热点练02 阅读理解之记叙文 -2023年高考英语（教师版）（全国通用）.pdf

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1、热点练0 2 阅读理解之记叙文 命 题趋势从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。满分技巧要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。1.关注细节记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W(what,who,when,where,w hy)要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。2.注重联系在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研

2、究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。3.读懂表象主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如“What can be inferred from？或是 What does the author imply in？之 类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。4.挖掘意义每

3、年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，。热点话题记叙文常见的命题类型如下：1.主旨大意题文章主旨给出的四种形式:文首，文中，文尾。命题常用的提问方式有以下几种：Whats the main idea/subject/topic of the passage?The main idea of the passage is.The passage is mainly a b o u t.Which of the following statements best expresses the main

4、 idea of the passage?The best title for the passage is/might be.The authors main purpose of writing this passage is.做题要领：文章主旨通常会出现在文首，文中或文尾，因此寻找主题句或主题段往往是做好此类题的键。但当文中没有直接出现主题句，应对文章意思全面理解后归纳概括主旨，但不能太笼统即不切主题，言过其实或以偏概全。2.细节理解题这类题目是针对文章的具体事实和细节而出，因此通常能在文章中直接或间接地找到答案.此类要求查找重要事实和细节的试题通常以下列形式提出：Which of th

5、e following statements is(not)true according to the passage?Which of the following is(not)discussed/Mentioned in the passage?According to the passage,what/where/Which/who/why/when/how.?How does the author/writer feel about_?3.词义/语义判断题这类考题常见的提问方式有以下几种：According to the author,the underlined word m e a

6、 n s.From the passage,we can infer that the word.”is_.can be best replaced by_.What does the author probably mean by.”？By“the author means that_4.推断题以原文内容为前提,透过现象看本质即透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思。根据作者的观点理论客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。推断题的常见形式：It can be inferred/concluded from the text that.From the text w

7、e know t hat.The passage implies t hat.The paragraph following the passage will most probably d i s c u s s e s.解推断题的方法：解推断题最主要的方法是根据语义关系推断具体细节。5.观点态度题回答这类问题应从篇章的体裁入手.一般来说，在说明文中作者的态度是客观的或中立的;在议论文中，作者的态度才会显得多种多样.可以根据阐述主题或有关主题的相关语句或词语确定作者的态度。常 见 的 态 度 词 语 有：positive/support/approval（赞 同 的/optimisticcr

8、itical/negative/tolerant/disappointed/pessimistic（悲 观 的）/indifferent（冷 淡的）/doubtfulNeutral（中立的）/objective（客观的）这类考题常见的提问方式有以下几种：Whats the author9s/writers attitude to.?The author thinks/suggests/believes that_.How does the author feel about.?Which of the following will the author agree/disagree with?

9、Which of the following can best describe the authors attitude towards.?TF艮时检测真题链接2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一 考 试（甲卷）CAs Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica,she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoopenguins（企鹅）longing to say hello.These gentle,lovely gatekeepers welcomed her andkick-started what was

10、 to be a trip Ginni would never forget.Ever since her childhood,Ginni,now 71,has had a deep love for travel.Throughout hercareer（职业）as a professional dancer,she toured in the UK,but always longed to explore further.When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest,she decided it wa

11、s time totake the plunge.After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts,Ginni began to travel theworld,eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile.And it was in Chile shediscovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off

12、Tierra del Fuego,the southernmost tip of the South American mainland.just decided I wantedto go,she says.I had no idea about what Id find there and I wasnt nervous,I just wanted to doit.And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”In March 2008,Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers

13、shed never met before,to begin thejourney towards Antarctica.From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises,the wholeexperience was amazing.Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,Ginni says.“I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale;it just rose out of the water like som

14、eprehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us.You could still hear the operatic sounds itwas making underwater.The realization that this is a precious land,to be respected by humans,was one of the biggestthings that hit home to Ginni.28.Which of the following best explains“take the plunge

15、 underlined in paragraph 2?A.Try challenging things.B.Take a degree.C.Bring back lost memories.D.Stick to a promise.29 What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica?A.Lovely penguins.B.Beautiful scenery.C.A discount fare.D.A friends invitation.30.What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the j

16、ourney?A.It could be a home for her.B.It should be easily accessible.C.It should be well preserved.D.It needs to be fully introduced.31.What is the text mainly about?A.A childhood dream.B.An unforgettable experience.C.Sailing around the world.D.Meeting animals in Antarctica.【答案】28.A 29.C 30.C 31.B【解

17、析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了 71 岁的Ginni Balinton从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱，渴望探险，不再跳舞和孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。28.A词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词前文“Throughout her career（职业）as a professional dancer,shetoured in the UK,but always longed to explore further.（在她的职业舞蹈演员生涯中,她曾在英国巡演，但一直渴望进一步探索）“和When she retired from dancing and

