江苏省如皋市2021-2022学年高二下学期期初考试英语试题 Word版含解析.docx

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1、2021 - 2022学年度高二年级第二学期期初调研英语试卷第一部分听力（共20题满分30每题1.5分）第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出:佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How will the speakers go to Marys house?A. By bus.B. By taxi.C. By subway.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: How are we getting to Marys house?M: The bus will

2、take ages. Lets take the subway. Ifs only five stops on the red line.W: But the red line is closed. Wed better get a taxi.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What was the woman doing this morning?A. Working.B. Walking.C. Sleeping.【答案】A【解析】【原文】 M: Its raining again. After taking a walk in the sunshine this morning,

3、 I feel like going to sleep.W: Aw! You were able to get outside? I missed the sun because I had a long meeting at work this morning. I hope the rain doesnt last long.3 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman think about building a robot?A. Its complicated.B. Its funny.推理判断题。根据第一段中 “For the past 20 ye

4、ars, the restaurants were filled with those crazy about a taste of real Chinese cookingchop suey、（在过去的20年里，餐馆里满是对真正的中国菜炒杂碎的狂热。）”和“A few days earlier, a chef named Lem Sen had arrived, saying he had invented it a decade before while working at a restaurant in San Francisco.（几天前，一位名叫Lem Sen的厨师来到这里，说他十

5、年前在旧金山的一家餐馆 工作时发明了这道菜。）”以及后文内容可以推知，写厨师的故事目的是引出“炒杂碎”这道菜。故选B 项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中 “Chop suey was first mentioned by Chinese-American journalist Wang Chin Foo in a list of common dishes he thought most attractive to Western tastes.（美籍华人t己者 Wang Chin Foo 在一份彳也认 为最吸引西方人口味的常见菜肴清单中首次提到了炒杂碎。）”可知，Wang Chin

6、Foo认为“吵杂碎”在海 外很受欢迎。故选B项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据划线词句前文 “Chop suey was first mentioned by Chinese-American journalist Wang Chin Foo in a list of common dishes he thought most attractive to Western tastes.（美国华裔t己者 Wang Chin Foo 在 份他认为最能吸引西方人口味的普通菜肴清单中首次提到了杂烧。）”以及“Yet it is often considered by Westerners that t

7、his is a national dish of China, more than any other dish theyve known.（然而西方人通常认为 这是一道中国国菜，超过他们所知道的任何其他中国菜。）”可知，西方人对这道菜的评价超出了真实 情况。从而推知，当用一种“hyperbolic”方式来介绍这道菜时，它的评论超出了现实。故选A项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In 1896, Li Hongzhang visited New York, and newspapers mistakenly reported that while refusing Western

8、 dishes at a banquet （宴会），he had enthusiastically accepted a plate of chop suey. This caused a great hit, and many who never heard of it before simply assumed that it was introduced to the US by Li Hongzhang, which accidentally promoted the dishs popularity. （1896 年，李鸿章访问纽约，报纸错误地报道说， 他在一个宴会上拒绝西餐，却热情

9、地接受了一盘杂碎。这句话引起了轩然大波，很多之前没听说过这道菜 的人都以为是李鸿章介绍到美国来的，结果一不小心让这道菜大受欢迎。）”可以推知，是大众媒体的报道 是造成“炒杂碎”这道菜成为神话的根本原因。故选C项。CMy favorite thing about autumn is that I have an excuse to make my mom apple cake again. So, I always thought, once my first child was in primary school, I would enjoy taking part in bake sale

10、fundraisers.Instead, I fear them. I do not imagine that funds for football uniforms appear out of thin air. So I dutifully show up to each bake sale with home-made cakes.Still, bake sales trouble me. They feel like a holdover from a time when many moms didnt work and it was supposed they had a lot o

11、f time to bake cookies for children. Women who dont have the time to bake at home and who bring packaged cookies are seen as breaking a great American tradition.What are we selling at bake sales, anyway? Are we advertising our baking skills? Or is the goal to raise money? Children happily buy cupcak

