2023外研版七年级英语下册知识点讲解.docx
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1、2023外研版七年级英语下册学问点讲解Module 1一、词汇1. 辨析 watch, look, look at 与 seewatch是及物动词,意思是“观看;凝视”,常用来指看电视、看球赛、看戏等。look为不及物动词,单独运用, 用以引起对方的留意。look at是由动词look和介词at组成的词组,后面可以带宾语,侧重“看”的动作。see 为及物动词,意为“望见”,侧重“看”的结果。2. call v.打电话call sb.给打电话call +某人+ at +电话号码(用这个号码打电话给某人)eg: Please call John at 035-7328.请打找约翰。称呼 eg: T
2、hey call me Tina他们叫我蒂娜。3. 辨析 every day 和 everydayevery day是副词词组,在句子中间做状语,表示“每天,每天”。eg: We speak English everyday.everyday是形容词,在句子中只做定语,表示“日常的,每天的”。eg: Let s learn some everyday English.4. 辨析 everyone 和 every oneeveryone意为“每个人”,只指人,不指物,不与of短语连用。Everyone在句中作主语时,谓语动词要用第三人 称单数形式。eg: Is everyone here tod
3、ay 今日大家都来了吗?every one既可以指人,也可以指物,可与介词of连用。eg: Every one of us has a chance to speak at the meeting.我们每个人都有机会在会上发言。5. 辨析 look for 与 findlook for意为“找寻”,指有目的的找,强调“找寻”这一动作。eg: What are you looking for 你在找什么?r m looking for my bike.我在找我的自行车。find意为“找到;发觉”,强调“找”的结果,其宾语往往是某个丢失的东西或人。eg: r m looking for my ba
4、g, but I can t find it.我找我的书包,但我没找到。6. 辨析 talk, speak, tell 与 saytalk意为“谈话;讲话”,假如只有一方对另一方说话时,一般用talk to,假如双方或多方交谈时,多用talk with。 speak意为“说话;讲话”,后面常接语言。speak to意为“和,,谈话、讲话” tell意为“告知;讲解并描述。tell sb. sth.告知某人某事tell sb. to do sth ,告知某人去做某事tell sb. not to do sth.告知某人不要做某事say意为“说”,后常跟说话内容。二、短语1. lost and f
5、ound boxlost和found分别是动词lose和find的过去分词形式,过去分词可以修饰名词作定语,lost在这里意为“丢失的”, found意为“找到的”,它们作定语修饰名词boxo2. look for 找寻由于for是介词,所以后面要接名词或代词作宾语,look for sth.意为“找寻某物”,运用时留意,look for不能 分开运用。eg: They are looking for their phones, cameras, watches, computers and many other things.他6 正在找寻他们的电话、照相机、手表、电脑和其他很多东西。 留意
6、:find强调“找”的结果,而look for强 调“找”的过程。eg: I m looking for my watch, but can t find it.我在找我的手表,但是找不到.often take the bus to school. 2.方位介词用法总结over, above和on的用法over指在,,的正上方,表示垂直在上。eg: There is a lamp over the desk.桌子上方有一个灯泡。above指在上方,属于斜上方。eg: Raise your arms above your head.把手臂举到头上。on指在上面,表示两物体接触。eg: There
7、 is a cup on the table,桌子上有一个杯子。3. ) under / below 的用法:under在,“下面/正下方.eg: Whats under your desk 桌子下面是什么?below在,,”斜下方eg: Her skirt came below her knees.她的裙子跑到了膝盖上面。in和on表示“在,上”门一类一一镶嵌在墙里的,用in,字画一类一一挂在墙面上的,用。n.鸟一类落在树上的,用in;苹果一类长在树上的,用。n.(4) in /on/ to表示方位in表示在某范围之内;to表示在某范围之外;on表示“邻”、“接壤”。eg: Shanghai
8、 lies in the east of China.上海位于中国东部。 Japan lies to the east of China. 日本在中国东部。Mongolia(蒙古国)lies on the north of China.蒙古人民共和国位于中国北部。at, in表示“在,/at 表示较小的地点。eg: at the bus stop/at homein表示较大的地点。eg: in China/in the world(6) in front of 和 in the front ofin front of表示“在,,之前”(范围外)。eg: There are some trees
9、 in front of the classroom.教室前面有几棵树。in the front of表示“在,,的前部”(范围内)eg: There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.黑板在教室的前面。(7) through / across 通过,穿过across表示横过,即从物体表面通过,与on有关,为二维through穿过,即从物体内部穿过,与in有关,为三维。Module 7一、单词1. born adj.天生的,生来的eg: He is a born writer,他是一位天生的作家。be born in +时间/地点诞生于
10、某年或某月/某地eg: He was born in 1998 / in Guilin. 他诞生在 1998 年/桂林。be born on +诞生于某日eg: He was born on the May 15th. 他诞生在五月 15 日。2. strict adj.严格的,严厉的be strict with sb.对某人要求严格eg: Teachers must be strict with their students.老师必需对学生严格。be strict in sth. 对某事(工作、学习等)严格要求eg: Students must be strict in their stud
11、y. 学生应当对自己的学习严格要求。3. friendly adj. 友好的be friendly to sb.对某人友好eg: Our teachers are friendly to us.我们老师对我们很友好。unfriendly 不友好的eg: The girl is unfriendly to others.那个女生对人不友善。4. quite adv.特别,相当,可修饰形容词、副词或动词。eg: It s quite cold outside.现在外面好冷。He quite likes maths.他特别宠爱数学。quite + a/ an +形容词+名词eg: quite a c
12、lever boy 相当聪慧的一个男孩5. difficult adj.困难的,不易相处的 名词形式:difficulty(不行数名词)eg: We found the station without any difficulty.我们毫不费劲地找到了车站。 have difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困难,difficulty 前面可以加 some、great much、little、no 等词修饰。 haveeg: Shedifficultyhas difficulty in answering the hard question.with sth.在某方面有困难她
