古埃及人宠爱猫 的缘由进行了分析，故选A项。2 .选 C 由该空前的Without cats Egypt . center that it was. ”可知，要是没有猫来帮助歼灭老鼠的话，古埃及不行能成为重 要的谷物种植中心，故选C项。3 .选 D 由该空

33、前的Cats were also trained to help hunters （猎人）.”可知，D项内容符合此处语境。4 .选G由该段所讲解并描述的守护神Bast可知，在古埃及很 多家庭都饲养猫以求好运，故选G项。5 .选 E 由该空后的 Foreigners sometimes took cats out of Egypt secretly和 “Egyptian soldiers . bring them back home to Egypt. ”可知，应当有法律规定不许将猫带出埃及，故选E项。I.完形填空In 1994 I was in the midst of a depressio

34、n（抑郁症）.When I was depressed, I . One day I was clearing up the rooms and found a CD covered with 2. I wiped it off, put it in the 3 and started washing dishes. A mans voice, reading poetry, 4 my house. The sound of the speaker s voice and the words of the poems reached something deep inside me. I st

35、opped and 5.I began to take poems into my 6, not simply reading them, but developing rich relationships with the 7. I learned many by heart. They became my therapy （疗法）and 8. Those poems made me wiser and healthier.9 , in the fall of 2023, poetry 10 me in a way I had never expected. I had put all my

36、 11 in a small, local fund （基金）.Two months later, the leader of the fund left me a message: The financial crisis 12 our fund particularly hard. Weve lost everything. ”I stood there, 13.Suddenly I heard a poem, 14 , called Kindness in my mind. It felt like the poem had been written for me 15, for thi

37、s exact moment, like the perfect helper 16 on the scene at the instant of an accident. Kindness became my 17 . I read it before going to bed, and at breakfast every morning. It reminded me that this was not a18, but a path to sympathy,and I was not walking alone. Even now, I 19Kindness several times

38、 a week to carry me 20 the heart of what really matters to me.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”患有抑郁症，偶然间爱上2. Mars n.火星3. Jupiter n.木星4. Aldebaran n.毕宿五，金牛座中的红色巨星5. probe n.宇宙探测器，航天探测器6. Saturn n.土星7. shuttle n.航天飞机8. historic adj.历史性的，有重大历史意义的9. tune R 收看（电视）；收听（广播）10. witness v.目击，亲眼望见；亲身经验11. burst v.爆炸12. planet

39、 n.行星13. ultraviolet adj.紫外线的14. Phoebe 土卫九15. Titan土卫六（土星卫星中最大的一颗）16. decade n.十年17. random adj.随意的；随机的18. backwards adv.向后地；倒退地19. deed n.行为20. knight n.骑士，武士21. tension n.惊慌关系22. autonomous adj.自治的； 有自治权的23. defeat n.失败了诗歌朗诵，这些诗歌抚慰了 “我”的心灵；“我”投资基金，遭受 金融危机，积蓄全都没了，是一首名叫和善的诗歌让“我”重新 对生活燃起希望。1. A. ran

40、B. sleptC. cleanedD. sang解析：选C 依据下句中的“One day I was clearing up the rooms可知，“我”抑郁时便会打扫房间。C项意为“清除，打扫”, 符合语境。故选C。2. A.dustB. paperC. clothesD. bedding解析：选A依据下句中的“I wiped it off”可知，CD上布满 了灰尘。A项意为“灰尘”，符合语境。故选A。3. A. drawerB. playerC. washerD. fridge解析：选 B 依据下句中的 “A mans voice, reading poetry” 可以推断，“我”将C

41、D放进了播放器。B项意为“CD、唱片、录像带 等的播放机”，符合语境。故选B。4. A.sweptB. occupiedC. decoratedD. filled解析：选D依据语境可知，此处指正在朗读诗歌的男子的声音 充溢了整个屋子。D项意为“（声音、气味或光）充溢，充溢，遍及”, 符合语境。故选D。5. A. weptB. leftC. laughedD. listened解析：选A依据语境可知，朗读者的声音和诗歌的内容触动了“我”的内心深处；据此可推知，“我”停下手中的活，哭了起来。A 项意为“哭泣”，符合语境。故选A。6. A. homeB. lifeC. classD. mind解析：