12、es from a store, so why do we care that nobody in a home kitchen worked late into the night to make them?Actually, if you look closely at the economics, they just dont add up. We might spend $10 on ingredients to make 18 cupcakes that sell for $2 each. Think of this $26 as profit supposing that the

13、hours spent shopping and baking and packing things up and taking them to school, and possibly selling and cleaning up afterward, dont have value. Volunteering your time and energy to something important is worth praising. But neither the ingredients nor the work is “free，and many parents cant afford

14、 to give them away.This is not an attack against people who love to make banana bread and have the time to do so. But most people do not. Most parents struggle to get even the most basic parenting tasks finished in the limited time between the endof the workday and childrens bedtimes. It feels crazy

15、 to take time away from helping with homework, or actuallymaking dinner, to spend hours on a fundraiser.28. What can we learn about the author?A. She loves baking.C. She likes home-made food.29. Why do bake sales trouble the author?A. She has to buy cakes in stores.C. Some moms dont attend bake sale

16、s.30. What does the example in Paragraph 5 show?A. Ingredients are too expensive.C. It is hard to raise money at bake sales.31.B. She is active at school.D. She is against fundraising.B. Home-made baking is a burden.I). Moms are showing off their baking skills.B. It is uneconomical to bake at home.D

17、. Ready-made cakes are popular at school.What does the author think of the time involved in baking?B. It is rewarding.D. It is unavailable for many.A. It is increasing.C. It is highly valued.【答案】28.A29. B 30. B 31. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了虽然作者喜欢烘焙，但是认为烘焙义卖筹款活动是一种负担。这种行为既不经济合理，很多家长也没有太多时间去烘焙。28题详解】细节

18、理解题。根据第段 “ My favorite thing about autumn is that I have an excuse to make my mom apple cake again. So, I always thought, once my first child was in primary school, I would enjoy taking part in bake sale fundraisers.（关于秋天我最喜欢的事情就是我又有借口给我妈妈做苹果蛋糕了。所以，我一直在想，一旦我 的第一个孩子上了小学，我就会喜欢参加烘焙义卖筹款活动）”可知，作者喜欢烘焙。故选A

19、。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段 uStill, bake sales trouble me. They feel like a holdover from a time when many moms didnt work and it was supposed they had a lot of time to bake cookies for children. Women who dont have the time to bake at home and who bring packaged cookies are seen as breaking a great America

20、n tradition.（尽管如此， 糕饼 义卖还是困扰着我。他们感觉像是一个时代遗留下来的东西，那时很多妈妈不工作，人们认为她们有很多 时间为孩子们烤饼干。没有时间在家里烤饼干和带包装饼干的女性被视为打破了一个伟大的美国传统）”可 知，烘烤食品销售会困扰作者因为自制的烘焙是一种负担。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段 u Actually, if you look closely at the economics, they just dont add up. We might spend $10 on ingredients to make 18 cupcakes that se

21、ll for $2 each. Think of this $26 as profit supposing that the hours spent shopping and baking and packing things up and taking them to school, and possibly selling and cleaning up afterward, dont have value. Volunteering your time and energy to something important is worth praising. But neither the

22、 ingredients nor the work is fYee”, and many parents cant afford to give them away.（实际上， 如果你仔 细观察经济情况，你会发现它们并不合理。我们可能会花10美元购买原料来制作18个2美元一个的纸杯 蛋糕。把这26美元想象成利润，假设花在购物、烘焙、打包、送东西到学校，以及可能的出售和事后清 理上的时间都没有价值。把你的时间和精力奉献给一些重要的事情是值得表扬的。但这些材料和工作都不 是“免费的”，许多家长也负担不起）”可推知，第5段的例子说明了在家烤面包不经济。故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段

23、“This is not an attack against people who love to make banana bread and have the time to do so. But most people do not. Most parents struggle to get even the most basic parenting tasks finished in the limited time between the end of the workday and childrens bedtimes. It feels crazy to take time awa