18、her sons eventuallyflew the nest（当她不再跳舞，她的儿子们最终独立生活）“可知，Ginni在退休和儿子们成家立业之后，她决定尝试有挑战性的事情。由此推知，划线词组lake ihe plunge与 try challengingthings“尝试有挑战性的事情”意思接近。故选Ao29.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minutecheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tiera

19、 del Fuego.（正是在智利，她发现自己可以在最后一刻买到从火地岛附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船票）“可知，是折扣的票价让 Ginni决定去南极洲旅行的。故选Co30.C细节理解题。根据最后一段The realization that this is a precious land,to be respected byhumans,was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.（意识至U 这是一块宝贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，这 是 Ginni最深刻的感受之一户可知，旅行结束后，Ginni认为南极洲应该得到很好的保护。故选C。31

20、.B主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了 Ginni Balinton去南极旅行的经历，再根据第一段“These gentle lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginniwould never forget.（这些温柔可爱的看门人欢迎了她，并开始了一次Ginni永远不会忘记的旅行）”和倒数第二段Ginni Balinton对南极之旅的评价可知，文章主要介绍了 Ginni Balinton去南极洲之旅让她非常难忘。由此可知，An unforgettable experience.（一

21、次难忘的经历）能够概括文章主旨。故选B。2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（甲卷）By day,Robert Titterton is a lawyer.In his spare on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova not as a musician but as her page turner.Im not a trained musician,but Ive learnt to readmusic so I can help Maria in her performance.”Mr Titterton is chairman of the O

22、mega Ensemble but has been the groups official page turnerfor the past fouryears.His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesnthave to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves.He said he became just as nervous asthose playing instruments on stage.-“

23、A lot of skills are needed fbr the job.You have to make sure you dont turn two pages atonce and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.”Mr Titterton explained.Being a page turner requires plenty of practice.Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutesand

24、 require up to 50 page turns,including back turns for repeat passages.Silent onstagecominunication is key,and each pianist has their own style of nodding“to indicate a page tumwhich they need to practise with their page turner.-But like all performances,there are moments when things go wrong.t4I was

25、 turning the pageto get ready for the next page,but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall offthe stand,“Mr Titterton said,Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists,although MsRaspopova has once aske

26、d her husband to help her out on stage.“My husband is the worst page turner,she laughed.Hes interested in the music,feelingevery note,and I have to say:Turn,turn!9 Robert is the best page turner Ive had in my entire24.What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner?A.Read music.B.Play the pi

27、ano.C.Sing songs.D.Fix the instruments.25.Which of the following best describes Titterton9 s job on stage?A.Boring.B.Well-paid.C.Demanding.D.Dangerous.26.What does Titterton need to practise?-A.Counting the pages.B.Recognizing the nodding”.C.Catching falling objects.D.Performing in his own style.27.

28、Why is Ms Raspopovas husband“the worse page turner?A.He has very poor eyesight.B.He ignores the audience.-C.He has no interest in music.D.He forgets to do his job.【答案】24.A 25.C 26.B 27.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了为钢琴演奏者做翻页工作的Robert Titterton和他的工作情况24.A细节理解题。根据第一段Im not a trained musician,but Fve learnt

29、to read music so I can helpMaria in her performance.（我不是受过训练的音乐家，但我学会了识谱，这样我就可以在Maria的表演中帮助她广可知，Titterton因为识谱，所以可以在Maria的钢琴表演中为她翻页。故选 A 项一25.C推理判断题。根据第三段“A lot of skills arc needed for the job.You have to make sure you dontturn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when y

30、ou have to go backto the right spot.（这项工作需要很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页并且必要的时候确保你回到前面找到音乐重复的部分）可知，为钢琴家翻页这项工作很需要技巧。由此推知，Titterton的工作要求是很高的。故选C 项。26.B细节理解题。根据第四段Silent onstage communication is key,and each pianist has their ownstyle of“nodding to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page

31、turner.（无声的舞台交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来表示翻页，他们需要和翻页者进行练习）”可知，Titterton需要和钢琴演奏者练习识别他们的“点头”示意来翻页。故选B 项一27.D细节理解题。根据最后一段Hes interested in the music,feeling every note,and I have to say:叮urn,turn!，（他对音乐很感兴趣，感受着每一个音符，所以我不得不说：“翻页，翻页！”广可知，Ms Raspopova的丈夫因为对音乐感兴趣，所以帮她翻页的时候总是沉浸在音乐中而忘掉自己的工作，她不得不去提醒。故选D 项。2021年普通

32、高等学校招生全国统一考试（乙卷）BI have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo,Paris for 11 years.Spot and Stripe are the firsttiger cubs that have ever been born here.Globally,a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don*t make itto adulthood,so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.I*ve got two childrenthe

33、younger one,Kynan,was extremely happy about the tigersarriving-but all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow.Iwasnt worried about bringing them into my home with my wife and kids.These were cubs.Theyweighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there was absol

