六年级下册英语素材-小升初语法（一）名词关全国通用.doc

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1、Grammar名词关（Noun)知识大纲分类 定义普通名词可数名词个体名词（人或事的个体名字）boy, girl, person, city, magazine, panda. . .集体名词（一些人或事物的总称）people, police, family, team, group, class,不可数名词物质名词（无法分为个体）air,wind,water,milk,rice,bread,meat,sand,cloth,chalk,furniture,paper, chocolate. . .抽象名词（性质、行为、状态、感情等抽象概念）danger, beauty, love, work,

2、 life, sadness, trouble, friendship, cold, knowledge, information, weather. . 专有名词人名， 地名， 国家名Harry Potter, the Blacks, Guangzhou,New York, the United State, China. . .机构， 组织，团体Apple Company, the Oxford University,the WTO. . .月份， 星期， 节日February, Saturday, Childrens Day. . .衔接阶段难点1. 可数名词的单数一冠词搭配（1) 冠词

3、a+以辅音音素开头的名词单数：a university, a key. . .（2) 冠词an+以元音音素发音开头的名词单数：an umbrella, an idea, an hour, an experiment, an actor. . .2. 可数名词的复数常考规则变化与不规则变化（1) 常考的规则变化：如以o结尾s或es-photos, radios, heroes, potatoes, tomatoes. . .（2) 常考的不规则变化：变词尾：child-children, mouse-mice. . .变元音：man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, to

4、oth-teeth, goose-geese. . .单复数同形：deer, fish/fishes, sheep, Chinese, Japanese. . .3. 复合名词的复数变化（1) 由man 或woman 构成的复合名词单数变复数时，man 或 woman与其他名词同时变复数。如：a man doctor-men doctors.（2) 但由boy 或girl 构成的复合名词单数变复数时，boy 或girl 不变。如：a girl student-girl students. 4.不可数名词的数量表达（1) some/much/a little/little/a lot of/lo

5、ts of/plenty of+不可数名词区分：some/many/a few/few/a lot of/lots of/plenty of+可数名词常考：a little（表肯定）不可数名词little（表否定）a few (表肯定）可数名词few (表否定）（2) 单位量词不可数名词 a piece of advice two pieces of news three bowls of rice four bottles of milk. . .特殊】 a pair of trousers/glasses (一般以复数形式出现）5. 名词所有格（1) -s所有格：有生命的名词无生命的名词常

6、考类型：1. 以s结尾的名词后加 ， 反之加 s2. 用 and 连接的两个名词：Lily and Adas room (两人共有） Lilys and Adas rooms (两人各有）1. 时间：如 days holiday, five minutes walk等；2. 表价格、重量、距离：如ten dollarsworth of sugar, three pounds weight, fivekilometers distance等。（2) of 所有格：可与。所有格互换，如 the son of our teacher=our teachers son;（3) 双重所有格：“of+名词

7、的s所有格”， 如 a friend of my fathers;“of+名词性物主代词”， 如a friend of his.6. 词性辨析：名词vs形容词常考：国籍、语言及国籍人称的单复数国籍（名词）语言（名词形容词）对应人称单复数（名词）ChinaChinese Chinese Japanese Swiss Spanish 单复数同形Japan Japanese Switzerland SwissSpain Spanish FranceFrenchFrenchman-Frenchmen Englishman-Englishmen 改man 为 men 变复数EnglandEnglishA

8、merican-Americans Australian-AustraliansCanadian-CanadiansGerman-Germans Russian-Russians Greek-Greeks结尾加s变复数AmericaAustraliaCanadaGermanyGermanRussiaRussianGreeceGreek温馨提示常考点1: 词性辨析单复数变化1. Some _ from _will visit our school tomorrow.A. Germen; Germany B. Germany; German C. Germans; German D. German

9、s; Germany【提示1】： 辨析国籍类名词，德国人 German 变复数 Germans, 德国Germany.常考点2: 复合名词变复数常考点3: 名词所有格2. The_ doctors had_ discussion before the surgery,A. men; two hour B. man; two hours C. man; a two-hour D. men; two hours 【提示2】： 复合名词 man doctor 变复数时，需两个名词同时变成复数形。表示时间的名词所有格，“一场两小时的讨论”的正确表达应为a two hours discussion, t

10、wo hours以s结尾，后加名校真题（ ） 1. I live near the station. It is only about five _ walk.A. minutes B. minute C .minutes D .minutes（ ） 2. I paid$10 for _ this morning. A. 4 bottle milks B. 4 bottles of milk C. 4 bottles of milks D. 4 milk（ ） 3. Some_ from _ will visit our school tomorrow. A. Germen; Germany

11、B. Germany; German C. Germans; German D. Germans; Germany （ ） 4. There _ some sheep on the hill and they _ eating glasses. A. are; are B. is; were C. is; are D. are; were（ ）5. The _ doctors had _ discussion before the surgery.A. men; two hour B .man; two hours C. man; a two-hour D. men; two hours （

12、） 6. The _ students in Miss Janes class love eating _.A. boy; tomatos B. boy; tomatoes C. boys; tomatoes D. boys; tomatos （ ） 7. When I was a little boy, my father told me unity _ strength. A. was B. does C. is D. did（ ）8. If you eat _ meat, you will be fat.A. a lot B. too many C. much too D. too mu

13、ch （ ） 9. There is a _ near our school. We often buy books there.A. library B. shop C. supermarket D. bookstore （ ） 10. How many _ can you see in the picture?A. man B. child C. people D. woman （ ） 11. I have got a toothache. Im going to see the _.A. dentist B. park C. teacher D. butcher（ ） 12. -Whos

14、e ruler is it? Maybe its_.A. Peter B. Peters C. Marys and Peters D. Mary and Peters （ ） 13. Mr. Black is from _. Hes _. He speaks_. A. America; American; English B. Chinese; China; ChineseC. Australia; Australian; Russian D. England; French; France（ ） 17. There are a lot of _ in the bag. A. potato B

15、. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoses （ ） 18. Tom and Jerry are twins and they are_. Their family _ good. Now the family _watching TV.A. we heros, are, are B. ours heros, are, isC. our heroes, is, are D.us heroes, is, is （ ） 19. The two _ are from Beijing.A. man doctors B. mans doctors C. men doctors D

16、. men doctor （ ）20. It is never too late to learn. Harry began to learn to speak _ in his _.A. German; fifty B. Germany; fifties C. German; fifties D. Germany; fifty总结1. 衔接阶段名词主要考察：“数”： 区分可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词的单复数变化（尤其注意个别特殊变化或者高频出现在考题中的名词）；“格”： 名词所有格的三大类：s所有格，of所有格，双重所有格。2, 除了名词基础的“数”与“格”知识，衔接阶段更加注重学生对其修知识板块的综合运用，因此试题中多有出现“同一道题考察两个或以上的请法知识点”， 多积累练习题目，以名词板块为中心，串联其他词类语法知识点，巩固运用。