42、选B 依据该句中的“not simply reading them, but developing rich relationships并结合语境可知，我”起先将诗 歌带进“我”的生活。故选B。7. A. tunesB. rhymesC. wordsD. CDs解析：选C依据第一段倒数其次句中的“the words of the poems”,并结合下一句I learned many by heart.“可知，此处指 诗歌的内容。故选C。8. A. medicineB. foodC. assistanceD. attention解析：选 A 依据上文中的I was in the midst o

43、f a depression （抑郁症）”和该句中的关键词“therapy（疗法）”可知，此处指这些 诗歌成为“我”治疗抑郁症的良药。A项意为“药品，药物，良药”, 符合语境。故选A。9. A.StillB. YetC. ThenD. Soon解析：选C结合第一段第一句中的“In 1994”和该句中的“in the fall of 2023”可知，此处指后来，在2023年的秋天。故选C。10. A. surprisedB. impressedC. warnedD. rescued解析：选D依据下文描述的诗歌帮助“我”从钱财损失中复原 过来并成为“我”的精神支柱可以推断，这些诗歌以“我”未曾预料

44、 到的方式挽救了 “我二D项意为“挽救”，符合语境。故选D。11. A. faithB. savingsC. hopeD. expenses解析：选B依据该句中的“local fund （基金）”可知，“我” 将“我”全部的积蓄都投进了当地的一个小基金中。B项意为“积蓄”, 符合语境。故选B。12. A.hitB. blewC. pushedD. pressed解析：选A依据下文“Weve lost everything. 可知，金融 危机重创了 “我们”的基金。A项意为“产生不良影响，打击，危害, 重创”，符合语境。故选A。13. A. fearlessB. thanklessC. brea

45、thlessD. defenceless解析：选c依据上文可知，经济危机使“我”的积蓄打了水漂, 故此处指“我”站在那儿，喘不过气来。C项意为“喘不过气来的”, 符合语境。故选C。14. A.by coincidence B. out of nowhereC. in the distance D. by accident解析：选 B 依据该句Suddenly I heard a poem . . in my mind. ” 可知，此处应指不知怎么地，“我”的脑海中响起了一首叫和善 的诗。B项意为“不知怎么地”，符合语境。故选B。15. A. immediatelyB. sincerelyC.

46、casuallyD. personally解析：选 D 依据该句中 “forme”和 for this exact moment 可以推断，“我”感觉这首诗就像是为“我”量身定做的。D项意为 “个别地，私人地”，符合语境。故选D。16. A. readingB. arrivingC. walkingD. escaping解析：选B依据语境可知，这首诗的出现就如一位合适的施助 者抵达了事故现场。B项意为“到达，抵达”，符合语境。故选B。17. A. homeworkB. religionC. prayerD. memory解析：选 C 依据下文的 “I read it before going

47、to bed, and at breakfast every morning. ,可知，这首诗成了 “我”的祈祷文。 C项意为“祈祷文，祷辞”，符合语境。故选C。18. A. mistakeB. lessonC. comfortD. tragedy解析：选D 依据该句中的“but a path to sympathy”以及上 文所叙述的受经济危机的冲击，“我”的钱都打了水漂可知，这首诗 歌让“我”意识到这件事情并不是悲剧，而是通向怜悯的道路。D项 意为“悲剧，不幸”，符合语境。故选D。19. A. reach forB. dream ofC. refer toD. meet with解析：选A

48、 依据该句中的several times a week”可知，即 使是现在，“我”每周还会拿起和善这首诗来读上几次。reach for 意为“拿起，触碰，提起，符合语境。故选A。20. A. forB. withC. offD. into解析：选D carry sb. /sth. into意为“将某人/某物带至”。 此处指这首诗歌带“我”走进对“我”来说什么才是真正重要的东西 的核心Q故选D。II.语法填空(2023 葫芦岛高三月考)Glasgow is situated in southwest Scotland along both banks of the River Clyde and has 1 population