34、utely no risk.As they grew more mobile,we let them move freely around the house during the day,butwhen we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room,otherwise theyd get up to mischief.Wed come down in the morning to find theyd turned the room upside down,and left it lookinglike a zoo.Things

35、quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them.There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired.I was grateful that my family wasthere to help.We had to have a bit of a production line going,making up“tiger milk,washingbaby bottles,and cleaning the f

36、loors.When Spot and Stripe were four months old,they were learning how to open doors and jumpfences,and we knew it really was time for them to go.It was hard for us to finally part with them.For the first few days,Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs werent there.Im not sad about it.Im

37、hands-on with them every day at the zoo,and I do look back veryfondly on the time that we had them.4.Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home?A.To ensure their survival.B.To observe their differences.C.To teach them life skills.D.To let them play w汕 his kids.5.What do the underlined words“get up

38、 to mischief mean in paragraph 3?A.Behave badly.B.Lose their way.C.Sleep soundly.D.Misstheir mom.6.What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home?A.Boring.B.Tiring.C.Costly.D.Risky.7.Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo?A.They frightened the children.B.They

39、became difficult to contain.C.They annoyed the neighbours.D.They started fighting each other.【答案】4.A 5.A 6.B 7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者为了保证两只老虎幼崽的存活，决定在家里全天候照顾它们。介绍了老虎在作者家生活的情况以及作者照顾老虎的感受。4.A细节理解题。根据第一段中“Globally,a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos dont make it toadulthood,so 1 decided to give them round

40、-the-clock care at home.（在全球范围内,动物园里三分之一的苏门答腊老虎幼崽活不到成年，所以我决定在家里全天候照顾它们）可知，作者把老虎幼崽带回家是为了确保他们的存活。故选A。5.A词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“As they grew more mobile,we let them move freely around thehouse during the day,but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room,otherwisetheyd”（随着它们的活动越来越多，我们白天让它们在房子里自由

41、活动，但当我们睡觉时，我们必须把它们关在一个大房间里，否则它们会）以及后文“Wed come down in the morningto find theyd turned the room upside down,and left it looking like a zoo.（我们早上卜楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，让它看起来像个动物园。）可知，作者不得不把老虎们关在一个大房间里，否则它们就会调皮捣蛋，表现不好。早上下楼时发现他们把房间弄得乱七八糟，看起来像个动物园。故画线词意思是“表现不好”。故选A。6.B推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Things quickly got very in

42、tense due to the huge amount ofenergy required to look after them.There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired.（由于需要大量的精力来照顾它们，事情很快变得非常紧张。有一段艰难的日子，我只是觉得非常累）“可推知，作者认为在家里养小老虎累人。故选B。7.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“When Spot and Stripe were four months old,they were learninghow to open doors and jump f

43、ences,and we knew it really was time for them to go.（当 Spot 和Stripe四个月大的时候，他们正在学习如何开门和跳栅栏，我们知道是时候让他们离开了）”可知，作者决定把Spol和 Slripe送回动物园是因为他们变得难以控制。故选B。2022年新高考H 卷之B 篇We journalists live in a new age of storytelling,with many new multimedia tools.Manyyoung people dont even realize its new.For them,it5s ju

44、st normal.This hit home f o】m。as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the SpringFestival holiday.I had brought a childrens book to read.It had simple words and colorful pictures a perfect match fbr his age.Picture this:my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so

45、he can see thepictures.As I read,he reaches out and pokes（戳）the page with his finger.Whats up with that?He just likes the pictures,I thought.Then I turned the page andcontinued.He poked the page even harder.I nearly dropped the book.I was confused:Is theresomething wrong with this kid?Then I realize

46、d what was happening.He was actually a stranger to books.His fatherfrequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures thatcome alive when you poke them.He thought my storybook was like that.Sorry,kid.This book is not part of your high-tech world.Ifs an outdated,

47、lifeless thing.Anantique,like your grandfather.Well,I may be old,but Im not hopelessly challenged,digitallyspeaking.I edit video and produce audio.I use mobile payment.Tve even built websites.Theres one notable gap in my new-media experience,however:Ive spent little time in frontof a camera,since I

48、have a face made for radio.But that didnt stop China Daily from asking melast week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing,Tianjin andHebei province.Anyway,grandpa is now an internet star-two minutes of fame!I promise not to let it go tomy head.But I will make

49、sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.4.What do the underlined words“hit home for me mean in paragraph 2?A.Provided shelter for me.C.Took the pressure off me.5.Why did the kid poke the storybook?A.He took it for a tablet computer.C.He was angry with his grandpa.6.What does the author thi

50、nk of himself?B.Became very clear to me.D.Worked quite well on me.B.He disliked the colorful pictures.D.He wanted to read it by himself.A.Socially ambitious.C.Financially independent.7.What can we learn about the author as a journalist?B.Physically attractive.D.Digitally competent.A.He lacks experie