24、y from helping with homework, or actually making dinner, to spend hours on a fundraiser.（这并不是对那些喜欢做香蕉 面包并且有时间做的人的攻击。但大多数人都没有。在工作日结束和孩子就寝之间的有限时间内，大多数 父母甚至很难完成最基本的育儿任务。从辅导家庭作业或做晚饭中抽出时间来做募款活动，这感觉很疯狂） 可推知，作者认为对许多人来说没有时间进行烘焙。故选D。You have probably read about robots replacing human labour as a new era of a

25、utomation takes root in one industry after another. However, a new report suggests humans are not the only ones who might lose their jobs.In New Zealand, farmers are using drones （无人机）to herd and monitor cows and sheep, taking up the position that highly intelligent dogs have held for more than a ce

26、ntury. The robots have not replaced the dogs entirely, Radio New Zealand reports, but they have appropriated （盗用）one of the animals most powerful tools: barking. The DJI Mavic Enterprise, a $ 3,500 drone favored by farmers, has a feature that lets the machine record sounds and play them over a louds

27、peaker, giving the machine the ability to imitate its canine counte里arts.Corey Lambeth, a shepherd on a fann, told RNZ the machines are surprisingly effective. uThatfs the one thing Fve noticed that when youre moving cows the old cows stand up to the dogs, but with the drones, theyve never done that

28、 J he said, noting the drones move cows faster, with less stress, than the dogs do.The drones come in handy for more than just herding cows and sheep. The robots allow farmers to monitor their land from afar, monitoring water and feed levels and checking on the animals1 health without disturbing the

29、m. Jason Rentoul told RNZ that a two- hour herding job that used to require two people and two teams of dogs could be accomplished in 45 minutes using a single drone. On a hilly farm where a lot of stuff is done by farmers on foot, the drones really save a lot of man hours J he said.For now, farmers

30、 say, there is still a need for herding dogs, primarily because they have a longer lifespan than drones, can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket every few hours to recharge.32 . What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Farmers.B. Dogs.C. Sheep.D. Loudspeakers.

31、33 Which of the following statements is supported by the passage?A. Herding dogs will gradually lose their position on the farmland.B. The drones can help monitor weather conditions with the current technology.C. The drones are multifunctional and leave the animals undisturbed.D. The market for the

32、DJI Mavic Enterprise is pretty small because of its high price. 34. Why cant the drones replace the dogs entirely?A. The drones cant bark as loudly as the dogs do.B. Cows are not used to seeing the drones.C. The drones are much more expensive.D. The drones* power is limited and they need charging.35

33、. What is the authors attitude towards the drones in the passage?A. Supportive.B. Objective.C. Critical.D. Doubtful.【答案】32.B33. C 34. D 35. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。随着科学技术的不断发展，机器能做的事情越来越多。它们不仅能帮人类干活， 甚至在某种程度上还能代替牧羊犬放牧。【32题详解】词义猜测题。由划线部分所在句has a feature that lets the machine record sounds and play them over

34、 a loudspeakerv可知，DJI Mavic Enterprise无人机有一个功能，它可以让机器录下声音，并通过扩音器播放。 由上文中的“The robots have not replaced the dogs entirely, Radio New Zealand reports, but they have appropriated （盗用）one ofthe animals most powerful tools: barking （据新西兰电台报道，机器人并没有完全取代狗，但 它们已经盗用了狗的最有效的工具之一：犬吠）由此可推知，此处表示这种机器人可以模仿狗。故选B。【33

35、题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句The robots allow farmers to monitor their land from afar, monitoring water and feed levels and checking on the animals health without disturbing them.（这些机器人可以让农民从远处监测 土地、水和投饲量，并在不打扰动物的情况下检查它们的健康状况）”。由此可知，无人机是多功能的且不 会打扰到动物，故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段here is still a need for herding dog

36、s, primarily because they have a longer lifespan than drones, can work in bad weather and do not require an electrical socket every few hours to recharge.（目前仍 然需要牧羊犬，主要是因为它们的寿命比无人机长，可以在恶劣天气下工作，不需要每隔几个小时充一次 电）”可知，无人机有一些不足之处一一功率有限，需要充电，因此不能完全代替牧羊犬。因此D项符合 题意。故选D。【35题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了在新西兰，农民使用无人机放牧和

