问路和指路及There be句型外语学习英语写作外语学习英语学习.pdf

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1、学习好资料 欢迎下载 a/an/the 的用法 Name_ No._ 一、a/an 的用法 英语中表示“一个（块，片，只，本，杯.）”应用不定冠词a/an来表达。anAn用于以元音开头的字母或可数单数名词（可单名）前,a 用于以辅音开头的字母或可数单数名词（可单名）前。例如：a bookbUk 一本书，an apple5Apl 一个苹果 1、一个 a/e/i/o 用 an,一个以 a/e/i/o 开头的单词前也常用 an.an a,an e,an i,an o 2、一个 u 用 a，一个以 u 开头的单词前用 a/an 均可。当“u”发ju:时，用 a,当“u”发Q时，用 an.a u,an

2、uncle,a UFO 3、一个h用 an,一个以 h 开头的单词前用 a/an 均可。当 h 不发音时，用 an;当“h”发h时，用 a。an h,an hour5aU,a hat 4、一个f/l/m/n/s/x/r用 an,一个以 f/l/m/n/s/x/r 开头的单词前用 a。5、一个 b/c/d/j/k/p/q/t/v/w/y/z 用 a；一个以 b/c/d/g/j/k/p/q/t/v/w/y/z 开头的单词前常用a。二、the 的用法 the 可以修饰不可数名词，单数可数名词，复数名词,但是不可以单独用。the+可数单数名词=this/that+可数单数名词,the+复数名词=the

3、se/those+复数名词 1、用于世界上独一无二的十五前。the USA the UN the UK 2、用于介词短语中。on the table in the backpack 3、当名词作主语时，其前常用 the.The pen is on the table.4、一个可数单数名词第一次出现用 a/an,再次出现用 the;一个复名词第一次出现用 some,再次出现用 the.This is a pen.The pen is nice.These are some pens.The pens are nice.5、一般在一般疑问句中常用 a/an,在特殊疑问句中常用 the。Is thi

4、s a pen?Where is the pen?What color is the pen?Who is the boy?6、如果在一个可单名前可以用“一个.”来修饰，则用 a/an,如果用这/那来修饰则用 the。There is a pen on the desk.The boy in the picture is my brother.介词及介词短语 一、介词 在.上 on 在.里 in 在.下 under 在.后 behind 在.旁边 next to/beside 在.与.之间 between.and.在.(之外)的前面 in front of=before,在.(之内)的前部 i

5、n the front of,在.中间 in the middle/center of,在.左边/右边 on the left/right of,(11)在某人的左边/右边 on ones left/right=on the left/right of sb(12)在.的对面 across from=on the other side of 二、介词短语。在沙发上 on the sofa 在梳妆台后 behind the dresser 在餐桌下 under the table 在桌子与椅子之间 between the table and the chair 在抽屉里 in the drawe

6、r 在沙发旁边 next to the sofa 学习好资料 欢迎下载 在我的双肩背包里 in my backpack 在地板上 on the floor 在卧室里 in the bedroom 在床的旁边 next to the bed 在沙发后 behind the sofa 在书柜和卧室之间 between the bookcase and the bedroom 在餐桌旁边 next to the table 在桌子下面 under the table 在沙发上 on the sofa 在梳妆台上 on the dresser 在双肩背包里 in the backpack 在梳妆台里

7、in the dresser 在桌子上 on the table 在树上（长在树上）on the tree 在树上(不是树上长的)in the tree 在画里 in the picture 在墙上（表面）on the wall 在墙里(里面)in the wall 三、常用的句型 主语+be+介词短语.对介词短语提问用 where（一）单数句型 The+单数名词 is+介词短语 The pen is on the desk.Where is the pen?Ones(形物/名所)+单数名词 is+介词短语.形物:my,your,his,her,our,their 名所:Jims,Annas

8、My pen is on the desk.Where is your pen?This/That+单数名词 is+介词短语.This/That pen is on the desk.Where is this/that pen?He/She/It+is+介词短语.He/She/It is on the desk.Where is he/she/it?I am+介词短语.I am on the desk.Where are you?（二）复数句型 The+复数名词 are+介词短语 The pens are on the desk.Where are the pens?Ones+复数名词 ar

9、e+介词短语 Ones(形物/名所)+单数名词 is+介词短语.形物:my,your,his,her,our,their 名所:Jims,Annas My pens are on the desk.Where are your pens?These/Those+复数名词 are+介词短语.These/Those pens are on the desk.Where are these/those pens?We/You/They are+介词短语.We are on the desk.Where are you?They are on the desk.Where are they?There