13、无法回答出这个问题。eg:6. last adj.最终的,最近的eg: the last monthv.持续eg: The meeting will last (for) three hours.of the year一年的最终一个月会议持续了三个小时。last n.最终,最终的人一 扇五、Mil口1. go back 回去2. come back 回来eg: He was the last to comeeg: Let s all go back to school.eg: He will come back in ato school.他是最终一个来学校的人。我们都返回学校吧。week.他
14、下星期回来。have difficulty with English.我学习英语有困难。三、句型1. 不定式to do作后置定语在英语中,不定式放在所修饰词的后面作后置定语,构成逻辑上的动宾关系。eg: There were lots of things to do there.那里有好多事情要做。There are some shoes to wash.有很多鞋要洗。I have many2. What be sb.students to teach.我有很多学生要教。你的姐姐是个怎样的人?她很羞涩/宁静/外向。 用于询问人的外表特征卜长相)be like用于询问某人是什么样的人?(性格)
15、eg: What is your elder sister likeShe is shy / quiet / outgoing.3. What do /does sb. look like你的弟弟什么样?He is very tall.他很高。was great to play there. 去eg: What does your younger brother look like4. It is /was + 形容词 + to do sth.做某事是eg: It那里玩太棒了。四、语法1.一般过去时 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示
16、过去常 常或反复发生的动作。(1)动词过去式变更规则:一般在动词末尾如加ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked不发音的字母e结尾的单词末尾加d,如:taste-tasted hope-hoped末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ed,如:stop-stopped以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed, $EI: study-studied不规则动词过去式:am/is-wasare-wereget- got sing-sang fly-flew bring-brought feel-felt (learned) leave-lef
17、t take-took teach-taught(2)句子结构:go-wentput-putride-rodecan-couldcome-camemake-madespeak-spokecut-cutdo-did have-hadworry-worriedsee-saweat-ateread-readsweep-sweptwrite-wrotebuy-boughtsay-saidtake-tookdraw-drewswim-swamfind-foundforget-forgotlet-lettell-toldlose-lostwrite-wrotebecome-becamehear-heard
18、meet-metthink-thoughtkeep-keptread-readbegin-beganknow-knewgive-gave run-ran drink-dranksit-sat draw-drew learn-learntsleep-sleptspeak-spoke一般过去时的助动词did陈述句主语+动词过去式+其他主语+was/were not+其他主语+didn t +动词原形+其他一般疑问句be/助动词did提到主语前Was/Were+主语+其他Yes, 主语+did./No,主语+didn t.Did+主语+动词原形+其他特别疑问句特别疑问词+一般疑问句eg: What
19、did Jim do yesterday Who went tohome yesterday (3)常用时间状语yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week/night/month/year时间段+ago 多 久以前after+时间点=时间段+later 多久以后 just now 刚刚the other day前几天/不久前某天inthe past在过去in+过去时间五、学问拓展1. 英语年月日的两种表达方式:月+日+年或日+月十年eg:2023 年 5 月 1 日: May 1st 2023 或 1st May , 2023 (读作:the
20、first of May, 2023)Module 8一、单词2. once adv.曾经,一度,一次eg: We once lived in Shanghai.我们曾经在上海住过。once a month 一个月一次3. decide v.确定decide (not) to do sth. 确定(不)做某事eg: They decided (not) to tell Tom about it.他们确定(不)告知汤姆。decide + that 从句eg: Shehasdecidedthat she will be adoctor inthe future,decision n.确定 make
21、 a decision 做确定eg: Shehasmade adecision to becomea doctor.她确定成为一名医生。4. lost adj.丢失的,失去的;错过的,奢侈掉的eg: Try to find the lost key.试图找寻丢掉的那把钥匙。5. notice v.留意到,看到(感官动词)eg: I noticed he left very early.我留意到他走得早。notice sb. do sth. / notice sb. doing sth.eg: Inoticed her cryingin theroom.(正在哭)1noticed hercry
22、in the room.(哭了)6. knock v,敲,撞,碰eg: He knocked his head against the door.他把头朝着门上撞。knockon /at the door敲门knockinto 撞上7. 辨析 either, too 与 alsoeither adv.也,位于否定句句末,前面常加逗号。eg: He doesn t like running, either. 他也不宠爱跑步。too位于确定句句末,前面常加逗号。eg: He can swim , too .他也会游泳。as well位于确定句句末,前面不加逗号。eg: He can swim as
23、 well.他也会游泳。also位于确定句句中,即位于be动词、助动词、情态动词后,实义动词前。eg: He is also a student.他也是一个学生。He can also swim.他也会游泳。 He also wants to go there.他也想去那里。8. sleep v./ n.睡觉 go to sleep 入睡,睡着 have a good sleep 好好睡一觉 ei曲t hours sleep 八个小时的睡眠sleeping adj. 睡觉的(在句中作定语)eg: a sleeping boy = a boy who is sleeping 一个睡着的男孩 as
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- 2023 外研版七 年级 英语 下册 知识点 讲解
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