37、监测牛羊的事实，并没有夹杂 作者个人的观点，客观地表达了无人机的优缺点。A. Supportive.支持的；B. Objective.客观的；C. Critical. 批评的；D. Doubtful.怀疑的。因此B符合语境，故选B。七选五Everybody knows the importance of drinking enough water. As we all know, drinking water benefits your skin, muscles and organs36The major reason for that is related to human biologi

38、cal needs.When youre a baby, youre 75 percentwater.Then, as the years get higher, you get drier. 37 It helps you lose weight, according to a study from the University of Birmingham.The researchers found that drinking 500 ml of water thirty minutes before a meal helped participants lose 10 more pound

39、s than those who did not. 38 All participants were advised to improve their diet and physical activity levels.84 overweight adults were involved.Among them 41 were told to “preload“ with water, while 43 were told to control their water intake before eating.After 12 weeks, the participants instructed

40、 to “preload” with water lost 2.87 pounds more than those in the control group on average.In addition, the participants preloading with water before each of their three main meals every day lost 9.48 pounds over the 12 weeks 39Dr.Helen Parretti, a lecturer at the University of Birmingham, had this t

41、o say of the study:40 Justdrinking 500 ml of water, three times a day, before your main meals may help reduce your weight.and this could be an easy way for weight loss. Furthermore, it can be significant for an individual to lose extra weight, making a potential contribution to public health.A. Anot

42、her reason to drink water is right here.B. The study began with a weight management consultation.C. The beauty of these findings is that losing weight is simple.D. But not everyone can get access to tap water in some areas.E. It also helps prevent certain diseases and improve your mood.F In contrast

43、, those preloading once a day or never, lost just 1.76 pounds.G. So kids should drink more water instead of coke to keep healthy.答案】36. E 37. A 38. B 39. F 40. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了喝水的重要性。【36题详解】根据上文“Everybody knows the importance of drinking enough water.As we all know, drinking water benefits your

44、 skin, muscles and organs.”可知，本段主要是说喝水对人体的益处。E项（它还有助于预防某些疾病和 改善你的情绪）进一步阐述了喝水的好处，承接上文，故选E。【37题详解】根据上文“The major reason for that is related to human biological needs.（其主要原因与人的生物需求有关）” 和下文“It helps you lose weight, according to a study from the University of Birmingham.（据伯明翰大学的一 项研究，它可以帮你减肥）”可知，此处是讲人需要

45、喝水的两个原因。故选A （另一个喝水的原因就在这 里）。【38题详解】本段主要讲的是研究者们所做的一个实验。B项（这项研究是从体重管理咨询开始的）引起下文，进一步 介绍实验的细节，符合语境，故选B。【39题详解】根据上文“In addition, the participants preloading with water before each of their three main meals every day lost 9.48 pounds over the 12 weeks.”可知，此外，在12周的时间里，研究对象在每天三餐前都喝水，体重减轻 了 9.48磅，F项（相反，那些一天只

46、有一次在饭前喝水和从不在饭前喝水的人只减了 1.76磅）与上文形 成对比，突出了多在饭前喝水的好处，符合语境，故选F。【40题详解】根据下文“Just drinking 500 ml of water, three times a day, before your main meals may help reduce your weight”可知，每次500毫升的水，在正餐前饮用，可以帮助你减轻体重，C项（这些发现的美妙之处在 于减肥很简单）符合语境，故选C。完形填空Have you ever wondered what the real meaning of the saying “A fr

47、iend in need is a friend indeed is? People talk about the true 41 of friendship actually without knowing what it 42. True friendship is theone in which one does not have to maintain formalities （形式）with the other. Sharing true friendship is the 43 when the relation you share with him/her reaches a s

48、tage that even if you dont communicate fbr some time, your friendship remains unchanged.The 44 between best friends is such that if one friend falls in trouble, the other will not think twice to help. If the relationship between two friends is strong, true friends can 45 even long distances. For them, geographical separation is just a part of life. It would not affect their friendship. True friendship never 46 In fact, it grows better with time.True friends dont 47 each other when one is facing trouble. They would face it together and support eac