印度EV转型-18页-WN6.pdf

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1、EV TRANSFORMATION IN INDIASYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO ACCELERATE EV ADOPTIONMay 2023INDIAN CONTEXTPMs vision for future of mobility in IndiaCommonConnectedConvenientCongestion-freeChargedClean Mobility powered by Clean EnergyCutting-edge7 Cs Public Transport2 Wheelers&3 WheelersShared MobilityEV manufact

2、uring value chainCharging InfrastructureBattery StorageE-mobility value chainBattery recycling and second lifeEV ManufacturingBattery manufacturingEV financingPower supply and grid infrastructureCharging infrastructure and deployment2754EV Deployment163National Council of Electric Mobility National

3、Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020FAME I policy by DHIFAME II policy by DHIGuidelines for Charging infrastructure and amendment in building by-lawsPhased Manufacturing Program for indigenous manufacturing of EVs and its componentsMission on Transformative Mobility and Battery StorageSanction of 2,6

4、36 EV Charging stations under FAME II Green energy corridors project to develop EV charging infrastructureSale of e-2/3W without battery permitted by MoRTHNational Program on Advanced Chemistry Cell(ACC)battery storageProduction Linked Incentive(PLI)scheme-Indigenous manufacturing capacity of ACC an

5、d automotive/auto componentsGrand challenge procurement of 5,450 e-busesBattery Waste Management RulesAIS 156 amendment for promoting safety in EVsElectricity Rules reducing min power demand to 100kW2011201320152019202020212022Strong government intent towards electrification with enabling policy pus

6、h to overcome barriers to EV adoptionTotal cost of ownership advantage drives shift to EVsHigh utilization models of ride-hailing and fleet delivery likely to become first segments to completely transition to EVsICE:INR 2.7 per kmEV:INR 1.7 per km ICE:INR 6.1 per kmEV:INR 5.0 per km ICE:INR 9.5 per

7、kmEV:INR 7.1 per km E-2W FleetE-3W FleetE-3W GoodsTCO calculations have been made accounting for FAME subsidies.The reference city for calculations is Mumbai.E-mobility:A market in rapid transformationCumulative 2/3W EV sales have crossed 1mn units,which is still less than 0.5%of the total vehicle s

8、tockAnnual sales of E-2W are projected to grow to 10.3 million and e-3W to 0.5 million by 2030Source:EV Update Q3 2022;JMK Research and Analysis503,806E-mobility market assessment:Challenges and enablers needed for e-2/3WAdoption is hindered by institutional fragmentation,policy and regulatory const

9、raints in e-2/3W fleets Enablers to accelerate e-2/3W adoptionHigh commercial financing costsNo fiscal incentives-swapping,leasing modelsLack of secondary/resale marketLack of charging infrastructure solutionsPermits and registration for 2/3W fleetsE-mobility market assessment:Challenges and enabler

10、s needed for e-busesEnablers to accelerate e-bus adoptionMarket share of e-buses remains low due to a combination of financial,procurement,and regulatory hurdlesHigh upfront cost and no subsidy to private sectorFewer commercial financing optionsHigher quoted bids by e-bus operators$Poor credit-worth

11、iness of STUs Lack of depot and grid-readinessE-mobility market assessment:Challenges and enablers needed for charging infrastructureLack of land availability to setup charging stationsUneven adoption of charging standards in statesHigher taxation and no fiscal incentives for swapping/leasingUnavail

12、ability of subsidizedelectricity tariffLack of depot and grid-readinessBusiness models for charging facilities are unviable due to limited utilization and high costs of service provisionEnablers to accelerate charging infrastructure deploymentPotential uptake for EVs:Emobility market assessment resu

13、ltsMarket SegmentFY21FY25FY30e-bus sales1,8508,00014,000EV penetration11.7%18%50%Ride hailing fleet Employee shuttle Ride hailing fleet Freight fleet Ride hailing fleet Freight fleet Fleet aggregation-Revised Gross Cost Contract(GCC)Fleet aggregation and unbundled charging provisionSelected business

14、 models and potential EV adoption with implementation of enabling ecosystem recommendationsState of play and business models for charging infrastructureState of play and need for chargingCharging demand to support accelerated adoption(in thousand charger points)Charging infrastructure business model

15、s6,686 public charging stations in India as on 31stMarch 2023Cumulative charger demand to grow to 36 million to meet charging needs of 62 million+on-road EVs forecasted by 2030Charging infrastructure investment requirement is estimated to be USD 2.7bilionEV adoption in India will lead to major GHG e

16、mission reduction Source:World Bank OECD ITF(forthcoming in India)162 318 74 71 104 46 61 0118 160 46 45 44 29 34 24112149 44 43 41 27 31 20050100150200250300350Car(Personal)Car-(Shared/Ride-hailing)Scooter-PersonalScooter-SharedThree-wheelerUrban Bus(12m AC)Intercity Bus(12m AC)Metro RailLifecycle

17、GHG emissions per passenger-km(g/pkm)Petrol/DieselBEV-IPSBEV-Net ZeroNeed for green energy transition to support EV adoptionEVs can reduce lifetime CO2emissions by an average of 29%to 79%depending on the emissions intensity of the grid.Even for an EV driven in Poland(coal-dominant grid)with a batter

18、y manufactured in China(coal-dominant grid),the lifetime emissions are 22%lower than diesel cars and 28%lesser than petrol carsSource:European Federation for Transportation and Environment;Module 6Role of ecosystems to foster EV penetrationClear governance and institutional capability and awareness

19、raisingSetting and monitoring battery and vehicle standardsPromote indigenization and technological innovationPolicy and institutional alignment-Transport,Energy and Industry Unlock business models and secondary marketLifecycle management of batteries and access to green chargingEffective implementa

20、tion of policy,regulatory and institutional changes are needed tocatalyze sustainable e-mobility transition with lifecycle management of batteriesWORLD BANKS SUPPORT TO E-MOBILITY TRANSITIONProposed interventions by the World BankIncrease stationary battery storage Provide concessional financing for

21、 BatteryEnergy Storage System(BESS)in thepower system Support the evolving of BESS ecosystemSupport green charging infrastructure Increase RE supply to EVs Pilottwo-waycommunicationsbetweenpower grids and EVs in selected states andcities.Support unlocking of finance for electric 2/3 wheelers Innovat

22、ive financing mechanisms Support development and implementationofthechargingandbatteryswappingsystemAccelerate the adoption of electric buses Mobilizationofaffordablecommercialfinancing(payment security mechanism)Delivery capacity of public agencies Carbon creditsTechnical Assistance to build the ec

23、osystem-market assessment(EVs and battery storage),policy andregulatory support,capacity building for lenders,STU capacity building,charging infrastructure implementationroadmap,monetizing carbon credits;and studies on battery lifecycle management and secondary marketcreation for EVsTHANK YOUBy Mansha SehgalTransport Specialist,South Asia Regionhttp:/