10、 be 句型基础知识 一、基本要点：1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）。2、在 there be 句型中,be 动词有 is,are 两个。当主语是可单名时,be 动词用 is;当主语是复数名词时,be 动词用are;当主语时不可数名词时,be 动词用is;当主语为并列名词,be 动词由第一个名词决定,而与其它的名词无关。There is a pen and two books on the desk.There are two books and a pen on the desk 3、there be 句型的否定句在 be 动词后加 not,一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句

11、首。数单数名词可单名前用于以辅音开头的字母或可数单数名词可单名前例如一本书一个苹果一个用一个以开头的单词前也常用一个用一个以开头的单词前用均可当发时用当发时用一个用一个以开头的单词前用均可当不发音时用当发时名词但是不可以单独用可数单数名词可数单数名词复数名词复数名词用于世界上独一无二的十五前用于介词短语中当名词作主语时其前常用一个可数单数名词第一次出现用再次出现用一个复名词第一次出现用再次出现用一般在一般短语一介词在上在里在下在后在旁边在与之间在之外的前面在之内的前部在中间在左边右边在某人的左边右边在的对面二介词短语在沙发上在餐桌下在桌子与椅子之间在抽屉里在沙发旁边在妆台后学习好资料欢迎下载在

12、我的双肩背学习好资料 欢迎下载 4、there be 句型与 have(has)的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物(或人)；have(has)表示某人拥有某物。5、some 和 any 在 there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句,any 用于否定句或疑问句。6、and 和 or 在 there be 句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句,or 用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many+名词复数+are there+介词短语？How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：Whats+介词

13、短语？9、对介词短语提问:Where is/are the+名词？10、与 have/has 的区别：在含有的句子前加在意思不变则用 there be,如意思要变则用have/has,有时可互换。There are some books in my bag.=I have some books in my bag.Our school has 17 classes.=There are 17 classes in our school.二、句型转换：1、当名词为不可数名词时 肯定句：There is some +u.n +介词短语.否定句：There is not any+u.n +介词短语.

14、一般疑问句：Is there any u.n.+介词短语?肯定回答：Yes,there is.(there 不可改)否定回答：No,there isnt(there 不可改)对 some 提问：How much +u.n.is there +介词短语?对 some+u.n.提问：Whats +介词短语?对介词短语提问：Where is the+u.n?(将 some 改为 the)2、当名词为可数单数名词时：肯定句：There is a/an +可单名 +介词短语.否定句：There is not a/an +可单名+介词短语.一般疑问句：Is there a/an +可单名+介词短语?肯定回

15、答：Yes,there is.(there 不可改)否定回答：No,there isnt(there 不可改)对 a/an 提问：How many +复名 are there +介词短语?对 a/an+可单名提问：Whats +介词短语?对介词短语提问：Where is the+可单名?(将 a/an 改为 the)3、当名词为复数名词时：肯定句：There are +some 复名 +介词短语.否定句：There are not any 复名+介词短语.一般疑问句：Are there any 复名 +介词短语?肯定回答：Yes,there are(there 不可改)否定回答：No,ther

16、e arent(there 不可改)对 a/an 提问：How many +复名 are there +介词短语?对 a/an+可单名提问：Whats +介词短语?对介词短语提问：Where are the+复名?(将 some 改为 the)巩固练习：用 be 动词的正确形式填空。数单数名词可单名前用于以辅音开头的字母或可数单数名词可单名前例如一本书一个苹果一个用一个以开头的单词前也常用一个用一个以开头的单词前用均可当发时用当发时用一个用一个以开头的单词前用均可当不发音时用当发时名词但是不可以单独用可数单数名词可数单数名词复数名词复数名词用于世界上独一无二的十五前用于介词短语中当名词作主语时

17、其前常用一个可数单数名词第一次出现用再次出现用一个复名词第一次出现用再次出现用一般在一般短语一介词在上在里在下在后在旁边在与之间在之外的前面在之内的前部在中间在左边右边在某人的左边右边在的对面二介词短语在沙发上在餐桌下在桌子与椅子之间在抽屉里在沙发旁边在妆台后学习好资料欢迎下载在我的双肩背学习好资料 欢迎下载 1.There _ a desk near the window.2.There_ some money in the purse.3.There_ an apple on the tree.4._ there any children in the room?5._ there a p

18、en and two rulers in your bag?6.There _ 54 students in our classroom.7.There _ three women and a man over there 8.There _ some apples onthe tree.9.There _ 50 yuan in Emmas purse.10.There_ shoes under the bed.问路和指路 Asking for and giving directions.(一)Asking for directions(问路)请问，公园在哪里？Excuse me!How fa

19、r is the park,please?Excuse me!Is there a park near here?Excuse me!Where is the nearest park,please?Excuse me!How can I get to the park?Excuse me!Which is the way to the park?Excuse me!Could you tell/show me the way to the park?Excuse me!Do you know the way to the park?Excuse me!Can you find the way

20、 to the park?Excuse me!Could you tell me where the park is?Excuse me!Could you tell me which is the way to the park?Excuse me!Could you tell me how I can get to the park?Excuse me!Could you tell me how to get to the park?Excuse me!Could you tell me if there is a park near/around here /in the neighbo

21、rhood?（二）Giving directions(指路)1.Its over there.Its on Fifth Avenue/Centre Street./Its+prep.the+名词地点.(Its across from the supermarket.)/Its about 100 metres away./Its down Bridge Street on the left.2.Go/Walk along/down/up the road/street.Go straight and turn left./Go straight along the street./Go ups

22、tairs and turn left.Cross the bridge.Go across the bridge.Go through Fifth Avenue.Take the+序数词(fifth)+turning on the left/right.=Turn left/right at the+序数词(fifth)+turning/crossing.Go on to the end of the road.=go on until you reach the end of the road.Youll find/see it in front of you/on your left/r

23、ight.You can find it easily.You cant miss it.3.The nearest one is about .kilometres away.Youd better go there by bus.=Youd better take/catch a bus to go there.The bus stop is along the road on the right/left.数单数名词可单名前用于以辅音开头的字母或可数单数名词可单名前例如一本书一个苹果一个用一个以开头的单词前也常用一个用一个以开头的单词前用均可当发时用当发时用一个用一个以开头的单词前用均可

24、当不发音时用当发时名词但是不可以单独用可数单数名词可数单数名词复数名词复数名词用于世界上独一无二的十五前用于介词短语中当名词作主语时其前常用一个可数单数名词第一次出现用再次出现用一个复名词第一次出现用再次出现用一般在一般短语一介词在上在里在下在后在旁边在与之间在之外的前面在之内的前部在中间在左边右边在某人的左边右边在的对面二介词短语在沙发上在餐桌下在桌子与椅子之间在抽屉里在沙发旁边在妆台后学习好资料欢迎下载在我的双肩背学习好资料 欢迎下载 The No.9 bus will take you right there.You need a No.9 bus to go there.Take a

25、No.9 bus on the right and get off at the fourth stop.4.Im sorry I dont know.=Im sorry Ive no idea.=Im sorry Im not sure.Youd better ask the policeman for help over there.He may know.-Thank you all the same.Im sorry Im a stranger myself.-Thank you all the same.Im sorry,Im new around here.-Thank you a

26、ll the same.附 录：1、地 点 名 词。post office,library,restaurant,bank,supermarket,pay phone,park,market,hotel,school,hospital,airport 2、常见的表地点介词：在.上 on,在.旁边 next to/beside,在.与.之间 between.and.,在.后 behind,在.(之外)的前面 in front of=before,在.(之内)的前部 in the front of,Teachers stand in front of students and in the fro

27、nt of the classroom.在.中间 in the middle/center of,在.左边/右边 on the left/right of,在某人的左边/右边 on ones left/right=on the left/right of sb 在.的对面 across from=on the other side of 3、介词短语：由介词+the/ones+名词构成或者由介词+专有名词构成。on Center Street,on Bridge Street,on Fifth Avenue next to the post office,beside the park,nex

28、t to the bank between the park and the hotel,between the park and the school behind the supermarket,behind the pay phone in front of the post office,in front of the hospital in the front of the school,in the front of the classroom in the middle/center of the city on the left of the library,on the ri

29、ght of the bank on my left/right=on the left/right of me across from the pay phone,on the other side of the market 二、常用的句型。1.There is a/an+地点名词+介词短语。There is a post office on Center Street.2.Where is the +地点名词？Its+介词短语。Where is the park?Its between the hotel and the school.补充句型：one of you/us/them,on

30、e of the/ones+复数名词，作主语时，其后的动词在一般现在时态中，动词用三单现，be 用 is One of them likes English.One of mt friends is from England.S1/S2+had better do sth.某人最好做什么。S1/S2+had better not do sth.某人最好别做什么。Students had better listen carefully in class.Students had better not talk in class.数单数名词可单名前用于以辅音开头的字母或可数单数名词可单名前例如一本书一个苹果一个用一个以开头的单词前也常用一个用一个以开头的单词前用均可当发时用当发时用一个用一个以开头的单词前用均可当不发音时用当发时名词但是不可以单独用可数单数名词可数单数名词复数名词复数名词用于世界上独一无二的十五前用于介词短语中当名词作主语时其前常用一个可数单数名词第一次出现用再次出现用一个复名词第一次出现用再次出现用一般在一般短语一介词在上在里在下在后在旁边在与之间在之外的前面在之内的前部在中间在左边右边在某人的左边右边在的对面二介词短语在沙发上在餐桌下在桌子与椅子之间在抽屉里在沙发旁边在妆台后学习好资料欢迎下载在我的双肩背